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[Late impact of lambdacyhalothrin-treated nets on kdr allelic frequency in Anopheles gambiae s.s. (Diptera: Culicidae) from northern Côte-d'Ivoire].

Nets treated with lambdacyhalothrin 15 mg a.i./m2 were distributed in four villages of Korhogo area in northern Côte-d'Ivoire, and four other villages without nets were followed as controls. Mosquitoes were collected every three months from June 1999 to August 2000 in the villages, and then tested to determine their genotypes for kdr mutation L1014F conferring cross-resistance to pyrethroids and DDT and for M and S molecular forms of Anopheles gambiae s.s. The frequencies of the resistant allele at kdr mutation L1014F locus were very high and they varied from 0.82 to 0.96. Before the trial, th…

Amaranthus oleracea and Euphorbia hirta: natural potential larvicidal agents against the urban Indian malaria vector, Anopheles stephensi Liston (Diptera: Culicidae).

Malaria control in developing countries is based largely on vector eradication by the use of mosquito larvicides which is an ideal method fo … property of extracts of Amaranthus oleracea and Euphorbia hirta against the third instar larvae of Anopheles stephensi, the urban malaria vector. LC(50) values for the carbon tetrachloride fraction of A. oleracea against larvae are 17,768.00 and 13,780.00 ppm after 24 and 48 h of exposure accordingly. For the methanol extract of the same, LC(50) values are …

Evaluation of larvicidal and nymphicidal potential of plant extracts against Anopheles subpictus Grassi, Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles and Aphis gossypii Glover.

The acetone, chloroform, ethyl acetate, hexane and methanol extracts of peel and leaf extracts of Citrus sinensis, Ocimum canum, Ocimum sanctum and Rhinacanthus nasutus were tested against fourth instar larvae of malaria vector, Anopheles subpictus Grassi, Japanese encephalitis vector, Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles (Diptera: Culicidae) and feeding deterrence to nymphs of cotton pest, Aphis gossypii Glover (Homoptera: Aphididae). The larval and nymph mortality were observed after 24 h of exposure. All extracts showed moderate larvicidal and nymphicidal effects; however, the highest mortality wa…

Воздействие местных антропогенных изменений на потенциальный переносчик малярии Anopheles hircanus и вирусный вектор Западного Нила Culex Simberus, Camargue, Франция.

Используя исторические данные, мы обращаем внимание на последствия антропогенных изменений в экосистемах для изобилия комаров, которые в настоящее время являются наиболее важным потенциальным вектором малярии, а именно анофелями гирканом и самым важным вектором вируса Западного Нила (WNV), Culex Simberus, в регионе Камарги, Франция. В период со второй мировой войны по 1971 год численность населения этих видов росла по мере расширения выращивания риса в регионе в политическом контексте, который поддерживал сельское хозяйство. Затем они упали, вероятно, из-за сокращения масштабов культивирования

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Using historical data, we highlight the consequences of anthropogenic ecosystem modifications on the abundance of mosquitoes implicated as the current most important potential malaria vector, Anopheles hyrcanus, and the most important West Nile virus (WNV) vector, Culex modestus, in the Camargue region, France. From World War II to 1971, populations of these…

Plasmodium-infected Anopheles mosquitoes collected in Virginia and Maryland following local transmission of Plasmodium vivax malaria in Loudoun County, Virginia.

Two recent outbreaks of locally acquired, mosquito-transmitted malaria in Virginia in 1998 and 2002 demonstrate the continued risk of endemi … eported numerous visits to friends who lived directly across the street from the other patient. Two Anopheles quadrimaculatus s.l. female pools collected in Loudoun County, Virginia, and 1 An. punctipennis female pool collected in Fairfax County, Virginia, tested positive for P. vivax 210 with the VecTest panel assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (E …

Identification of Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) albitarsis complex species (Diptera: Culicidae) using rDNA internal transcribed spacer 2-based polymerase chain reaction primes.

Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) marajoara is a proven primary vector of malaria parasites in Northeast Brazil, and An. deaneorum is a suspected vector in Western Brazil. Both are members of the morphologically similar Albitarsis Complex, which also includes An. albitarsis and an undescribed species, An. albitarsis "B". These four species were recognized and can be identified using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers, but various other methodologies also point to multiple species under the name An. albitarsis. We describe here a technique for identification of these species employing poly…

Combined pyrethroid and carbamate 'two-in-one' treated mosquito nets: field efficacy against pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles gambiae and Culex quinquefasciatus.

A new approach is proposed in the treatment of mosquito nets, using a 'two-in-one' combination of pyrethroid and non-pyrethroid insecticides … ts in verandah-trap huts at Yaokofikro, near Bouaké in C te d'Ivoire, where the main malaria vector Anopheles gambiae Giles, as well as Culex quinquefasciatus Say, are highly resistant to pyrethroids. Efficacy of these ITNs was assessed in the huts by four entomological criteria: deterrency and induced exophily (effects on hut entry and exit), blood-feeding …

Blood-feeding in mosquitoes: probing time and salivary gland anti-haemostatic activities in representatives of three genera (Aedes, Anopheles, Culex).

Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) face their hosts' haemostatic mechanisms when attempting to feed on blood. Accordingly, they antagonize haem … quinquefasciatus with two other mosquito species from different backgrounds: Aedes aegypti (L.) and Anopheles albimanus Weidemann, that have apparently had a longer evolutionary association with mammals. Culex takes much more time to find blood on a mammalian host (human or mouse) when compared to the two other mosquito species, but does not differ in probi …

Behaviour of the malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis infected with the endosymbiont Microsporidia MB: host seeking and cuticular hydrocarbons associated with mating.

The Plasmodium transmission blocking symbiont Microsporidia MB has shown potential for the control of malaria. However, there is limited information about the symbiont's physiological and behavioural impact on the mosquito vector, which is important for determining the potential impact of a Microsporidia MB-based malaria intervention. We asked whether Microsporidia MB infection i) alters the attraction of Anopheles arabiensis to human odours; ii) is associated with variation in the types of blood-meal sources utilised, and iii) changes the cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) profiles of male mosquitoe…

A survey of indoor and outdoor Anopheles density, species composition and circumsporozoite rate of malaria vectors on the Bijagós Archipelago, Guinea-Bissau.

BACKGROUND: The malaria-endemic Bijagós Archipelago is situated 50 km off the coast of mainland Guinea-Bissau. It is a seasonal malaria transmission setting, with insecticide-treated bed nets as its primary control strategy. Little is known about the vector diversity and behaviour across the Archipelago. METHODS: In 2019, a survey took place on 16 of the inhabited islands across the Archipelago. Adult mosquitoes were collected using odour-baited outdoor light traps and indoor light traps at houses selected at random. Larval surveys were conducted for each village sampled. Anopheles adults cau…

Influence of mould growth and outdoor exposure on the efficacy of attractive targeted sugar baits against Anopheles arabiensis in western Kenya.

INTRODUCTION: Attractive Targeted Sugar Baits (ATSBs) effectively target Anopheles mosquitoes in semi-arid, low-humidity climates. However, high humidity encourages mould growth on ATSB surfaces, and its effect on the efficacy of ATSBs against malaria vectors is yet to be determined. This study explored how mould growth affects the performance of ATSB version 1.2 by comparing mouldy stations from exposed environments to non-mouldy stations from protected settings through laboratory bioassays on the local malaria vector, Anopheles arabiensis. METHODS: One hundred ATSB stations were deployed in…

Bionomics of Anopheles gambiae complex (Diptera: Culicidae) and malaria transmission pattern in a pre-elimination area in South-Western Senegal.

BACKGROUND: Malaria remains a public health problem in many African countries. In Senegal, the Southern region had the highest malaria incidence and malaria-related deaths. The relationship between vector density and malaria transmission remains poorly understood in some specific areas. The aim of this study was to characterize the current entomological and transmission parameters with special emphasis on the Anopheles gambiae complex in the malaria pre-elimination area of Mlomp south-western Senegal. METHODS: The study was conducted from July 2020 to February 2021 in Djicomol and Cadjinolle …

Chronology of Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and pyrethroid resistance and the associated mutations in Anopheles stephensi: Insights from areas where the vector is native and invasive.

Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae), a primary malaria vector native to south Asia and the Arabian peninsula, has recently spread to Sri Lanka and the Horn of Africa (HOA). Its arrival poses a serious challenge to malaria control initiatives, particularly in the rapidly urbanized African settings because it can transmit both Plasmodium falciparum (Haemosporida: Plasmodidae) and Plasmodium vivax (Haemosporida: Plasmodidae). This threat is compounded by the vector's growing resistance to insecticides, particularly pyrethroids, the backbone of indoor residual spraying (IRS) and insecticide-t…

A matter of timing: Biting by malaria-infected Anopheles mosquitoes and the use of interventions during the night in rural south-eastern Tanzania.

Knowing when and where infected mosquitoes bite is required for estimating accurate measures of malaria risk, assessing outdoor exposure, and designing intervention strategies. This study combines secondary analyses of a human behaviour survey and an entomological survey carried out in the same area to estimate human exposure to malaria-infected Anopheles mosquitoes throughout the night in rural villages in south-eastern Tanzania. Mosquitoes were collected hourly from 6PM to 6AM indoors and outdoors by human landing catches in 2019, and tested for Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite infections us…

Inhibition of 3-Hydroxykynurenine Transaminase from Aedes aegypti and Anopheles gambiae: A Mosquito-Specific Target to Combat the Transmission of Arboviruses.

Arboviral infections such as Zika, chikungunya, dengue, and yellow fever pose significant health problems globally. The population at risk i … yric acid (4OB) and sodium 4-(3-phenyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)butanoate (OXA) to AeHKT and AgHKT from Anopheles gambiae, the only crystal structure of this enzyme previously known. The cocrystallized inhibitor 4OB binds to AgHKT with K i of 300 μM. We showed that OXA binds to both AeHKT and AgHKT enzymes with binding energies 2-fold more favorable than the cr …

Belgian Anopheles plumbeus Mosquitoes Are Competent for Japanese Encephalitis Virus and Readily Feed on Pigs, Suggesting a High Vectorial Capacity.

Anopheles plumbeus, a day-active mosquito known to feed aggressively on humans, was reported as a nuisance species near an abandoned pigsty in Belgium. Since Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is an emerging zoonotic flavivirus which uses pigs as amplification hosts, we investigated (1) whether An. plumbeus would feed on pigs and (2) its vector competence for JEV, to investigate whether this species could be a potential vector. Three- to seven-day-old F0-generation adult mosquitoes, emerged from field-collected larvae, were fed on a JEV genotype 3 Nakayama strain spiked blood meal. Blood-fed mo…

Using Bayesian state-space models to understand the population dynamics of the dominant malaria vector, Anopheles funestus in rural Tanzania.

BACKGROUND: It is often assumed that the population dynamics of the malaria vector Anopheles funestus, its role in malaria transmission and the way it responds to interventions are similar to the more elaborately characterized Anopheles gambiae. However, An. funestus has several unique ecological features that could generate distinct transmission dynamics and responsiveness to interventions. The objectives of this work were to develop a model which will: (1) reconstruct the population dynamics, survival, and fecundity of wild An. funestus populations in southern Tanzania, (2) quantify impacts …

Genetic Diversity, Haplotype Relationships, and kdr Mutation of Malaria Anopheles Vectors in the Most Plasmodium knowlesi-Endemic Area of Thailand.

Plasmodium knowlesi, a malaria parasite that occurs naturally in long-tailed macaques, pig-tailed macaques, and banded leaf monkeys, is currently regarded as the fifth of the human malaria parasites. We aimed to investigate genetic diversity based on the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene, detect Plasmodium parasites, and screen for the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC)-mutation-mediated knockdown resistance (kdr) of Anopheles mosquitoes in Ranong province, which is the most P. knowlesi-endemic area in Thailand. One hundred and fourteen Anopheles females belonging to eight species, in…

A whole transcriptomic approach provides novel insights into the molecular basis of organophosphate and pyrethroid resistance in Anopheles arabiensis from Ethiopia.

The development of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors is of increasing concern in Ethiopia because of its potential implications for vector control failure. To better elucidate the specificity of resistance mechanisms and to facilitate the design of control strategies that minimize the likelihood of selecting for cross-resistance, a whole transcriptomic approach was used to explore gene expression patterns in a multi-insecticide resistant population of Anopheles arabiensis from Oromia Region, Ethiopia. This field population was resistant to the diagnostic doses of malathion (average mor…

Use of anti-gSG6-P1 IgG as a serological biomarker to assess temporal exposure to Anopheles' mosquito bites in Lower Moshi.

BACKGROUND: Malaria prevalence in the highlands of Northern Tanzania is currently below 1% making this an elimination prone setting. As climate changes may facilitate increasing distribution of Anopheles mosquitoes in such settings, there is a need to monitor changes in risks of exposure to ensure that established control tools meet the required needs. This study explored the use of human antibodies against gambiae salivary gland protein 6 peptide 1 (gSG6-P1) as a biomarker of Anopheles exposure and assessed temporal exposure to mosquito bites in populations living in Lower Moshi, Northern Tan…