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Thalamic stimulation for choreiform movement disorders in children. Report of two cases.

Surgery for movement disorders is most commonly performed in patients with dyskinesia and tremor associated with Parkinson's disease or in those with essential tremor. The role of ablative surgery or deep brain stimulation in patients with choreiform movements is poorly defined. The authors placed thalamic stimulation systems in two children with disabling choreiform disorders due to intracerebral hemorrhage or cerebral palsy. Each patient displayed choreiform movements in the upper extremities both at rest and with intention, which interfered with daily activities and socialization. Both chil…

Hyperkinetic movement disorders misdiagnosed as tics in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the gamut of movements misdiagnosed as tic exacerbations in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) in a referral tertia … cian, the patient, and the family to be an exacerbation of tics. RESULTS: Of 373 GTS cases, 12 had movement disorders secondary to treatment, and six had non-tic movements related to conditions commonly associated with GTS. In the former group, there were 7 patients with acute akathisia, 3 with acute dystonia, 1 with tardive chorea, 1 with withdrawal emergent chore …

Antipsychotic drug-induced movement disorders in schizophrenics in relation to CYP2D6 genotype.

BACKGROUND: Approximately 5-10% of Caucasians (poor metabolisers) show impaired metabolism of at least 20 therapeutically important drugs, including a number of commonly used antipsychotic agents, because they lack the cytochrome p450 enzyme CYP2D6. The molecular basis of this defect is now well understood and simple genotyping tests using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) have been developed. METHOD: To determine whether poor metabolisers are more susceptible to acute dystonic reactions and chronic movement disorders associated with the administration of antipsychotic drugs, we determined …

Hyperkinetic movement disorders during and after acute stroke: the Lausanne Stroke Registry.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To study consecutive patients with acute or delayed hyperkinetic movement disorders in the Lausanne Stroke Registry. METHODS: We have identified 29 patients with acute or delayed movement disorders among 2500 patients who had their first-ever acute stroke in the Lausanne Stroke Registry. SETTING: Department of Neurology, Lausanne University Hospital. RESULTS: Our patients presented with hemichorea-hemiballism (11 patients), hemidystonia (5 patients), stereotypias (2 patients), jerky dystonic unsteady hand (3 patients), asterixis (2 patients), initial limb-shaking (…

An immunoassay for anti-neuronal antibodies associated with involuntary repetitive movement disorders.

Tourette's syndrome (TS) is a complex neurobehavioral disorder emerging in childhood and is characterized by motor and vocal tics of at leas … oped for the determination of human anti-neuronal antibodies associated with involuntary repetitive movement disorders. This assay exhibited between-run and within-run precision of 11.3 percent and 5.9 percent, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of this assay for the diagnosis of TS and TS or chorea a …

Sleep-related breathing and movement disorders in healthy elderly and demented subjects.

Reported findings regarding sleep and sleep disorders in the elderly often conflict. Differences in results across studies may arise from se … than 10%. We did not observe respiration of the Cheyne-Stokes type. Patients had more sleep-related movement disorders (SRMD), particularly with increase of twitches and long movements. Periodic movements were not significantly increased among the patients. The method, and the data obtained may be useful for practitioners dealing with sleep disorders in geriatric po …

Heavy metals and the etiology of Parkinson's disease and other movement disorders.

Heavy metals, such as iron and manganese, are involved in neurologic disease. Most often these diseases are associated with abnormal environmental exposures or abnormal accumulations of heavy metals in the body. There is increasing recognition that heavy metals normally present in the body also may play a role in disease pathogenesis through free radical formation. When a part of the brain known as the basal ganglia is affected, movements become disordered. Parkinson's disease is one of the most common movement disorders and is related to destruction of neurons in the substantia nigra pars com…

Neuropharmacological evaluation of movement disorders that are adverse reactions to specific foods.

Three cases are reported of patients who had episodic movement disorders triggered by foods or components of the diet. In the first patient, the movement consisted of shaking the head from side to side that was triggered by milk and a number of other foods. In the second patient, the movement consisted of a repeated shrugging of the shoulders that was triggered by egg and coffee. In the third, the movement consisted of rhythmic contractions of the arms and legs that were triggered by aspartame. The first patient agreed to participate in a study in which she drank 250 ml of skim milk, an amount…

The prevalence of metoclopramide-induced tardive dyskinesia and acute extrapyramidal movement disorders.

BACKGROUND: Metoclopramide hydrochloride, a neuroleptic dopamine receptor antagonist used to treat gastric ailments, is reported to cause extrapyramidal movement disorders. The goals of this study were (1) to determine the prevalence and severity of tardive dyskinesia and acute extrapyramidal movement syndromes including akathisia, acute dystonia, and drug-induced parkinsonism in metoclopramide-treated patients and (2) to compare the prevalence and severity of tardive dyskinesia in metoclopramide-treated diabetics and nondiabetics. METHODS: From a list of metoclopramide-treated patients recei…

Treatment of hyperkinetic movement disorders with tetrabenazine: a double-blind crossover study.

Tetrabenazine, a presynaptic monoamine depleting agent, has been reported to have an ameliorating effect in a variety of hyperkinetic movement disorders. In a double-blind crossover trial of tetrabenazine versus placebo, 19 patients with a variety of hyperkinetic movement disorders were evaluated. During the evaluation period, all but 4 patients were treated for three or more weeks at a maximum dosage of 200 mg per day. The patients were examined and rated using clinical assessment of hyperkinesia, and movies of their activities were randomized and rated by an independent group of neurologists…

AI-based mouse behavior analysis in pathology: A focus on movement disorders.

Quantifying behavior in animal models is essential for understanding neurological disorders, yet traditional scoring methods often fail to capture the complexity and heterogeneity of motor dysfunction. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have enabled high-resolution, scalable analysis of rodent behavior through video-based tracking, behavioral decomposition, and inertial sensor-based motion tracking. In this review, we provide a comprehensive synthesis of AI-based approaches for behavioral analysis, with a specific focus on pathological motor phenotypes, particularly in rodent mode

Impact of COVID-19 on Movement Disorders Patients in the Outpatient Setting.

Introduction The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may have been the only worldwide infectious outbreak that many patients have experienced in their lifetime. The impact of COVID-19 on patients with chronic neurodegenerative disease, including movement disorders, is largely unknown. Since patients with movement disorders rely heavily on inpatient therapies and are closely followed by their medical team, it would be reasonable to see an increase in stress during a period of prolonged isolation. This study aimed to determine the emotional impact, stress, and burden of the COVID-19 pan…

Deep Learning Pose Estimation for Phenotyping of Co-Occurring Hyperkinetic Movement Disorders.

OBJECTIVE: To explore whether routine outpatient video combined with deep learning-based pose estimation and clinically interpretable kinematic features can support multi-label phenotyping of co-occurring hyperkinetic movement disorders (HMDs). METHODS: In this exploratory single-centre proof-of-concept study, videos from 21 patients with HMDs and 4 healthy controls were processed with markerless pose estimation (YOLOv8) and 2-dimensional keypoint trajectories transformed into kinematic descriptors spanning statistical, temporal, spectral, and complexity domains. Ten-second windows were align…

A phenomenological approach to spastic movement disorders: an international expert panel consensus.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Hyperkinetic movement disorders, characterized by complex and overlapping motor patterns, present significant challenges in classification and treatment. The inconsistency in definitions and descriptors complicates both research and clinical communication. This study aims to provide an overview of current terminology and definitions related to spasticity and other hyperkinetic movement disorders associated with central nervous system lesions. We propose a unified terminology and classification system for spastic movement disorders (SMD). METHODS: In this scoping rev…

Сексуальная дисфункция при расстройствах движения: распространенность, клинические особенности, связанные с этим факторы и управление.

Сексуальная дисфункция является распространенным, но недостаточно изученным симптомом немоторного расстройства движения. В то время как болезнь Паркинсона (PD) чаще всего исследуется, сексуальная дисфункция также отмечается в болезни Хантингтона, диспропорции и других расстройствах движения. Клинические представления являются разнородными и включают в себя сокращение желания, эректильную дисфункцию, эякуляционные и оргазмические расстройства, трудности с смазкой, диспаревинию и гиперсексуальность. В ДИ оценки распространенности заболеваний в различных исследованиях сильно различаются, главным

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Sexual dysfunction is a common but insufficiently addressed non-motor symptom in movement disorders. While Parkinson's disease (PD) is the condition most frequently investigated, sexual dysfunction is also reported in Huntington's disease, dystonia, and other movement disorders. Clinical presentations are heterogeneous, encompassing reduced desire, erectile …

Movement disorders associated with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in Alzheimer's dementia: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) are widely used in Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study aims to systematically review the literature about movement disorders (MDs) associated with AChEIs for AD, which include donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine, tacrine, and ipidacrine. METHODOLOGY: Two reviewers conducted a comprehensive review of relevant studies across six databases, without language restrictions, covering publications from 1992 to 2024. RESULTS: Overall, 74 studies containing 92 cases were found of MDs related to ACHEIs. The MDs found were Pisa syndrome in 33 patien…

Involuntary Movement Disorders in Central Nervous System Fungal Infections: A Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND: Central nervous system fungal infections, though rare, may lead to various movement disorders either due to direct fungal invasion or as adverse effects of antifungal drugs. OBJECTIVES: This systematic review aimed to consolidate all published cases and characterize the clinical patterns, mechanisms, and outcomes. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted in line with PRISMA 2020 guidelines and registered with PROSPERO (CRD420251088348). Published case reports, series, and cohorts describing movement disorders in CNS fungal infections were identified from PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus,…

Movement Disorders and Oculomotor Abnormalities in Whipple's Disease: An Updated Systematic Review.

INTRODUCTION: Whipple's disease (WhD) is a rare multisystemic infection caused by Tropheryma whipplei, with central nervous system (CNS) involvement seen in up to 50% of cases. Neurological symptoms may precede systemic features or occur in isolation. Movement disorders (MDs) and oculomotor abnormalities, especially oculomasticatory myorhythmia (OMM) and oculofacioskeletal myorhythmia (OFSM), are of a high diagnostic importance but remain underrecognized. This systematic review aims to update our understanding of MDs in CNS-WhD, building on a 2018 review. METHODS: A systematic search of MEDLI…

An Evidence-Based Update on Anticholinergic Use for Drug-Induced Movement Disorders.

Drug-induced movement disorders (DIMDs) are associated with use of dopamine receptor blocking agents (DRBAs), including antipsychotics. The most common forms are drug-induced parkinsonism (DIP), dystonia, akathisia, and tardive dyskinesia (TD). Although rare, neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a potentially life-threatening consequence of DRBA exposure. Recommendations for anticholinergic use in patients with DIMDs were developed on the basis of a roundtable discussion with healthcare professionals with extensive expertise in DIMD management, along with a comprehensive literature review. …