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Prevalence of Age-Related Macular Degeneration in the US in 2019.

IMPORTANCE: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss and blindness. AMD prevalence has not been estimated for the US in over a decade and early-stage AMD prevalence estimates are scarce and inconsistently measured. OBJECTIVE: To produce estimates of early- and late-stage AMD prevalence overall and by age, gender, race and ethnicity, county, and state. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: The study team conducted a bayesian meta-regression analysis of relevant data sources containing information on the prevalence of AMD among different population groups in the US

Detection of Nonexudative Choroidal Neovascularization and Progression to Exudative Choroidal Neovascularization Using OCT Angiography.

PURPOSE: To detect nonexudative choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) with OCT angiography (OCTA) and determine the risk of exudative CNV developing compared with eyes without nonexudative CNV. DESIGN: Prospective, longitudinal, observational study. PARTICIPANTS: Consecutive patients with drusen and pigmentary changes in the study eye and exudative neovascular AMD in the fellow eye. METHODS: In this prospective observational study, participants underwent spectral-domain OCTA (AngioVue; Optovue, Inc, Fremont, CA), clinical examination, and structural OC

[Optical coherence tomography in Malattia Leventinese].

BACKGROUND: Malattia Leventinese (ML) is a genetically homogeneous macular dystrophy with an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. Ophthalmoscopically it is recognisable by a radial pattern of drusen-like deposits in the macula and by parapapillary deposits, named Forni's verrucosities. The aim of this study is to describe optical coherence tomographic (OCT) findings and to compare them with histological data. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Six patients underwent ophthalmological examination, angiography and OCT. Diagnosis was confirmed by genetic analysis of the R345W mutation. A histopathological

Association between the ARMS2 rs10490924 risk genotype and dry-age related macular degeneration patients with and without reticular pseudodrusen in a Turkish population: findings from a study conducted at a tertiary clinic.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the relationship between the presence of reticular pseudodrusen (RPD) and the risk allele of ARMS2 rs10490924 variation in dry-AMD patients by using multimodal imaging. Also, to compare patients with and without RPD and healthy volunteers according to the distribution of the risk allele. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, dry-AMD patients with (Group A, n = 50) and without (Group B, n = 50) RPD and healthy volunteers (Group C, n = 50) were enrolled. After detailed ophthalmologic examination, confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope (Heidelberg, Germany) was used to acq

Prevalence, Risk, and Genetic Association of Reticular Pseudodrusen in Age-related Macular Degeneration: Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 Report 21.

PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence of reticular pseudodrusen (RPD) in eyes with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), assess the role of RPD as an independent risk factor for late AMD development, and evaluate genetic association with RPD. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. PARTICIPANTS: Participants with intermediate AMD in 1 or both eyes enrolled in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 (AREDS2), a 5-year multicenter study of nutritional supplement. METHODS: Fundus autofluorescence (FAF) images from a subset of AREDS2 participants were evaluated at annual visits for presence of RPD. Six

COINCIDENCE OF IDIOPATHIC INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION AND LEBER HEREDITARY OPTIC NEUROPATHY. A CASE REPORT.

GOAL: This paper describes a case of a long-term monitoring of a patient with optic nerve swelling on the ocular background (papilledema), accompanied by symptoms of intracranial hypertension, on whom a genetic examination was performed as part of differential diagnosis, confirming Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy with the m.3460G>A mutation. Casuistry: During the examination of a 5-year-old patient after an alleged head injury at a bouncy castle, an optic nerve papilla with unclear boundaries was described on the ocular background of both eyes. Neurological examination, including brain Ma

Response to photodynamic therapy combined with intravitreal aflibercept for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy depending on fellow-eye condition:2-year results.

We investigated whether response to photodynamic therapy (PDT) with intravitreal aflibercept injection (IAI) for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) differs depending on fellow eye condition. A retrospective review was conducted for consecutive 60 eyes with PCV treated with PDT combined with IAI as well as 2-years of follow-up data. Fellow eyes were divided into 4 groups; Group 0: no drusen, Group 1; pachydrusen, Group 2; soft drusen, Group 3: PCV/fibrovascular scarring. Best-corrected visual acuity improved at 24-months irrespective of groups and there were no significant differences in v

Association of Dietary Nitrate and a Mediterranean Diet With Age-Related Macular Degeneration Among US Adults: The Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) and AREDS2.

IMPORTANCE: Low dietary nitrate intake has previously been suggested to be a risk factor for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) progression; however, this finding has not been replicated in other cohorts or adjusted for dietary patterns. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether there is an association between dietary nitrate intake and AMD progression. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study analyzed data from the prospective Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) and AREDS2 randomized clinical trial cohorts and their extended follow-up studies, which were conducted in multicenter out

Association of reticular pseudodrusen burden and dark adaptation in non-advanced age-related macular degeneration: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study.

PURPOSE: Dark adaptation (DA) has emerged as a potential functional outcome for assessing age-related macular degeneration (AMD). While reticular pseudodrusen (RPD) have been linked to poorer DA, most studies to date have focused on qualitative RPD presence/absence or comprised small cross-sectional cohorts. This work aimed to assess how automated quantification of RPD area and volume relates to rod-mediated DA and its longitudinal decline in non-advanced AMD. DESIGN: Prospective cross-sectional and longitudinal study. PARTICIPANTS: Patients with non-advanced AMD and controls, all aged above

Indocyanine green angiography in chorioretinal diseases: indications and interpretation: an evidence-based update.

UNLABELLED: TOPIC/PURPOSE: To assess the clinical usefulness and relevance of indocyanine green angiography (ICG) in the investigation of chorioretinal disorders and assess specifically in what conditions it may add useful information to that obtained using standard fluorescein angiography. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Many publications on ICG have appeared in recent years touting its use in ophthalmology. These publications have led to increasing use of this technique and to its application in numerous retinal diseases in which the fluorescein angiographic findings have been thoroughly described. ME

HTRA1/lncRNA HTRA1-AS1 dominates in age-related macular degeneration reticular pseudodrusen genetic risk with no complement involvement.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multifactorial retinal disease with a large genetic risk contribution. Reticular pseudodrusen (RPD) is a sub-phenotype of AMD with a high risk of progression to late vision threatening AMD. In a genome-wide association study of 2165 AMD+/RPD+ and 4181 AMD+/RPD- compared to 7639 control participants, both chromosomes 1 (CFH) and 10 (ARMS2/HTRA1) major AMD risk loci are reidentified. However association is only detected for the chromosome 10 locus when comparing AMD+/RPD+ to AMD+/RPD- cases. The chromosome 1 locus is notably absent. The chromosome 10 R

Markers of inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction and the 20-year cumulative incidence of early age-related macular degeneration: the Beaver Dam Eye Study.

IMPORTANCE Modifying levels of factors associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) may decrease the risk for visual impairment in older persons. OBJECTIVE To examine the relationships of markers of inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction to the 20-year cumulative incidence of early AMD. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This longitudinal population-based cohort study involved a random sample of 975 persons in the Beaver Dam Eye Study without signs of AMD who participated in the baseline examination in 1988-1990 and up to 4 follow-up examinations in 1993-1995, 199

Ocular complications with the use of radium-223: a case series.

BackgroundRadium-223 is used for the treatment of osseous metastases in castrate-resistant prostate cancer, and has been shown to increase time to the first skeletal-related event, reduce the rate of hospitalization, and improve quality of life. It is well tolerated, with hematologic toxicity as the main adverse event. Thus far, no ocular complication has been reported in the literature after initial administration of radium-223 with a single case reported of ocular complications after a patient's second course of radium-223.Case presentationsWe present three cases of ocular complications afte

Ocular Signs and Ocular Comorbidities in Monoclonal Gammopathy: Analysis of 80 Subjects.

PURPOSE: To examine the ocular signs of monoclonal gammopathy and to evaluate ocular comorbidities in subjects with monoclonal gammopathy. Patients and Methods. We analyzed patients from two large referral hematology centers in Budapest, diagnosed and/or treated with monoclonal gammopathy between 1997 and 2020. As a control group, randomly selected individuals of the same age group, without hematological disease, have been included. There were 160 eyes of 80 patients (38.75% males; age 67.61 ± 10.48 (range: 38-85) years) with monoclonal gammopathy and 86 eyes of 43 control subjects (32.56% mal

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… Between ophthalmological findings of control subjects, there was ocular surface disease in 32 (37.21%), cataract in 17 (19.77%), macular or retinal drusen in 16 (18.60%), chronic blepharitis in 16 (18.60%), no ophthalmic disease in 14 (16.28%), previous cataract surgery in 12 (13.95%), Meibomian gland … Although there was AMD in 7.5% of our gammopathy subjects and none in our control subjects, the percentage of macular or retinal drusen did not differ between both groups with 11.25% vs. 18.6%. This needs further analysis. …

Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Therapeutic Management and New-Upcoming Approaches.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) constitutes a prevalent, chronic, and progressive retinal degenerative disease of the macula that affects elderly people and cause central vision impairment. Despite therapeutic advances in the management of neovascular AMD, none of the currently used treatments cures the disease or reverses its course. Medical treatment of neovascular AMD experienced a significant advance due to the introduction of vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors (anti-VEGF), which dramatically changed the prognosis of the disease. However, although anti-VEGF therapy has be

AI-assisted diagnosis of neuro-ophthalmic disorders: a systematic review from optic neuritis to papilledema.

BACKGROUND: Neuro-ophthalmic disorders like optic neuritis and papilledema are diagnostically challenging, with non-specific symptoms and reliance on expert interpretation of optic nerve head imaging (Liu TYA et al. J Neuroophthalmol. 41(3):368–74, 2021). Misdiagnosis can lead to severe consequences, including irreversible vision loss or failure to detect life-threatening conditions. Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly deep learning (DL), shows promise but its application in this nuanced field is not well-defined. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review evaluates the current state of AI in di

Risk factors for cortical, nuclear, posterior subcapsular, and mixed lens opacities: the Los Angeles Latino Eye Study.

PURPOSE: To identify sociodemographic and biological risk factors associated with having cortical, nuclear, posterior subcapsular (PSC), and mixed lens opacities. DESIGN: Population-based, cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 5945 Latinos aged ≥ 40 years from 6 census tracts in Los Angeles, California. METHODS: Participants underwent an interview and detailed eye examination, including best-corrected visual acuity and slit-lamp assessment of lens opacities using the Lens Opacities Classification System II. Univariate and stepwise logistic regression analyses were used to identify

Optical coherence tomography for age-related macular degeneration and diabetic macular edema: an evidence-based analysis.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this evidence-based review was to examine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of spectral-domain (SD) optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the diagnosis and monitoring of patients with retinal disease, specifically age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic macular edema (DME). Specifically, the research question addressed was: What is the sensitivity and specificity of spectral domain OCT relative to the gold standard? CLINICAL NEED: TARGET POPULATION AND CONDITION The incidence of blindness has been increasing worldwide. In Canada, vision loss in tho

Диагностическая точность межглазой разницы только в слое ячеек для определения оптического неврита при множественном склерозе.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Критерии Макдональда 2024 года для диагностики множественного склероза (МС) включают в себя оптическое нервы в качестве пятого региона для обеспечения распространения в космосе. Оптический нейрит (ON) может быть обнаружен с помощью оптической последовательности томографии (OCT) с использованием межглазой абсолютной или процентной разницы (IEAD, IEPD) в толщине ганглионного клеточного плексиформного слоя (GCIPL). ЦЕЛЬ: Сопоставление диагностической точности ГКИПЛ МЭАД/ЙЕДП с ГЦЛ и ИПЛ МЭАД/ЕИПД только для выявления истории ВН. МЕТОДЫ: Это перекрестное ретроспективное исследование охва