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Establishment of inbred strains of chicken and Japanese quail and their potential as animal models.

We started establishing inbred strains of chicken and Japanese quail in 1970. In class Aves, full sib mating is highly difficult due to inbreeding depression. In the chicken, we attempted to establish some inbred strains in three breeds, Black Minorca, White Leghorn and Fayoumi by fixing all the characters that differentiate individuals homozygously. In this paper, we describe some marker genes and characters fixed in the inbred strains of chicken and Japanese quail as well as a calculation of a putative coefficient of inbreeding in 8 chicken inbred strains using band sharing values detected b

Pigeon breeders' disease: quantitative immunoelectrophoretic studies of pigeon bloom antigen.

This study employed quantitative immunoelectrophoretic techniques, on sera from confirmed cases of pigeon breeders' disease (PBD), to investigate the antigenicity of a pigeon bloom extract, implicated as a sensitizing agent in this disease. On crossed immunoelectrophoresis the maximum number of antigenic components identified was 29 for the bloom compared to 10 for pigeon serum. A major component was shown to be closely related to pigeon IgA, and demonstrated partial crossreactivity to the pigeon IgG. This component also showed identity with the major component of a pigeon droppings extract, c

Pheasant rearing: associated husbandry and disease problems.

Pheasants are semi-wild and difficult to handle, especially in large numbers. At least seven million birds are now reared annually during a relatively short season, frequently for shoots where the owners have little or no knowledge of animal husbandry. The nutritional requirements are not accurately known. Hatchability and hygiene problems result from dirty eggs, inadequate egg storage and poor egg handling. Husbandry deficiencies contribute to major losses which include failure of feed and water intake especially during the first few days of life, cannibalism and feather loss with subsequent

Decay length of slow magnetoacoustic waves in the solar corona using SDO/AIA and SolO/EUI-HRIEUV.

Slow magnetoacoustic waves have been observed in the solar corona for decades; yet, existing theories do not fully explain the wide range of observed decay lengths, and measurements from different instruments frequently disagree. We present two events with simultaneous Solar Dynamics Observatory/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (SDO/AIA) and Solar Orbiter/EUI-HRIEUV observations of slow waves in sunspot-anchored coronal fan feathers. In Event 1, the lines of sight (LoS) are separated by 16.2∘, while in Event 2, they are almost parallel. Using time-distance analysis, we identify waves with periods …

Structure and composition of prey remains of Cinereous Vultures (Aegypius monachus) from an adaptation aviary in Bulgaria.

This article presents the results of a study on the shape and composition of Cinereous vulture (Aegypius monachus) pellets. A total of 501 p … s consisted of fur and skin - as the highest percentage, stomach contents, bones, hooves, horns and feathers from vultures, while the non-nutritional residues consisted mainly of stones and sticks - as the most significant percentage, leaves, construction foam and plastic (sisal and cord).

High Ectoparasite Loads of Tropical Birds: Chewing Lice on Puerto Rican American Kestrels (Falco sparverius caribaearum).

Ectoparasite loads of birds may be governed, in part, by the climatic characteristics of their environment. We surveyed live-trapped America … e plumage of 39 captured birds was followed by careful examination of the underside of wing primary feathers under a dissecting microscope. Two species of lice were collected, Colpocephalum subzerafae and Degeeriella carruthi, neither previously recorded from kestrels in Puerto Rico. The same two species are present on kestrels in the Bahamas. The prevalen …

High mortality in a commercial turkey flock associated with coinfection by Pasteurella multocida and Mycoplasmoides (Mycoplasma) gallisepticum.

Six 11-wk-old, commercial, Broad-Breasted White, meat turkeys were submitted to the Turlock branch of the California Animal Health & Food Safety (CAHFS) laboratory for autopsy and diagnostic work-up. Clinical signs in the turkeys of the affected flock included depression, ruffled feathers, swollen periorbital areas, rales, and sneezing. A mortality of 50% (5,000 of 10,000) was reported at the time of case submission. Flock morbidity was 100% by 12 wk of age, and mortality eventually exceeded 90%. Fibrinous pleuropneumonia, airsacculitis, increased luminal mucoid exudate in the nasal cavities a…

Crop effect and mechanism of amino acid-modified biomass ash in remediation of cadmium-contaminated soil.

Lignocellulosic biomass ash (BA) has certain adsorption and passivation effects on heavy metals, but its function is generally weak. Amino acid salt can facilitate the leaching of heavy metals in soil. Therefore, modification of BA with amino acid salt may realize a higher leaching rate and better passivation of heavy metals in soil. In this study, BA was modified by amino acid hydrolysate obtained from the hydrolysis of chicken feathers by sulfuric acid. The physicochemical properties of BA and modified BA (MBA), their effects on Chinese cabbage (CC) yield and nutritional quality, and passiva…

Порождаемые фаулой аденовирусы различные проявления заболевания в двух последовательно разведенных куриных стадах в курятнике.

В ходе этого исследования была изучена инфекция аденовируса в двух последовательно размножающихся стадах в одной и той же курятнике. Тридцать шесть тысяч однодневных кур из гибридного бройлера ROSS 308 хранились вместе в одном зале. Цыплята первого размножающегося стада во время откормки не имели никаких клинических признаков заболевания или повышения смертности. Типичные клинические признаки аденовирусной инфекции были замечены во втором размножающемся стаде. К числу признаков относятся: депрессия, апатия, сомненность, погруженное положение с сломанной головой, нечеткие перья, анемичные расче

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
This study investigated an adenovirus infection in two consecutive breeding flocks in the same poultry hall. Thirty-six thousand one-day-old … . The signs included: depression, apathy, somnolence, a crouched position with a droopy head, fuzzy feathers, anaemic combs and wattles, sporadic nervous signs, and reduced weight gain. Increased mortality was recorded from 18 to 25 days of age, the higher mortality rate resulted from dehydration and exhaustion. The surviving chickens showed growth slightl …

Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in canaries (Serinus canaria Domestica): a case report.

BACKGROUND: Klebsiella pneumoniae can cause high mortality in birds. In recent years, small farming of canaries has been developed in Iran and infectious diseases are the main obstacle in the progress of these occupations which increases the importance of identification of pathogenic bacterial agents. CASE DESCRIPTION: A flock with 250 one-year-old canaries presented a history of anorexia, lethargy, mild diarrhea, and approximately 30% mortality. Physical examination revealed that the birds were severely debilitated, cachectic, dehydrated with ruffled feathers, and wet discolored stool around…

Curcumin Alleviates Arsenic Trioxide-Induced Inflammation and Pyroptosis via the NF-κB/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway in the Hypothalamus of Ducks.

Arsenic (As) as a neurotoxic environmental pollutant has attracted extensive attention. Curcumin (Cur) is a natural antioxidant that shows an excellent protective effect against arsenic trioxide (ATO)-induced toxicity in many animal organs. However, the mechanism of Cur against ATO-induced hypothalamic toxicity in ducks has not yet been fully elucidated. Here, ducks were treated with ATO and/or Cur during 28 days; the results showed that ATO exposure induced growth retardation, messy feathers, and abnormal posture in ducks. Moreover, ATO caused neuron vacuolar degeneration and disintegration i…

Phosphine poisoning in free-range local chickens: a case report.

Phosphine poisoning is rarely reported in poultry, and its diagnosis is a great challenge for veterinary toxicologists and pathologists. A case of phosphine toxicosis in local, free range chickens is reported. Fourteen dead chickens (age ≥6 months old) were presented to the veterinary clinic for necropsy. The history revealed that the chickens were normally fed with guinea corn grains, but were suspected to have been fed boiled rice laced with poison. The clinical signs observed were ruffled feathers, somnolence, anorexia and high mortality. The disease ran a 2-day course with mortality patter…

Occupational exposure to poultry dust and effects on the respiratory system in workers.

Farmers are occupationally exposed to many respiratory hazards at work and display higher rates of asthma and respiratory symptoms than other workers. Dust is one of the components present in poultry production that increases risk of adverse respiratory disease occurrence. Dust originates from poultry residues, molds, and feathers and is biologically active as it contains microorganisms. Exposure to dust is known to produce a variety of clinical responses, including asthma, chronic bronchitis, chronic airways obstructive disease (COPD), allergic alveolitis, and organic dust toxic syndrome (ODT…

[Sensitivity to animals' allergens in people working with animals].

BACKGROUND: Animals with fur or feathers can induce IgE-mediated reactions. From 10 to 30% of workers in laboratory animals may develop allergic symptoms by exposing to them. OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of sensitization to animal allergens extracts in workers of the Bioterio of the Autonomous University of Puebla. MATERIAL AND METHODS: It is an observational, transversal and descriptive study, 29 subjects with animal-related professional activities were included. We performed a standardized clinical history and applied skin prick tests with allergen extracts of rat, mouse, guinea p…

Skin prick test response to enzyme enolase of the baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) in diagnosis of respiratory allergy.

BACKGROUND: Paediatric femoral neck nonunion is uncommon but notoriously difficult to treat because of shear forces across the fracture line and the tenuous blood supply to the femoral head. Although vascularised or non-vascularised fibular strut grafting is classically recommended, valgus intertrochanteric osteotomy (VITO) alone realigns mechanical forces and may obviate the need for grafts. When the nonunion coexists with established avascular necrosis (AVN), the decision is even more controversial. We present a single-centre series of children treated with stand-alone VITO, i.e. without any

Animal health risks associated with ostrich products.

Five diseases recorded in ostriches are regarded as posing a potential animal health threat to meat-importing countries. Newcastle disease causes an atypically low mortality in ostriches: infected birds display typical nervous symptoms but no pathognomonic lesions which could be detected during post-mortem inspection. The vaccination of feedlot birds and a thorough ante-mortem examination are regarded as necessary precautions to ensure virus carriers are not among those animals destined for slaughter and subsequent export. Avian influenza produces clinical depression and lesions can be detecte

Targeted pathway mining reveals novel modified hexapeptides from the demiguisin family.

Following the discovery of the piperazic acid (Piz)-containing hexapeptide demiguisin A from a toxic bird-associated Amycolatopsis strain, we aimed to investigate the structural diversity and bioactive potential of this natural product family. Here, we used the dmg biosynthetic gene cluster from Amycolatopsis sp. PS_44_ISF1 as a pathway mining probe to search for alternative demiguisin A producers. A global search identified only one other soil-derived Amycolatopsis sp. NBC_01488, encoding a highly syntenic pathway. Under feather-mimicking conditions, PS_44_ISF1 demonstrated enhanced growth an

MULTIMODAL IMAGING OF A CASE OF INTRARETINAL SILICONE OIL IN AN EYE WITH RETINOCHOROIDAL COLOBOMA: INSIGHTS INTO POSSIBLE ROUTES OF MIGRATION.

PURPOSE: We report multimodal imaging of intraretinal silicone oil in a case operated for coloboma-associated retinal detachment and provide imaging-based anatomical insights of the route on entry of intraretinal emulsified silicone oil droplets. METHOD: A 19-year-old man presented with gradual onset diminution of vision in the right eye for several years with worsening for 1 month. The patient was evaluated with examination, multimodal imaging, including fundus photography, optical coherence tomography, multicolor imaging, and green reflectance imaging. RESULT: The right eye showed large in

Textured Ionic Skin via Nonequilibrium Growth for Highly Sensitive Tactile Sensing and Contour Recognition.

Human fingertips can accurately discern an object's shape and mass, thanks to their unique fingerprint ridge textures and graded modulus structure. However, replicating fingerprint-like tactile capabilities in artificial skin has been challenging due to the difficulty in balancing fine texture and sensitivity. Herein, we report a bioinspired electronic skin developed through a nonequilibrium ionic Liesegang ring growth process. The resulting hydrogel-based ionic skin features periodic fingerprint-like microstructures embedded within a soft matrix, yielding a low elastic modulus, high sensitivi

Molecular assessment of Chlamydia psittaci and Circovirus in psittacines from a CETAS in Bahia, Brazil.

Mistreatment and unsanitary conditions to which trafficked animals are subjected provide an environment conducive to the proliferation and dissemination of pathogens. The Centros de Triagem de Animais Silvestres (CETAS - Wild Animal Screening Centers), which receive trafficked animals, aim to release them back into the wild, thus making the investigation of pathogens essential. The objective of this study was to conduct an epidemiological study of infections by Chlamydia psittaci and Circovirus in psittacines from wildlife trafficking housed at a CETAS in Bahia. Cloacal swab and blood samples