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Effects of Obesity and Calorie Restriction on Cancer Development.

The risk of malignant tumor development is increasing in the world. Obesity is an established risk factor for various malignancies. There are many metabolic alterations associated with obesity which promote cancerogenesis. Excessive body weight leads to increased levels of estrogens, chronic inflammation and hypoxia, which can play an important role in the development of malignancies. It is proved that calorie restriction can improve the state of patients with various diseases. Decreased calorie uptake influences lipid, carbohydrate and protein metabolism, hormone levels and cell processes. Ma

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… Perinatal diet influences health and survival in a mouse model of leukemia Geroscience 2020 42 1147 1155 10.1007/s11357-020-00199-9 32394346 PMC7394991 110. Morioka T. Yamazaki S. Yanagihara H. Sunaoshi M. Kaminishi M. Kakinuma S. …

Взаимосвязь между моторными и когнитивными характеристиками и кортикальной активностью у пациентов с множественным склерозом: систематический обзор функциональных почти инфракрасных спектроскопических исследований.

Цель настоящего обзора заключалась в изучении взаимосвязи между характеристиками двигателя/когнитива и корковой активностью у лиц с множественным склерозом (МС) в условиях одноразового и двойного назначения с использованием функциональной почти инфракрасной спектроскопии (FNIRS). МЕТОДЫ: Обзор был предварительно зарегистрирован в рамках ПРОСПЕРО (CRD420261402862) и проводился в соответствии с протоколом PRISMA. На систематической основе проводились обыски в библиотеке " Пубмед " , " Кокрейн " и " Web of Science " ; 18 для решения проблем, связанных с four ключевые

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… Geroscience . ( 2024 ) 46 ( 3 ): 3169 – 84 . 10.1007/s11357-023-01054-3 38221528 PMC11009168 35. Broscheid K-C Behrens M Dettmers C Jöbges M Schega L . Effects of a 6-min treadmill walking test on dual-task gait performance and prefrontal hemodynamics in people with multiple sclerosis . …

Artificial Intelligence in the Management of Hereditary and Acquired Hemophilia: From Genomics to Treatment Optimization.

Hemophilia, an X-linked bleeding disorder, is characterized by a deficiency in coagulation factors. It manifests as spontaneous bleeding, leading to severe complications if not properly managed. In contrast, acquired hemophilia is an autoimmune condition marked by the development of inhibitory antibodies against coagulation factors. Both forms present significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, highlighting the need for advanced genetic, molecular, laboratory, and clinical assessments. Recent advances in artificial intelligence have opened new avenues for the management of hemophilia. M

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… Geroscience. 2025;47:503–514. doi: 10.1007/s11357-024-01317-7. 29. Zdziarska J., Musiał J. Acquired hemophilia A: An underdiagnosed, severe bleeding disorder. Pol. Arch. Med. Wewn. 2014;124:200–206. doi: 10.20452/pamw.2192. 30. Green D., Lechner K. …

Obesity, Bariatric Surgery, and Cancer Risk: Nutritional Perspectives and Long-Term Clinical Implications.

Obesity is recognized as a causal risk factor for the development of multiple cancers, with risk magnitude varying by tumor site, sex, life stage, and adipose tissue distribution. This narrative review synthesizes recent epidemiological evidence linking excess body fatness with cancer incidence and mortality and integrates the biological mechanisms that explain this association. Chronic low-grade inflammation, insulin resistance with compensatory hyperinsulinemia, dysregulation of adipose-derived hormones and sex steroids, impairment of anti-tumor immune responses, alterations in the gut micro

Seeing through "brain fog": neuroimaging assessment and imaging biomarkers for cancer-related cognitive impairments.

Advances in cancer diagnosis and treatment have substantially improved patient outcomes and survival in recent years. However, up to 75% of cancer patients and survivors, including those with non-central nervous system (non-CNS) cancers, suffer from "brain fog" or impairments in cognitive functions such as attention, memory, learning, and decision-making. While we recognize the impact of cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI), we have not fully investigated and understood the causes, mechanisms and interplays of various involving factors. Consequently, there are unmet needs in clinical onc

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… Geroscience. 2018;40(3):325–36. 124. Vera P, Rohrlich P, Stievenart JL, Elmaleh M, Duval M, Bonnin F, et al. Contribution of single-photon emission computed tomography in the diagnosis and follow-up of CNS toxicity of a cytarabine-containing regimen in pediatric leukemia. …

Rejuvenation Strategy for Inducing and Enhancing Autoimmune Response to Eliminate Senescent Cells.

The process of aging, which involves progressive changes in the body over time, is closely associated with the development of age-related diseases. Cellular senescence is a pivotal hallmark and mechanism of the aging process. The accumulation of senescent cells can significantly contribute to the onset of age-related diseases, thereby compromising overall health. Conversely, the elimination of senescent cells enhances the body's regenerative and reparative capacity, thereby retarding the aging process. Here, we present a brief overview of 12 Hallmarks of aging and subsequently emphasize the po

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… These mechanisms may seem isolated, but the Geroscience Hypothesis suggests that aging mechanisms can progress in concert and may be root-cause contributors to multiple diseases. This suggests that targeting senescent cells tends to weaken other underlying aging mechanisms [ 1 ]. …

Машинное обучение выявляет микробиомы и клинические прогнозы устойчивой потери веса после продолжительного поста.

Длительное постирование может улучшить метаболическое здоровье, однако контролируемые данные по здоровым взрослым с более длительным последующим наблюдением и многомерным профилированием ограничены. Мы расследовали немедленное и 12-week ПОСЛЕДУЮЩИЕ ПОСЛЕДУЮЩИЕ ПОСЛЕДСТВИЯ 5-day Быстрое вмешательство в состав тела, кишечный микробиом и циркулирующие и фекальные метаболиты, а также оценка того, прогнозируют ли базовые характеристики индивидуальные реакции на потерю веса. В ходе случайного, контролируемого списка ожидания, 38 здоровые взрослые 5-day быстрого вмешательства с помощью 12-week :: пос

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… Geroscience. 2020;42:667–86. 10.1007/s11357-020-00156-6. 33. Gao Y, Tsintzas K, Macdonald IA, Cordon SM, Taylor MA. Effects of intermittent (5:2) or continuous energy restriction on basal and postprandial metabolism: a randomised study in normal-weight, young participants. …

Frailty in Aging and the Search for the Optimal Biomarker: A Review.

In the context of accelerated aging of the population worldwide, frailty has emerged as one of the main risk factors that can lead to loss of self-sufficiency in older people. This syndrome is defined as a reduced state of physiological reserve and functional capacity. The main diagnostic tools for frailty are based on scales that show deficits compared to their clinical application, such as the Fried frailty phenotype, among others. In this context, it is important to have one or more biomarkers with clinical applicability that can objectively and precisely determine the degree or risk of fra

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… Liver frailty and all-cause mortality in the older participants of the Salus in Apulia Study GeroScience 2022 44 835 845 10.1007/s11357-021-00434-x 34378088 PMC9135911 24. Zupo R. Castellana F. Bortone I. Griseta C. Sardone R. Lampignano L. Lozupone M. Solfrizzi V. Castellana M. Giannelli G. …

Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells as Living Therapeutics Targeting Senescence and Age-Related Diseases.

The aging of the global population exacerbates the burden of age-related diseases; however, therapies that can intervene in fundamental aging processes are lacking. Senescent cells drive chronic inflammation and multitissue dysfunction through the secretion of proinflammatory and profibrotic senescence-associated secretory phenotype cells, making them emerging therapeutic targets. Although first-generation senolytic drugs have entered clinical trials, they face limitations such as insufficient targeting specificity and transient efficacy. The success of chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR T

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… GeroScience . 2026 ; 48 ( 2 ): 2013 – 2027 . 41102476 10.1007/s11357-025-01903-3 PMC12972427 104. Rule AD , Amer H , Cornell LD , Taler SJ , Cosio FG , Kremers WK , Textor SC , Stegall MD . The association between age and nephrosclerosis on renal biopsy among healthy adults . …

Воздействие совместных мероприятий на популяризацию пожилых людей: систематический обзор и метаанализ.

Справочная информация/задачи: Сочетание учений с когнитивной подготовкой (комбинированное вмешательство) является стратегией борьбы с обусловленным возрастом когнитивным упадком; однако по-прежнему не ясно, какой из наиболее оптимальных видов упражнений необходим для максимального повышения нейрозащитного воздействия комбинированного вмешательства. Таким образом, цель этого систематического обзора и метаанализа (СРПД) состояла в том, чтобы сопоставить воздействие комбинированных мероприятий (активизация плюс когнитивная подготовка) с воздействием только физических упражнений на когнитивную фун

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… GeroScience. 2023;46:1825–1841. doi: 10.1007/s11357-023-00952-w. 64. Uysal I., Basar S., Aysel S., Kalafat D., Büyüksünnetçi A.O. …

Deciphering transcriptomic changes in chemobrain: a comprehensive review.

Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairments (CICI), colloquially known as "chemobrain," represents a profound and debilitating side effect experienced by a significant number of cancer survivors, impacting their memory, multitasking, and quality of life. This review critically evaluates the molecular mechanisms underlying CICI, with a particular focus on the insights gained from transcriptomic analyses. As cancer incidence rises globally, understanding the complex interplay between chemotherapy agents and their cognitive repercussions becomes increasingly vital. Key mechanisms implicated in CIC

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… GeroScience. 1–15 75. Liang L, Wei J, Tian L, Nagendra BVP, Gao F, Zhang J, Xu L, Wang H, Huo F-Q (2020) Paclitaxel induces sex-biased behavioral deficits and changes in gene expression in mouse prefrontal cortex. Neuroscience 426:168–178 76. …

Eukaryotic initiation factors: central factor associating mRNA translational plasticity during neuropathic pain progression.

Neuropathic pain causes plasticity in the nervous system, which is often associated with altered protein synthesis. Proteins are the key executors of cellular functions, and their alteration is closely related to the occurrence of neuropathic pain. Protein synthesis is a finely regulated process involving the interaction of multiple biomolecules. Among them, the eukaryotic translation initiation factors (eIFs) are a group of key regulatory proteins that control the initiation phase of protein translation and thus influence the rate and type of protein synthesis. Recent studies have shown that

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… GeroScience . ( 2020 ) 42 : 1663 – 74 . doi: 10.1007/s11357-020-00220-1 , PMID: 32613493 PMC7732936 25. Huang L Sharma D Feng X Pan Z Wu S Munoz D . RALY participates in nerve trauma-induced nociceptive hypersensitivity through triggering Eif 4g2 gene expression in primary sensory neurons . …

Exploring the Complexity and Promise of Tumor Immunotherapy in Drug Development.

Cancer represents a significant threat to human health, and traditional chemotherapy or cytotoxic therapy is no longer the sole or preferred approach for managing malignant tumors. With advanced research into the immunogenicity of tumor cells and the growing elderly population, tumor immunotherapy has emerged as a prominent therapeutic option. Its significance in treating elderly cancer patients is increasingly recognized. In this study, we review the conceptual classifications and benefits of immunotherapy, and discuss recent developments in new drugs and clinical progress in cancer treatment

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… Geroscience: Linking aging to chronic disease Cell 2014 159 709 713 10.1016/j.cell.2014.10.039 25417146 PMC4852871 144. Shalapour S. Karin M. Pas de Deux: Control of Anti-tumor Immunity by Cancer-Associated Inflammation Immunity 2019 51 15 26 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.06.021 31315033 PMC6640850 145. …

Sarcopenia in Older Adults with Hematologic Malignancies: A Comprehensive Review of Epidemiology, Prognosis, and Interventions.

Hematologic malignancies, including leukemias, lymphomas, and multiple myeloma, are diseases of older adults (age ≥ 60 years). Treatment decisions in older adults with cancer are heavily influenced by patient fitness: the ability of an individual patient to tolerate the off-target effects of anti-cancer therapy. Sarcopenia, defined as low muscle mass and strength, is increasingly recognized as an important marker of fitness. Furthermore, sarcopenia is known to be modifiable with nutrition and exercise interventions in older adults without cancer, but such evidence is limited for patients with

Unraveling the mechanisms of bone diseases: targeting dendritic cells in osteoimmunology for internal homeostasis balance.

Bone repair and regeneration is a complex spatiotemporal process recruiting a variety of cell types, which need to precisely mediated for effective healing post-damage. The concept of osteoimmunology emphasizes the extensive and intricate crosstalk between the bone and the immune system. Despite the significant advancements in understanding osteoimmunology, the precise role of dendritic cells (DCs) in this field remains under investigation. As key antigen-presenting cells, DCs are critical in orchestrating adaptive immune responses and maintaining tissue homeostasis. Recent researches have fur

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… Geroscience 46 , 3695–3709 (2024) 60. Hajishengallis, G. & Lamont, R. J. Polymicrobial communities in periodontal disease: Their quasi-organismal nature and dialogue with the host. Periodontology 86 , 210–230 (2021). 61. Pulendran, B. et al. …

Current State and Future Challenges for PI3K Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy.

The phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (PKB/AKT)-mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) axis is a key signal transduction system that links oncogenes and multiple receptor classes which are involved in many essential cellular functions. Aberrant PI3K signalling is one of the most commonly mutated pathways in cancer. Consequently, more than 40 compounds targeting key components of this signalling network have been tested in clinical trials among various types of cancer. As the oncogenic activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway often occurs alongside mutations in other signalling

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… Acknowledgments This work was partly supported by “Ricerca Corrente”, by the Italian Ministry of Health within the research line "Precision, gender and ethnicity-based medicine and geroscience: genetic-molecular mechanisms in the development, characterization”. …

Chronic Psychological Stress in Oncogenesis: Multisystem Crosstalk and Multimodal Interventions.

Malignant tumors constitute a major global public health burden. Chronic psychological stress (CPS) manifests as sustained dysregulation arising from prolonged adaptive responses to chronic endogenous and exogenous stimuli. Clinical evidence indicates that CPS markedly influences cancer progression, with most oncology patients developing detectable stress-related psychological disorders during disease management. This review synthesizes recent advances in understanding CPS-mediated oncogenic mechanisms and evaluates current intervention approaches. Mechanistically, CPS compromises immune surve

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… Geroscience. 2025; 10.1007/s11357-025-01676-9. 26. Oh TK, Park HY, Song IA. Association between preoperative psychiatric morbidities and mortality after oncologic surgery: A nationwide cohort study from 2002 to 2019 in South Korea. J Pers Med. 2023;13(7):1069. 27. …

Targeting neuroinflammation: 3-monothiopomalidomide a new drug candidate to mitigate traumatic brain injury and neurodegeneration.

BACKGROUND: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a major risk factor for neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), with neuroinflammation playing a critical role in the secondary cell death that exacerbates the initial injury. While targeting neuroinflammation holds significant therapeutic promise, clinical trials of available anti-inflammatory agents have fallen short. 3-Mono-thiopomalidomide (3-MP), a novel immunomodulatory imide drug (IMiD), was designed to curb inflammation without the adverse effects of traditional IMiDs and was evaluated across

Chronic stress and myeloid immunosuppression in cancer: A neuroimmune link to behavioral dysfunction.

Cancer progression is profoundly influenced by the complex interplay between the tumor microenvironment (TME), the immune system, and the patient's psychological state. This review delineates a critical pathway linking chronic stress to worsened cancer outcomes through inflammatory factors, anti-tumor immune suppression, and the induction of behavioral comorbidities. We postulate that sustained stress hormone signaling via the sympathetic nervous system and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation orchestrates a systemic immunosuppressive cascade. A central mechanism is the stress-induce

Resveratrol: Molecular Mechanisms, Health Benefits, and Potential Adverse Effects.

Resveratrol (RES), a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound, has garnered significant attention due to its diverse biological activities, which include anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiaging properties. This review synthesizes current evidence concerning the molecular mechanisms, therapeutic efficacy, and safety profile of RES across a variety of pathologies, with an emphasis on the latest research conducted in recent years. Mechanistically, RES is known to modulate critical signaling pathways such as the activation of sirtuin 1. These actions collectively contribute to the attenuati