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Phage-Microbiota Crosstalk: Implications for Central Nervous System Disorders.

The gut microbiota constitutes a complex community of microorganisms (including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa) within the intestinal tract. Over the years, an increasing number of studies have highlighted the bidirectional communication between the gut microbiota and the central nervous system (CNS), a relationship commonly referred to as the "microbiota-gut-brain axis". In particular, the crosstalk between the gut microbiota and the brain has been associated with the pathogenesis and progression of various CNS disorders. Phages, or bacteriophages, viruses that specifically infect bac…

Gut microbiota and tuberculosis infection: interaction and therapeutic potential.

Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), is a serious chronic infectious disease. Although significant progress has been made in the prevention and treatment of MTB, current anti-tuberculosis therapies still face numerous challenges. The human gut microbiota, a complex ecosystem, plays a role in host metabolism, immune regulation, and health maintenance. Recent studies have increasingly highlighted a close relationship between gut microbiota and PTB. The gut microbiota, through the gut-lung axis, mediates the immune processes of PTB, while MTB infection can dis…

Нейростероиды, микробиота и нейроинфламмация: механистические понимания и терапевтические перспективы.

Ось кишечника (GBA) представляет собой сложную двунаправленную коммуникационную сеть, связывающую кишечник микробиота (GM) и центральную нервную систему (CNS). Недавние исследования показали, что нейростероиды (НН) играют важнейшую роль в модуляции нейроинфламмативной реакции и содействии нейрозащите. Тем временем, изменения ГМ связаны с различными нейро-воспалительными и нейродегенеративными условиями, такими, как множественный склероз, болезнь Альцгеймера и амиотропический боковой склероз. Цель этого обзора состоит в том, чтобы дать всеобъемлющий обзор сложных взаимосвязей между НС, ГМ и ней

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
The gut-brain axis (GBA) represents a complex bidirectional communication network that links the gut microbiota (GM) and the central nervous system (CNS). Recent research has revealed that neurosteroids (NSs) play crucial roles in modulating neuroinflammatory responses and promoting neuroprotection. Meanwhile, GM alterations have been associated with various…

Пробиотики, кишечная микробиота и здоровье мозга: изучение терапевтических путей.

Микробиом кишечника играет важную роль в регулировании желудочно-кишечной функции (GI) и модуляции оси кишечника, которая описывает двунаправленную связь между трактом GI и центральной нервной системой (CNS). Его участие в пищеварении, иммунитете и нейрофизиологии хорошо признано. Это исследование предлагает новые идеи, сосредоточившись на психобиотиках, классе пробиотиков с целенаправленными нейроактивными свойствами. Эти микроорганизмы оказывают влияние на мозг через определенные механизмы, включая модуляцию нейроинфламмации, производство нейротрансмиттера (GABA, серотонина), регулирование о

Role of gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis.

The role of the gut microbiota, especially bacterial flora, in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is becoming clearer. Advances in gut microbiota analysis and the use of gnotobiotics models have underscored the importance of gut bacteria and their metabolites in the progression of IBD. Fecal microbiota transplantation has shown promise in clinical trials for ulcerative colitis started as Advanced Medical Care B in Japan, raising expectations for its outcomes. This review explores the gut microbiota's role in IBD, encompassing both current knowledge and future prospects.

Altered salivary microbiota associated with high-sugar beverage consumption.

The human oral microbiome may alter oral and systemic disease risk. Consuming high sugar content beverages (HSB) can lead to caries developm … nd periodontitis (P. gingivalis). Our results suggest that soft drink intake may alter the salivary microbiota, with consistent results across two independent cohorts. The observed perturbations of overrepresented acidogenic bacteria and underrepresented commensal bacteria in high HSB consumers may have implications for oral and systemic disease risk.

Association Between Oral Microbiota and Gastrointestinal/Extra-Gastrointestinal Diseases.

Dental clinicians and researchers have recently recommended oral microbial examinations to more accurately diagnose and treat oral diseases, including periodontitis and dental caries. Theoretical and experimental evidence suggests that oral microbiota may also be associated with non-oral diseases, such as gastrointestinal and extra-gastrointestinal diseases. This review highlights studies demonstrating microbial alterations in the oral cavity associated with malignant tumors including gastric, colorectal, esophageal, and lung cancers, implying that these alterations may serve as early indicato…

Gut microbiota mediated T cells regulation and autoimmune diseases.

Gut microbiota regulates the immune system, the development and progression of autoimmune diseases (AIDs) and overall health. Recent studies have played a crucial part in understanding the specific role of different gut bacterial strains and their metabolites in different AIDs. Microbial signatures in AIDs are revealed by advanced sequencing and metabolomics studies. Microbes such as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Akkermansia muciniphila, Anaerostipes caccae, Bacteroides sp., Roseburia sp., Blautia sp., Blautia faecis, Clostridium lavalense, Christensenellaceae sp., Coprococcus sp., Firmicutes …

Cytokine and microbiota profiles in obesity-related hypertension patients.

BACKGROUND: Systemic arterial hypertension is linked to a heightened risk of cardiovascular diseases on a global scale. In Mexico, nearly half of adults in vulnerable conditions experience hypertension. Imbalance in the oral and intestinal microbiota composition has been observed in patients with hypertension, documented by a decrease of bacteria producing short-chain fatty acids, which play a critical role in blood pressure regulation. AIM: To examine the cytokines' profile and assess the characteristics of oral and gut microbiota in obesity-related hypertension in Mexican patients. METHODS…

Oral microbiota distinguishes patients with osteosarcoma from healthy controls.

OBJECTIVE: The human microbiota plays a key role in cancer diagnosis, pathogenesis, and treatment. However, osteosarcoma-associated oral microbiota alterations have not yet been unraveled. The aim of this study was to explore the characteristics of oral microbiota in osteosarcoma patients compared to healthy controls, and to identify potential microbiota as a diagnostic tool for osteosarcoma. METHODS: The oral microbiota was analyzed in osteosarcoma patients (n = 45) and matched healthy controls (n = 90) using 16S rRNA MiSeq sequencing technology. RESULTS: The microbial richness and diversit…

Anthelmintic Treatment Reveals Sex-Dependent Worm-Gut Microbiota Interactions.

Gastrointestinal helminths interact with the gut microbiota in ways that shape microbiota structure and function, but these effects are highly inconsistent across studies. One factor that may help explain variation in parasite-microbiota interactions is host sex since helminths can induce sex-specific changes in feeding behaviour and diet that might cascade to shape gut microbial communities. We tested this idea using an anthelmintic treatment experiment in wild Grant's gazelles (Nanger granti). We found that in males, anthelmintic treatment induced short-term shifts in microbial diversity and…

Causal Relationship Between Gut Microbiota and Leukemia: Future Perspectives.

The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis in the human gastrointestinal tract. Numerous studies have shown a strong association between the gut microbiota and the emergence and progression of various diseases. Leukemia is one of the most common hematologic malignancies. Although standardized protocols and expert consensus have been developed for routine diagnosis and treatment, limitations remain due to individual differences. Nevertheless, a large number of studies have established a link between the gut microbiota and leukemia, with disturbances in the gut microbiota…

Determination of microbiota awareness levels in women planning pregnancy.

OBJECTIVE: It was recently discovered that the microbiota has a significant impact on pregnancy, gynecological, and neonatal health. However, studies indicate that people struggle to understand topics, such as microbiota, microbiome, probiotics, and prebiotics, or comprehend them inaccurately or incompletely. Understanding the human microbiota and probiotics that can regulate the microbiota helps women develop daily habits for both healthy nutrition and health protection. The aim of this study was to assess the microbiota awareness levels of women who are planning pregnancy. METHODS: A cross-…

Microbiota gut-brain axis: implications for pediatric-onset leukodystrophies.

Neurodegenerative disorders are a group of diseases characterized by progressive degeneration of the nervous system, leading to a gradual lo … rative diseases. This narrative review explores the intricate relationship between GI symptoms, Gut Microbiota (GM), and neurodegeneration. Emerging evidence underscores the profound influence of GM on neurological functions via the microbiota gut-brain axis. Animal models have demonstrated alterations in GM composition associated with neuroinflammation and …

Shaping Microbiota During the First 1000 Days of Life.

Given that the host-microbe interaction is shaped by the immune system response, it is important to understand the key immune system-microbiota relationship during the period from conception to the first years of life. The present work summarizes the available evidence concerning human reproductive microbiota, and also, the microbial colonization during early life, focusing on the potential impact on infant development and health outcomes. Furthermore, we conclude that some dietary strategies including specific probiotics and other-biotics could become potentially valuable tools to modulate th…

Peritoneal fluid microbiota profile of patients with deep endometriosis.

Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological disease that affects 10 % of reproductive-aged women and characterized by the presence of endometri … provide valuable insight into the pathogenesis of this disease and can be useful to understand how microbiota and immune system works in endometriosis.

Gut microbiota and autoimmune diseases: Insights from Mendelian randomization.

In recent years, the scientific community has shown interest in the role of gut microbiota in the development of autoimmune diseases (AID). Although observational studies have revealed significant associations between gut microbiota and AID like rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and multiple sclerosis, these connections do not necessarily imply causality. Mendelian randomization (MR) approach has been extensively employed to investigate the causal relationship. Relevant MR study findings indicate that a reduction in beneficial microbial populations, particularly Bifidobacteri…

Autoimmune diseases exhibit shared alterations in the gut microbiota.

OBJECTIVE: Accumulating evidence from microbial studies have highlighted the modulatory roles of intestinal microbes in numerous human disea … use models. CONCLUSION: Our study highlights a strong link between autoimmune diseases and the gut microbiota, with notably consistent microbial alterations compared with that of other diseases, indicating that therapeutic strategies that target the gut microbiome may be transferable across different autoimmune diseases. Functional validation of L. salivari …

Immunoglobulin secretion influences the composition of chicken caecal microbiota.

The chicken caecum is colonised by hundreds of different bacterial species. Which of these are targeted by immunoglobulins and how immunoglobulin expression shapes chicken caecal microbiota has been addressed in this study. Using cell sorting followed by sequencing of V3/V4 variable region of 16S rRNA, bacterial species with increased or decreased immunoglobulin coating were determined. Next, we determined also caecal microbiota composition in immunoglobulin knockout chickens. We found that immunoglobulin coating was common and major taxa were coated with immunoglobulins. Similarly, more taxa …