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Primary neuroendocrine lung tumor presenting with acute ileal obstruction. Case report.

INTRODUCTION: VEXAS (vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory, somatic) syndrome is a recently identified, somatic mutation-driven, autoinflammatory syndrome primarily affecting older males. In VEXAS, somatic UBA1 mutations drive the clonal expansion of bone marrow-derived myeloid cells that infiltrate and initiate inflammation across the body, leading to diverse symptomology. Due to both the relative novelty of its discovery and rarity of its incidence, unique presentations and their management are vital in our continued understanding of the disease. CASE DESCRIPTION: We present a cas

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… Due to ongoing breathlessness and the rising MCV, methotrexate was thought to not be beneficial and was changed to leflunomide. Establishing treatment on leflunomide was disrupted due to repeated hospital admissions for community-acquired pneumonia and exacerbations of COPD. … Despite the leflunomide, he was still unable to wean off his prednisolone due to breathlessness so leflunomide was replaced with mycophenolate. …

Managing fatigue in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome: challenges and solutions.

Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) patients identify fatigue as their most important symptom and the one most difficult to cope with, but there are still many challenges and few solutions to manage this debilitating symptom. Promising pharmacological treatments, such as rituximab, have failed in more stringent tests including randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analysis. While non-pharmacological interventions may be safer, less costly, and address other common comorbidities, to date only aerobic exercise seems to be effective at reducing fatigue in pSS. All interventions, pharmacologic

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… Safety and efficacy of leflunomide in primary Sjögren’s syndrome: a phase II pilot study . Ann Rheum Dis . 2007 ; 66 ( 8 ): 1026 – 1032 . doi: 10.1136/ard.2006.060905 17223657 PMC1954693 58. Steinfeld SD , Demols P , Van Vooren JP , Cogan E , Appelboom T . … Clinical efficacy of leflunomide/hydroxychloroquine combination therapy in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome: results of a placebo-controlled double-blind randomized clinical trial (abstract) . Arthritis Rheumatol . 2018 ; 70 ( Suppl ): 10 . 64. …

Prosthetic Joint Infection due to Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare in a Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are a rare cause of prosthetic joint infections (PJI). However, the prevalence of NTM infections may be increasing with the rise of newer immunosuppressive medications such as biologics. In this case report, we describe a rare complication of immunosuppressive therapies and highlight the complexity of diagnosing and treating PJI due to NTM. The patient is a 79-year-old Caucasian male with a history of severe destructive rheumatoid arthritis on several immunosuppressive agents and right hip osteoarthritis s/p total hip arthroplasty 15 years previously with seve

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… His RA had been treated with prednisone 15 mg daily, leflunomide 10 mg daily, and infliximab. Six months prior to admission infliximab was replaced with abatacept 500 mg every month. At presentation, vital signs were normal. BMI was 22.9 kg/m. … The use of oral corticosteroids and certain DMARDs such as TNF-alpha inhibitors and leflunomide increases the risk of both tuberculous and nontuberculous mycobacterial infections among patients with RA [ 13 ]. …

Stage-specific biomarkers in triple-negative breast cancer: Preliminary findings from bioinformatics approaches.

BackgroundIntegrated bioinformatics approaches were used to identify stage-specific candidate genes and potential drug targets in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).MethodsMicroarray (164 early-stage, 33 advanced-stage, and 53 normal samples) and RNA-seq (113 normal, 163 early-stage, and 30 advanced-stage TNBC samples) datasets were analyzed. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, followed by co-expression analysis using Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and protein-protein interaction analysis using the STRING database. miRNA co-regulation was evaluated us

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… SKP2 protein demonstrated strong interactions with azathioprine (−7.6 kcal/mol) and leflunomide (−7.3 kcal/mol) at its leucine-rich repeat domain, suggesting a possible capacity to influence protein ubiquitination. … These findings position lucanthone, leflunomide, and azathioprine as promising candidates for further experimental validation in TNBC treatment while emphasizing the importance of domain-specific drug targeting for therapeutic efficacy. …

Safety and efficacy of upadacitinib in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and inadequate response to conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (SELECT-NEXT): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial.

BACKGROUND: Upadacitinib is a selective inhibitor of Janus kinase 1 and was efficacious in phase 2 studies in patients with moderate-to-seve … d an inadequate response to at least one of the following csDMARDs: methotrexate, sulfasalazine, or leflunomide. Using interactive response technology, we randomly assigned patients receiving stable background csDMARDs (2:2:1:1) to receive a once-daily extended-release formulation of upadacitinib 15 mg or 30 mg, or placebo, for 12 weeks. Patients, investigato …

Дело о том, что скрытая и литичная инфекция Эпштейна-Барра была направлена на множественный склероз.

Вирус Эпштейн-Барр (EBV) тесно связан с множественным склерозом (MS). Он, вероятно, сыграет причинно-следственную роль в патогенезе MS, возможно, путем инициирования автономного иммунитета с помощью молекулярной имитации, автоантигенного представления или регулирования иммунной дистрибьюции. С другой стороны, имеющиеся данные подтверждают прямую роль ЭБВ в стимулировании деятельности по болезням MS посредством скрытых литических инфекций в циклическом режиме либо в рамках ЦНС, либо на периферии. Мы обращаем особое внимание на недавние иммунологические и вирологические выводы, подтверждающие ро

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… However, leflunomide, a prodrug that is rapidly converted into teriflunomide in vivo , inhibits B-cell function by decreasing B-cell proliferation and progression through the S phase in a non-selective manner. 124-126 In patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with leflunomide, the percentage of … Plasmablasts are particularly affected by leflunomide and teriflunomide. 126 , 127 Teriflunomide exhibits a similar effect in patients with MS compared to patients with rheumatoid arthritis on leflunomide, whereby the percentage of circulating memory B cells does not change. 127 , 128 However, in some …

Прогрессивная многофукальная лейкоэнцефалопатия в реуматоидном артрите и биологической терапии: доклад по делу и обзор литературы.

Прогрессивная многофукальная лейкоэнцефалопатия - это редкое, но потенциально смертельное заболевание, вызванное инфекцией центральной нервной системы с полиомавирусом Джона Каннингема. Прогрессивная многофукальная лейкоэнцефалопатия встречается главным образом у иммунокомпромиссированных пациентов, включая пациентов с биологическими и адресными синтетическими препаратами, такими, как множественный склероз и ревматоидный артрит. Ранняя диагностика прогрессивной многофукальной лейкоэнцефалопатии имеет решающее значение для выживания пациента. Мы описываем случай прогрессивной многофукальной лей

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… 3 Dizziness, unsteady gait, headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, left-hand clumsiness, left hemiparesis Subacute infarction, vasculitis, refractory neuropsychiatric SLE, rhombencephalitis 2 PCR CSF Survived with disability Cheng et al . [ 20 ] USA Female 73 Hypothyroid, Sjögren syndrome Yes Yes Leflunomide … Survived with disability Clifford et al . [ 13 ] Japan Female 65 Yes No MTX Infliximab 4 Right upper limb weakness, gait disturbance, headache, nausea, dizziness, weight loss, double vision TIA, cryptococcal meningitis 3 PCR CSF Survived with disability Nosaki et al . [ 33 ] Unknown Female 56 Yes Leflunomide …

Progress in high-throughput screening for drug and material discovery in orthopedic diseases: a literature review.

Orthopedic diseases are referred to as a series of conditions affecting the normal structure and function of the skeletal system. With a wide variety of types and a year-by-year increasing incidence, they have a severe impact on patients' quality of life. Traditional research has made relatively significant progress in understanding the pathogenesis and treating orthopedic diseases, however, it remains constrained by limitations such as low-throughput experimentation, and difficulty in mimicking the complex bone microenvironment. In recent years, high-throughput screening (HTS) technology has

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… Leflunomide (Lef) Leflunomide (Lef), an isoxazole derivative, serves as a novel immunomodulator with potent anti-inflammatory effects and has been approved for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis ( Silverman et al., 2005 ). … In terms of therapeutic direction, the candidates can be divided into two types: Promoting bone defect repair (1-S2-FT01, Leflunomide, DIPQUO). …

Extraglandular Manifestations of Sjögren’s Syndrome (SS): Dermatologic, Arthritic, Endocrine, Pulmonary, Cardiovascular, Gastroenterology, Renal, Urology, and Gynecologic Manifestations

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… Consideration of liver toxicity due to methotrexate or leflunomide as well as herbal remedies must not be ignored . … , mycophenolic acid (mofetil), rituximab) Arthritis, arthralgia, and myalgia • Acetaminophen • Non-steroidal agents and disalcid • Hydroxychloroquine (6–8 mg/kg/day) • Methotrexate (either oral or self-injected) • Leflunomide (20 mg/day) • Rituximab (dosing similar to RA) Raynaud’s phenomenon and acrocyanosis …

MYC inhibitors in multiple myeloma.

The importance of MYC function in cancer was discovered in the late 1970s when the sequence of the avian retrovirus that causes myelocytic leukemia was identified. Since then, over 40 years of unceasing research have highlighted the significance of this protein in malignant transformation, especially in hematologic diseases. Indeed, some of the earliest connections among the higher expression of proto-oncogenes (such as MYC), genetic rearrangements and their relation to cancer development were made in Burkitt lymphoma, chronic myeloid leukemia and mouse plasmacytomas. Multiple myeloma (MM), in

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… Of note, a Phase I clinical trial was also designed to repurpose the use of leflunomide in relapsed/refractory myeloma patients ( NCT02509052 ) [ 90 ] . … Nevertheless, a few are proposed to have potential for improved activity when combined with standard antimyeloma therapies (pinometostat, PIM447, leflunomide, selinexor and TAZ-upregulation). …

[Dose-effect relationship of moxibustion for rheumatoid arthritis of liver and kidney deficiency and its effect on fatigue: a randomized controlled trial].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of moxibustion with different frequency on the disease activity and fatigue of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with liver and kidney deficiency on the basis of western medication treatment. METHODS: A total of 135 RA patients with liver and kidney deficiency were randomly divided into a high-frequency moxibustion group (45 cases, 3 cases dropped out), a low-frequency moxibustion group (45 cases, 2 cases dropped out) and a western medication group (45 cases, 2 cases dropped out, 1 case discontinued). Leflunomide tablet was taken orally in the western medication grou…

When to investigate for secondary hyperhidrosis: data from a retrospective cohort of all causes of recurrent sweating.

Background: Identification of underlying diseases is crucial for secondary hyperhidrosis management, but data are lacking to guide appropriate investigation.Objective: To describe aetiologies of recurrent sweating in a hospital setting and the diagnostic performance parameters of their respective clinical/biological features.Patients and Methods: We performed a monocentric evaluative study in a tertiary care centre. Patients with recurrent generalised sweating were selected via the Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW) by screening all electronic hospital documents from the year 2018 using a keyword-b

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… Pharmacological class | N | Main reported drugs | Pathophysiology Corticosteroids | 3 | b | Increased sympathetic activity through glucocorticoid receptors Immunosuppressive therapy | 3 | Tacrolimus a , Mycophenolate mofetil b , Leflunomide c | Anti-PD-1 Ab | 2 | Pembrolizumab | TNFα inhibitors | 2 … Pharmacological class | Main reported drugs | Summary of product characteristics | French National PV database | Worldwide PV database (= Vigilyze) Corticosteroids | | No | | Immunosuppressive therapy | Tacrolimus Mycophenolate mofetil Leflunomide | Yes (hyperhidrosis, common) No No | 1 1 5 | 80 77 …

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of iguratimod in the treatment of inflammatory arthritis and degenerative arthritis.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of iguratimod (IGU) in the treatment of inflammatory arthritis and degenerative arthritis. METHODS: Initially, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on using IGU in treating inflammatory arthritis and degenerative arthritis were systematically gathered from various databases up to February 2024. Subsequently, two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, assessed the risk of bias in included studies, and conducted a meta-analysis using RevMan 5.4 software. RESULTS: Fifty-four RCTs involving three inflammatory arthritis were

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… Furthermore, since IGU has only been recently introduced, its mechanisms of action and interactions with other medications, such as MTX and leflunomide, require further exploration. … Efficacy and safety of iguratimod or leflunomide combined with methotrexate in the treatment of active rheumatoid arthritis Sexual comparison: a multicenter randomized double-blind double-simulation controlled clinical study . Chin. J. …

Advances in drug therapy for systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder that afflicts 500,000 people in the United States. There has not been a new SLE drug approved in the United States since 1958. However, a guidance document issued by the Food and Drug Administration in 2005 provided a roadmap for investigators which spawned numerous ongoing clinical trials. Among these, Belimumab, a monoclonal antibody to soluble B lymphocyte stimulator, met its primary endpoints in two large trials and will probably obtain FDA approval soon. Other promising agents targeting a variety of mechanisms of action are curr

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… Leflunomide improves SLE arthritis [ 11 ]. 7. Dehydroepiandrostrone has modest effects at best in mild SLE and may diminish fatigue and bone demineralization, as well as having steroid sparing properties [ 12 ]. … Lisk L Aspreva Lupus Management Study maintenance results Lupus 2010 19 Suppl 27. 19933722 Lampropoulos CE D'Cruz DP Topical calcineurin inhibitors in systemic lupus erythematosus Ther Clin Risk Manag 2010 6 95 101 10.2147/TCRM.S3193 20421909 PMC2857609 Remer CF Weisman MH Wallace DJ Benefits of leflunomide …

One Giant Step for Giant Cell Arteritis: Updates in Diagnosis and Treatment.

Purpose of reviewGiant cell arteritis (GCA), a medium and large vessel vasculitis occurring in the aged, remains a formidable disease, capable of taking both vision and life, through a multitude of vascular complications. Our understanding of the spectrum of its manifestations has grown over the years, to include limb claudication, aortitis, and cardiac disease, in addition to the more classic visual complications resulting from of ischemia to branches of the external and internal carotid arteries. While a clinical presentation of headache, jaw claudication, scalp tenderness, fever and other s

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… Leflunomide is a pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor that blocks T cell expansion and has been used in the treatment in rheumatoid arthritis and certain vasculitides. … A recent prospective, observational patient choice study comparing steroids with leflunomide to steroids alone found that during the first 48 weeks of follow-up, out of 22 patients who relapsed, 4 (13.3%) were in the leflunomide group and 18 (39.1%) in the glucocorticoid-only group [ 95 ]. …

Иммуномодуляторы и иммунопрессанты для прогрессивного множественного склероза: сетевой метаанализ.

В последние годы для лиц с прогрессивными формами множественного склероза (ПМС) был разработан более широкий спектр методов иммуномодуляционного и иммуноподавляющего лечения. Хотя консенсус поддерживает эти варианты в качестве сокращения рецидивов, их относительные преимущества и характеристики безопасности остаются неясными из-за отсутствия прямых сравнительных испытаний. 1-a и бета 1-bИнтерферон beta-1b (Бетаферон), интерферон beta-1a (Avonex, Rebif), лакинимод, лефлюномид, метотрексат, миноциклин, митоксантрон, микофенолат мофетил, натализумаб, окролизумаб, атумумаб, озанимод, пегилированны

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BackgroundIn recent years a broader range of immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive treatment options have emerged for people with progressi … a 1-a and beta 1-b, interferon beta-1b (Betaferon), interferon beta-1a (Avonex, Rebif), laquinimod, leflunomide, methotrexate, minocycline, mitoxantrone, mycophenolate mofetil, natalizumab, ocrelizumab, ofatumumab, ozanimod, pegylated interferon beta-1a, ponesimod, rituximab, siponimod, corticosteroids, and teriflunomide for PMS.Search methodsWe searched CENT …

ISN Nexus 2016 Symposia: Translational Immunology in Kidney Disease—The Berlin Roadmap

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… Induction treatment of proliferative lupus nephritis with leflunomide combined with prednisone: a prospective multi-centre observational study. Lupus. 2008;17:638–644. doi: 10.1177/0961203308089408. 38. Cao H., Rao Y., Liu L. … The efficacy and safety of leflunomide for the treatment of lupus nephritis in Chinese patients: systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0144548. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144548. 39. Frese-Schaper M., Keil A., Steiner S.K. …

Клиникопатологические характеристики и результаты недиабетических реалистических заболеваний у пациентов с типом 2 Диабет: Ретроспективное кохартное исследование.

В рамках этого исследования была проведена оценка клиникопатологических профилей и прогностических траекторий подтипов недиабутических почечных заболеваний (NDRD), соотносящихся с типом 2 - сахарный диабет (T2D). 123 пациенты с доминирующими подтипами NDRD: IgA нефропатия (IgA nephropaticy)T2D-IgAN, n = 52), мембранная нефропатия (T2D-MN, n = 48), и подоцитопатии ()T2D-Podo, n = 23). Мультивариатная коксовая регрессия использовалась для выявления прогнозируемых факторов для результатов почечной деятельности в течение медианного периода последующей деятельности: 80 месяцев (межквартальный диапа

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… Immunosuppressive regimens included glucocorticoids, cyclophosphamide, rituximab, leflunomide, tacrolimus, and mycophenolate mofetil. Supportive therapies mainly include glycemic and lipid control, RASI, and diuretics. … Immunosuppressive therapy comprising glucocorticoids alone or in combination with cyclophosphamide, tacrolimus, or leflunomide was administered to 43 (35%) patients. A small proportion of patients ( n = 5) received CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy such as rituximab. …

Reducing diagnostic delay in hypophosphatasia: a case series of 14 patients presenting to general rheumatology.

OBJECTIVES: Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is a rare genetic metabolic bone disease that can cause chronic pain and fractures. Its hallmark is a persistently low serum ALP. HPP is now recognised by many osteoporosis specialists, but other specialists, such as rheumatologists and primary care physicians, may be less aware of this condition, causing diagnostic delay and possible harm to these patients. Our objective was to highlight features that can reduce this delay. METHODS: We retrospectively analysed 14 patients that presented with musculoskeletal pain to general rheumatology clinic at St. George'

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… 228 [126–415] 7 (21) 13 (92.9) 9 (64.3) 1 (7.1) Bone medication N (%) Prior high dose vitamin D Prior antiresorptive treatment (inc. bisphosphonates, denosumab) Asfotase alfa 3 (21.4) 1 (7.1) 3 (21.4) Joint medication N (%) Non-steroidal anti-inflammatories Colchicine Sulfasalazine Hydroxychloroquine Leflunomide … [126–415] 7 (21) 13 (92.9) 9 (64.3) 1 (7.1) Bone medication N (%) Prior high dose vitamin D Prior antiresorptive treatment (inc. bisphosphonates, denosumab) Asfotase alfa | 3 (21.4) 1 (7.1) 3 (21.4) Joint medication N (%) Non-steroidal anti-inflammatories Colchicine Sulfasalazine Hydroxychloroquine Leflunomide …

Interventions for BK virus infection in kidney transplant recipients.

BACKGROUND: BK virus-associated nephropathy (BKVAN), caused by infection with or reactivation of BK virus, remains a challenge in kidney tra … R 3.71, 95% CI 0.42 to 32.55; low certainty evidence). Compared to immunosuppression reduction, the leflunomide derivative FK778 may make little or no difference to graft loss, probably results in a greater reduction in plasma BK viral load (1 study, 44 participants: -0.60 copies/µL, 95% CI -1.22 to 0.02; moderate certainty evidence), but had uncertain effect …