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[Differential diagnosis and treatment of cramps].

Cramps are painful sensations caused by intense involuntary contractions of skeletal muscles, mostly in the calves, usually lasting from a few seconds to several minutes. Although cramps are mostly idiopathic, theycan bea symptom of other forms of myalgia, restless legs syndrome or spasticity. Especially nocturnal cramps can cause considerable distress for patients requiring fast pain reduction and effective prophylaxis. Stretching the calf muscles helps preventing nocturnal cramps. Pharmacological treatment of leg cramps includes magnesium and quinine.

Case studies in movement disorders.

Six cases representing the most commonly encountered movement disorders-restless legs syndrome with periodic limb movements, tics, myoclonus, chorea, essential tremor, and cervical dystonia-are presented. Discussion of each case focuses on a practical approach to recognizing the important clinical features of each movement disorder as well as the current therapeutic options. A detailed discussion of botulinum toxin follows the case on cervical dystonia, focusing on its mechanism of action, clinical indications, side effects, and dosing.

Prevalence of sleep disorders in children with chronic kidney disease: a meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: The reported prevalence of sleep disorders in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) varies greatly. A quantitative meta-ana … of sleep disorders in children with CKD. STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS: The prevalence of restless legs syndrome, sleep-disordered breathing, pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (i.e., apnea-hypopnea index > 1 event/h in polysomnography), excessive daytime sleepiness, and insomnia/insufficient sleep was estimated using a random-effects model. Subgroup analyse …

Children show individual night-to-night variability of periodic limb movements in sleep.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: Several studies have documented the occurrence of significant night-to-night variability of periodic limb movements in slee … nograms from children who were randomly assigned to a placebo group were scored using International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group criteria for PLMS. PLMS indexes from 101 sleep studies of 36 children, aged 7 to 12 years, were compared. INTERVENTIONS: N/A. RESULTS: For all 36 children as a group, PLMS index on Night 1 was predictive of PLMS index on Night 2 (odds …

[Sleep Disorders].

Insomnia is a common sleep disorder that, owing to difficulties falling asleep or maintaining sleep and/or early morning awakening, causes daytime functional impairment. Other sleep disorders include sleep-related breathing disorders; sleep-related movement disorders, such as periodic limb movement disorder and restless legs syndrome; parasomnias, such as rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder and sleepwalking; and central disorders of hypersomnolence, such as narcolepsy. This article describes sleep disorders that are routinely observed in daily clinical practice.

[Ekbom syndrome or delusional parasitosis].

Ekbom syndrome or delusional parasitosis is mainly described in presenile women who are unmarried or living alone. The presenting dermatological symptom is persistent pruritus, and the patients take medical advice in several practitioners one after another. The typical symptom is the behaviour of bringing sample of the allegered parasites inside small containers, defined as the "matchbox sign". The patient is so convincing that she shares delusion of infestation by his familiars who complaint of pruritus. The Ekbon syndrome is defined as the most contagious of psychiatric syndromes. Beyond psy

Sleep Disorders.

Sleep disorders are frequent and can have serious consequences on patients' health and quality of life. While some sleep disorders are more challenging to treat, most can be easily managed with adequate interventions. We review the main diagnostic features of 6 major sleep disorders (insomnia, circadian rhythm disorders, sleep-disordered breathing, hypersomnia/narcolepsy, parasomnias, and restless legs syndrome/periodic limb movement disorder) to aid medical practitioners in screening and treating sleep disorders as part of clinical practice.

Improved definition of growing pains: A common familial primary pain disorder of early childhood.

BACKGROUND: Commonly applied diagnostic criteria for growing pains (GP) have evolved without determination by an authoritative representative body. GP and restless legs syndrome (RLS) share anatomical, distributional, temporal, and other clinical features and are associated in individuals over time, in families, and in population samples. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that GP, diagnosed by widely used criteria, is confounded by cases of painful restless legs syndrome (RLS-Painful). METHODS: A twin family study of genetic influence and associations of GP using questionnaires was admi…

Myoclonus and other jerky movement disorders.

Myoclonus and other jerky movements form a large heterogeneous group of disorders. Clinical neurophysiology studies can have an important contribution to support diagnosis but also to gain insight in the pathophysiology of different kind of jerks. This review focuses on myoclonus, tics, startle disorders, restless legs syndrome, and periodic leg movements during sleep. Myoclonus is defined as brief, shock-like movements, and subtypes can be classified based the anatomical origin. Both the clinical phenotype and the neurophysiological tests support this classification: cortical, cortical-subcor…

Outcome of restless legs severity after continuous positive air pressure (CPAP) treatment in patients affected by the association of RLS and obstructive sleep apneas.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The association of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and restless legs syndrome (RLS) has been reported in the literature for many years. Nevertheless, this pathological association has not yet been extensively studied and many questions remain unanswered. The primary concern of this study is to evaluate the influence of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (n-CPAP) therapy on daytime sleepiness and fatigue as well as the presence of a possible long-term beneficial effect on RLS severity and, secondarily, to ascertain the clinical, neurophysiological and poly…

The Link Between Amitriptyline and Movement Disorders: Clinical Profile and Outcome.

INTRODUCTION: Amitriptyline (AMT) is a tricyclic antidepressant. In this review, we evaluate the clinical and epidemiological profile, patho … d myoclonus (n = 26), dyskinesia (n = 11), dystonia (n = 8), stutter (n = 5), akathisia (n = 3) and restless legs syndrome (n = 1). For less well-defined cases, 99 patients had dyskinesia, 19 had psychomotor disturbances, 3 had myoclonus, 11 had dystonia, 12 had Parkinsonism and 1 each had akathisia and extrapyramidal symptoms. Mean and standard deviation (SD) and media …

Sleep-related problems in common medical conditions.

Common medical problems are often associated with abnormalities of sleep. Patients with chronic medical disorders often have fewer hours of … l disease commonly have sleep complaints often due to insomnia, insufficient sleep, sleep apnea, or restless legs syndrome. Complaints related to sleep are very common in patients with fibromyalgia and other causes of chronic pain. Sleep disruption increases the sensation of pain and decreases quality of life. Patients with infectious diseases, including acute viral ill …

A randomised, open-label, crossover study of the dopamine agonist, pramipexole, in patients with sleep bruxism.

Sleep bruxism bears several similarities to restless legs syndrome, and a link to changes in central dopamine activity has been considered in both conditions. The dopamine agonist pramipexole is currently indicated for the symptomatic treatment of restless legs. The effect of pramipexole on sleep bruxism was investigated in subjects with 'probable bruxism' recruited at the Orofacial Pain Clinic. Thirteen patients underwent polysomnographic recordings, including bilateral masseter electromyographic activity. Following habituation to the recording equipment, a baseline registration was used to c…

Facilitating sleep for patients with end stage renal disease.

Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are confronted with many changes and problems; a lack of sleep may be one of the most prevailing difficulties they endure. Poor sleep is often the result of restless leg syndrome (RLS), periodic leg movements during sleep (PLMS), sleep apnea syndrome (SAS), or depression. Nurses who provide health care to these patients can use timely interventions to assist the patients to achieve better sleep.

Manifestations of different sleep disorders in patients with vascular parkinsonism and their impact on prognosis.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical manifestations of various sleep disorders in patients with vascular parkinsonism (VP) and analyze their impact on disease prognosis. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on 125 VP patients. Sleep disorders were assessed using the Insomnia Severity Index, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Chalder Fatigue Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Restless Legs Syndrome Severity Self-Rating Scale, REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) Severity Questionnaire, and Idiopathic Hypersomnia Questionnaire. …

Нарушения сна и связанные с ними факторы у пациентов с множественным склерозом: перекрестное исследование в Иране.

У людей с множественным склерозом (PwMS) часто отмечаются нарушения сна. Эти расстройства часто недооцениваются из-за того, что люди склонны сосредоточивать внимание на своих более заметных физических симптомах. Цель этого исследования заключалась в изучении факторов, влияющих на нарушения сна в Иране. МЕТОДЫ: В рамках этого межсекторального исследования была привлечена компания " PwMS " из провинции Исфахан Ирана. Для оценки серьезности нарушений сна использовались вопросники Международной исследовательской группы по синдрому беспощадных ног, STOP-Bang, Berlin, и индекс бессонницы.Р

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Sleep disorders are commonly noted in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). These disorders are often underestimated due to the … ODS: This cross-sectional study recruited PwMS from the Isfahan Province of Iran. The International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group, STOP-Bang, Berlin, and the Insomnia Severity Index questionnaires were employed to evaluate the severity of sleep disorders. RESULTS: Seven hundred ninety-six PwMS (693 patients with relapsing-remitting MS and 103 patients with seconda …

Unprescribed and unnoticed: Retrospective chart review of adverse events of interactions between antidepressants and over-the-counter drugs.

Aim: To systematically evaluate prevalence and clinical characteristics of adverse effects of antidepressants and OTC drugs interactions in … Japanese ginkgo biloba: citalopram (bradycardia), trazodone (vertigo, taste pervesion), mianserine (restless legs syndrome). Diclofenac: escitalopram (oral vesiculation), and fluoxetine (restless legs syndrome). Ibuprofen: agomelatine (anxiety and nausea), sertraline and omeprazole (QTc prolongation). Sildenafil: fluoxetine (genital oedema) and sertraline (myocardial in …

Association of MAPT subhaplotypes with clinical and demographic features in Parkinson's disease.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether distinct microtubule-associated protein tau MAPT H1 subhaplotypes are associated with clinical and demograph … autonomic dysfunction, impulse control disorder, psychiatric features, REM sleep behavior disorder, restless legs syndrome, and Parkinson's disease subtype. Specific clinical features were measured at the initial visit and most recent visit. These outcomes were assessed for association with MAPT H1 subhaplotypes, which were defined by six haplotype tagging variants. RE …

Growing pains and periodic limb movements of sleep in children.

AIM: To investigate whether there was any association between growing pains (GP) and periodic limb movements of sleep (PLMS) in children referred for polysomnography (PSG), in light of the possible shared genetic determinants between GP and restless legs syndrome. METHODS: Records of all 903 children who underwent PSG at a paediatric hospital between January 2009 and May 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Children aged 3-16 years, without neuromuscular or neurological/developmental disorders who were seen by a single sleep physician were included in the analysis. Data extracted included: cur…