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Photosensitisation, crystal-associated cholangiohepatopathy, and acute renal tubular necrosis in calves following ingestion of Phytolacca octandra (inkweed).

CASE HISTORY: In March 2006, an outbreak of photosensitivity affecting 6-8-month-old Friesian heifer calves on a farm in the Rangitikei district of New Zealand was investigated. The calves were grazing wheat stubble paddocks that also had a variety of weeds, especially Phytolacca octandra (inkweed). They also had access to pond water that contained potentially toxic concentrations of the cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) Microcystis and Planktothrix spp. CLINICAL FINDINGS: Initially, affected animals showed acute irritation, agitation, reluctance to walk, recumbency in some animals, hyperaemia

Effects of BPC-157 and TB-500 on Achilles tendon healing in rats: A histopathological and biomechanical study.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to evaluate the effects of BPC-157, synthetic thymosin beta-4 (TB-500), and their combination on Achilles tendon … wed numerically lower scores without reaching statistical significance for total scores. Sirius red birefringence analysis showed increased type I collagen organization and altered type III collagen distribution in treatment groups, particularly in the TB-500 group, suggesting progression toward matrix maturation. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed no signif …

High-resolution dielectric anisotropy investigation of carbon nanotube-smectic-A liquid crystal dispersions: An upper limit of the latent heat and the pretransitional anomaly at the nematic-smectic-A transition.

Within the entire mesomorphic range, high-precision dielectric anisotropy data with the high-temperature resolution is presented for a highl … } values for all investigated samples have also been compared with those extracted from the optical birefringence data, and an excellent consistency has then been noted. The N-Sm-A pretransitional anomaly has been investigated and the effective specific heat capacity exponent α values have been yielded from the power-law analysis of our high-resolution Δɛ(T) da …

Doxycycline Promotes Graft Healing and Attenuates Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in a Rat Model.

BACKGROUND: Doxycycline (Doxy) has been shown to facilitate tendon healing by reducing on-site matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity, but … he Doxy group. Doxy treatment enhanced graft integration, intratunnel graft integrity, and collagen birefringence; more collagen types 1 and 10 and less MMP-13 were found at the graft-bone interface. At week 6, the Doxy group had a lower modified Mankin score (P = .033) and showed fewer MMP 13-positive chondrocytes at the articular cartilage surface (P = .002), …

Polymorphism in Simvastatin: Twinning, Disorder, and Enantiotropic Phase Transitions.

Simvastatin is one of the most widely used active pharmaceutical ingredients for the treatment of hyperlipidemias. Because the compound is e … xperiments on single crystals evidenced the propagation of an interface, accompanied by a change of birefringence and crystal contraction or expansion (more subtle in the case of form III → form II), when the phase transitions are triggered. (iv) Consistent with the reversible and small hysteresis nature of the phase transitions, the SCXRD results indicated tha …

Amyloid peptide pores and the beta sheet conformation.

Over 20 clinical syndromes have been described as amyloid diseases. Pathologically, these illnesses are characterized by the deposition in various tissues of amorphous, Congo red stainingdeposits, referred to as amyloid. Under polarizing light microscopy, these deposits exhibit characteristic green birefringence. X-ray diffraction reveals cross-beta structure of extended amyloid fibrils. Although there is always a major protein in amyloid deposits, the predominant protein differs in each ofthe clinical syndromes. All the proteins exhibit the characteristic nonnative beta-sheet state. These pro…

[A histological study on the synovial tissue of rat knee joints in the experimental beta 2-microglobulin derived amyloidosis].

In recent years, a clinical syndrome comprising carpal tunnel syndrome, destructive spondylarthropathy, and cystic bone lesions has been rec … ht microscopic specimens are stained with the Congo-red stain. When we confirmed the positive green birefringence in polarized light, we have performed the immunohistochemical stain with the monoclonal anti-amyloid P-component antibody, the anti-beta 2-MG antibody and the anti-amyloid A protein for the immunohistochemical stain subsequently. Moreover, we have u …

First record of fatal Plasmodium relictum (GRW4) infection in a highly endangered Fatu Hiva monarch (Pomarea whitneyi) fledgling: a case report.

BACKGROUND: The Fatu Hiva monarch (Pomarea whitneyi) is a Critically Endangered (IUCN) passerine species restricted to a single island in French Polynesia, with fewer than 20 individuals remaining. In the Pacific region, avian malaria caused by Plasmodium relictum lineage GRW4 is a major conservation concern because it has been linked to severe population declines and extinctions in Hawai'i and poses a documented threat to endemic birds in New Zealand. CASE PRESENTATION: On 17 June 2022, a recently fledged juvenile Fatu Hiva Monarch (Pomarea whitneyi) was found dead in its natural habitat on

Tumoral calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease of the ligamentum flavum.

OBJECTIVE: Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) deposition disease (CPPDD), also known as pseudogout, is rarely known to affect the spine. The purpose of this article is to report our experience with six cases involving massive focal deposition of CPPD crystals in the ligamentum flavum. METHODS: Between January 1998 and June 2002, we treated six patients with CPPDD involving the ligamentum flavum of the cervical and thoracic spine. Their ages ranged from 45 to 70 years. There were five female patients and one male patient. The cervical spine was involved in two cases and the thoracic spine

Application of the optical Fourier transform for analysis of the spatial distribution of collagen fibers in normal and osteopetrotic bone tissue.

Optical Fourier analysis was applied for evaluation of the differences between normal and pathologically changed bone tissue. Collagen fibers were used as markers of bone structure. To prove the usefulness of this technique for objective mathematical analysis of these differences the spatial spatial distribution of collagen fiber bundles was evaluated in normal and osteopetrotic bone. The variation in the spatial distribution of collagen fiber bundles in cross sections of femur diaphyses was evaluated quantitatively by optical diffraction three groups of Fatty Orl-op strain rats, i.e. phenotyp

Dual Diagnosis of Thyroid Amyloidosis and Lipomatosis: An Uncommon Concurrence.

Lipoid lesions of the thyroid are extremely rare. Adipose changes can be seen in both malignant (carcinomas) and benign conditions. The two … yroid follicles were observed. Congo red stain confirmed amyloid deposition, exhibiting apple-green birefringence under polarized light. Thyroid amyloid deposits are rare. Associated with chronic inflammatory conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, Crohn's disease, and familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). This case study illustrates t …

Localized Pulmonary Amyloidosis Associated With Sjögren's Syndrome, Coexisting Lymphoid Interstitial Pneumonia, and a Severe Double Aortic Lesion: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Amyloidosis is a protein-folding disease that results in the deposition of misfolded proteins into various tissues of the body, resulting in … till had atypical radiographic characteristics, with the Belizean red stain showing polarized light birefringence, confirming the presence of pulmonary amyloid. The functional assessment showed a 6-minute walk distance of 392 m with an oxygen saturation nadir of 85% at minute 4. Right heart catheterization with fluid challenge (August 2025) showed a mean pulmon …

Renal Amyloidosis: A Clinicopathological Study From a Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan.

Introduction Systemic amyloidosis can affect any organ in the body, but the kidney is the most commonly involved site. It is characterized by the extracellular deposition of insoluble fibrillar proteins. Amyloid deposits can be identified histologically by Congo red stain, which gives apple-green birefringence under polarized light. Typing of renal amyloidosis is done by direct immunofluorescence on frozen tissue. The most common types of amyloidosis seen in renal tissue are amyloid light chain (AL) primary amyloidosis and amyloid A (AA) secondary amyloidosis. Although primary amyloidosis is c…

Scanning laser polarimetry using variable corneal compensation in the detection of glaucoma with localized visual field defects.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the ability of scanning laser polarimetry parameters and a novel deviation map algorithm to discriminate between healthy and early glaucomatous eyes with localized visual field (VF) defects confined to one hemifield. DESIGN: Prospective case-control study. PARTICIPANTS: Seventy glaucomatous eyes with localized VF defects and 66 normal controls. METHODS: A Humphrey field analyzer 24-2 full-threshold test and scanning laser polarimetry with variable corneal compensation were used. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: We assessed the sensitivity and specificity of scanning laser polari

Burden and health-system challenges of diabetes mellitus in urban slum populations of Iran: a scoping review.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal plasma cell disorder characterized by aberrant immunoglobulin deposition causing end-organ damage (Jones et al. in Hum Pathol 30:1441-1448, 1999). Rarely, paraproteins crystallize within histiocytes, resulting in crystal-storing histiocytosis (CSH) (Jones et al. in Hum Pathol 30:1441-1448, 1999). The coexistence of MM, CSH, and amyloidosis is exceedingly uncommon (Takahashi et al. in Pathol Int 37:141-154, 1987). A 56-year-old male presented with chronic low back pain and elevated creatinine (~ 2.05 mg/dL). Myeloma workup revealed elevated beta-2 microglobulin

Industrial fluoride pollution. Chronic fluoride poisoning in Cornwall Island cattle.

An aluminum plant on the south bank of the St. Lawrence river, southwest of Cornwall Island, Ontario, Canada, has emitted 0.816 metric tons of fluoride daily since 1973; considerably higher amounts were emitted from 1959 to 1973. The plant has been designated as the "major source of fluoride emissions impacting on Cornwall Island." Chronic fluoride poisoning in Cornwall island cattle was manifested clinically by stunted growth and dental fluorosis to a degree of severe interference with drinking and mastication. Cows died at or were slaughtered after the third pregnancy. The deterioration of c

Al amyloidosis.

UNLABELLED: DEFINITION OF THE DISEASE: AL amyloidosis results from extra-cellular deposition of fibril-forming monoclonal immunoglobulin (Ig … amination of an involved site showing Congo red-positive amyloid deposits, with typical apple-green birefringence under polarized light, that stain positive with an anti-LC antibody by immunohistochemistry and/or immunofluorescence. Due to the systemic nature of the disease, non-invasive biopsies such as abdominal fat aspiration should be considered before taki …

The Crystalline Nephropathies.

Crystalline nephropathies are a unique form of kidney disease characterized by the histologic finding of intrarenal crystal deposition. The intrinsic nature of some molecules and ions combined with a favorable tubular fluid physiology leads to crystal precipitation and deposition within the tubular lumens. Crystal deposition promotes kidney injury through tubular obstruction and both direct and indirect cytotoxicities. Further kidney injury develops from inflammation triggered by these crystals. From a clinical standpoint, the crystalline nephropathies are associated with abnormal urinalysis a

Интратубулярная световая цепочка амилоидоз: всеобъемлющий анализ спектра заболеваний и клинопатологических характеристик.

Диапазон заболеваний внутритубулярной световой цепи амилоидоз (AL) остается неизвестным. МЕТОДЫ: Пациенты с внутритубулярной AL из одного центра были ретроспективно проанализированы и стратифицированы по трем группам: группа 1, соединенная с внетубулярной AL; группа 2, соединенная с нефропатией световой цепи (LCCN); и группа 3, изолированная внутритубулярная AL. Клинические особенности, патологические выводы, методы лечения и почечный прогноз сравнивались по всем группам. Результаты: В группу (126 пациентов) входили преимущественно мужчины (65,1 процента), средний возраст которых составлял 57

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… apple-green birefringence under polarized light (g, i). … A subset of these casts are Congo red-positive (b, d) and exhibit apple-green birefringence under polarized light (c, e), while other casts are Congo red-negative (f, h) and show no apple-green birefringence (g, i). …

Parenteral Ozone Therapy Combined with Topical Antimicrobials Enhances Tissue Repair in Mandibular Osteonecrosis of Elderly Female Rats.

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ) remains a challenging complication associated with antiresorptive therapy, highlighting the need for effective adjunctive preventive strategies. This study evaluated the effects of systemic ozone therapy, alone or combined with topical 10% metronidazole paste or 2% chlorhexidine gel, on alveolar repair in a zoledronate-induced rat model of MRONJ. Forty-two ovariectomized female Wistar rats were allocated into seven experimental groups. Following mandibular first molar extraction, animals received systemic ozone therapy and/or topical antimic

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… Collagen birefringence was qualitatively assessed based on fiber color and morphology, with green birefringence indicating thin, immature collagen fibers and orange-to-red birefringence indicating thick, mature collagen fibers. … Similarly, the CLX and MTZ groups exhibited mixed collagen birefringence, with mature collagen fibers interspersed with green birefringent fibers. As this evaluation was qualitative, no statistical comparisons were performed ( Figure 5 ). …