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Объединение терапевтического плазменного обмена с функциональными результатами в отдельных неврологических расстройствах: ретроспективное когортное исследование из одного третичного центра в Саудовской Аравии.

КОЛИЧЕСТВО: Неврологические расстройства связаны со значительной заболеваемостью и воздействием на здоровье. Терапевтический плазменный обмен (TPE) представляет собой вмешательство, которое удаляет патогенные антитела, иммунные комплексы и другие плазменные компоненты из циркуляции. Предыдущие исследования свидетельствуют о том, что ППО может быть увязано с улучшением результатов в отдельных неврологических расстройствах. ЦЕЛИ: Оценка функциональных результатов после терапевтического обмена плазмой у пациентов с отдельными неврологическими расстройствами в Национальной гвардии по вопросам здра

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BACKGROUND: Neurological disorders are associated with considerable morbidity and healthcare impact. Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is an … ived TPE between August 2015 and December 2022 at NGHA. Diagnoses included multiple sclerosis (MS), myasthenia gravis (MG), Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), autoimmune encephalitis (AE), and other neurological conditions including amyotrophic latera …

Clinical Use of Interleukin-6 Blockade in Neuroimmunological Disorders.

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine that plays a critical role in immune regulation, host defense, and tissue repair. Within … lycoprotein-associated disease (MOGAD), autoimmune encephalitis (AE), neuro-Behçet's disease (NBD), myasthenia gravis (MG), epilepsy, multiple sclerosis (MS), and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of IL-6 receptor blockade in reducing relapse rates in NMOSD, leading to regulatory approvals. Promising off-label re …

Neurological Adverse Events Associated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Identified Through Disproportionality Analysis of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System.

BACKGROUND: Neurological immune-related adverse events (N-irAEs) from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are rare but potentially fatal. Th … (< 60 vs. ≥ 60 years) were assessed using chi-squared tests. We also evaluated the co-occurrence of myasthenia gravis with myositis and/or myocarditis and its association with mortality. RESULTS: A total of 3486 ICSRs involving N-irAEs were identified, with 550 cases reporting fatal outcomes. A total of 4139 N-irAE signals were detected; among these, …

Hemodynamic response after preoperative embolization in thymoma-associated myasthenia gravis: associations with necrosis, HIF-1α expression, and CD163-positive macrophages.

BACKGROUND: Thymoma-associated myasthenia gravis is a distinct clinicopathological setting in which thymic epithelial tumor biology, autoimmunity, and perioperative neurological risk overlap. In selected hypervascular thymomas, preoperative transarterial embolization is used before surgical resection, but the tissue-level correlates of the angiographic response remain unclear. METHODS: This single-center retrospective translational cohort study included 64 patients with thymoma-associated myasthenia gravis who underwent clinically indicated preoperative embolization followed by thymectomy bet…

Honeybee comb geometry emerges from local redistribution of angular space by worker construction activity.

BACKGROUND: Mirtazapine has a unique mechanism of antidepressant action, and thus is thought to have a different profile of adverse events from that of other antidepressants. OBJECTIVE: To present a methodologically rigorous systematic review of the adverse event profile of mirtazapine and point to possible problems with safety reporting in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of the acute-phase treatment of major depression in adults with mirtazapine in comparison with other types of antidepressant. METHODS: The Cochrane Collaboration Depression, Anxiety and Neurosis Controlled Trials Regist

Lactoferrin concentration in breast milk during the first postpartum year in Lima Norte, Peru.

Bile duct injuries (BDI) tend to be more complex in laparoscopic than in open cholecystectomy procedures, and frequently involve young adults with benign pathologies. The ultimate consequence may be a liver transplantation (LT), making this situation one of the most rare transplant indications. Fatal post-transplant outcome is extreme infrequently reported. Aim of this study is to report on our single-case experience and to review the literature concerning lethal outcome after LT for major BDI following cholecystectomy. A 36-year old obese caucasian woman underwent a laparoscopic cholecystecto

[A differentiated approach to thymectomy in generalized form of myasthenia gravis].

OBJECTIVE: To identify clinical and morphological factors associated with favorable neurological outcomes after extended thymectomy in patients with generalized myasthenia gravis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A single-center retrospective study with prospective component included 103 patients with generalized myasthenia gravis who underwent extended thymectomy in 2009-2021. The primary endpoint was improvement in the Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America (MGFA) Postintervention Status classification: sustained remission, pharmacological remission, or minimal manifestations. Potential predictors in…

Case Report: Probable toripalimab-associated ocular myasthenia gravis-like presentation after chemoimmunotherapy.

Toripalimab, an anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibody developed in China, is increasingly used in the treatment of … c symptoms were documented. After differential assessment, a probable toripalimab-associated ocular myasthenia gravis-like presentation was considered. Toripalimab was discontinued, and oral methylprednisolone 20 mg once daily was administered for 6 days from January 17 to January 22, 2026, beginning the day after discharge. Ptosis improved during ear …

Navigating coexisting autoimmunity and immunodeficiency in thymoma: a case report of TAMA, Good's syndrome, and myasthenic crisis.

The coexistence of thymoma-associated multiorgan autoimmunity (TAMA) and Good's syndrome creates a challenging clinical scenario in which autoimmunity and profound immunodeficiency occur simultaneously. Here, we report a 37-year-old female with invasive WHO Type B3 thymoma and myasthenia gravis (MG) who developed progressive erythroderma-like skin lesions with graft-versus-host disease-like interface dermatitis. Immunological evaluation revealed marked hypogammaglobulinemia, absent circulating B cells, reduced CD4+ T cells, and an inverted CD4+/CD8+ ratio. During a subsequent myasthenic crisis…

Dynamic serum tumor-marker and immune-inflammatory biomarker changes for risk stratification of immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myasthenia gravis in non-small cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have reshaped the treatment landscape of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but immune-related neuromuscular toxicities remain difficult to anticipate. ICI-associated myasthenia gravis is uncommon, frequently occurs early after treatment initiation, and may overlap with myositis or myocarditis. Clinically accessible blood-based indicators that help identify patients entering this high-risk period remain insufficiently defined. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated whether early dynamic changes in serum tumor markers and immune-inflammatory biomarkers…

Traditional Chinese medicine research on rare diseases: Publication trends and future perspectives.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has increasingly attracted the attention of researchers as a potential complementary or supportive approa … e ten most frequently studied conditions accounted for more than 80% of the literature. Generalized myasthenia gravis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and multiple sclerosis together accounted for nearly half of all publications. Clinical studies and case reports or experience summaries predominated, whereas experimental studies represented only 9.03%. …

Autoimmune Reporting Signals in FAERS Reports Listing COVID-19 Vaccines as Suspect Products: An Active-Comparator Disproportionality Analysis.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Autoimmune and immune-mediated adverse events coded in reports listing COVID-19 vaccines as suspect products are rare … immune thrombocytopenia was more stable, multiple sclerosis intermediate, and acquired hemophilia, myasthenia gravis, and optic neuritis sparse/imprecise. A post hoc audit identified four potential clusters among 20 acquired-hemophilia reports; cluster collapse reduced the ROR to 2.70 (95% CI 0.30-24.18; p = 0.654). CONCLUSIONS: These findings are h …

Полиморфизм HLA в нейроиммунных болезнях: увязка представления антигенов с нейроинфламматическими программами.

Полиморфизм человека антигена лейкоцита (HLA) формирует антигенное представление и подверженность иммунизированным заболеваниям. В нейроиммунных расстройствах главный вопрос заключается в том, как зависимость от HLA антигенная видимость превращается в специфический иммунитет от болезней и повреждение тканей. В этом Обзоре мы интегрируем генетические, молекулярные, клеточные и клинические данные по множеству склерозов (MS), расстройству спектра нейромиелитов, синдрому Гильен-Барре, нарколепсии, аутоиммунальному энцефалиту и миастении гравис. :: HLA-DR15-MS Ось является наиболее механистически р

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Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) polymorphism shapes antigen presentation and susceptibility to immune-mediated disease. In neuroimmune disorde … yelitis optica spectrum disorder, Guillain-Barré syndrome, narcolepsy, autoimmune encephalitis, and myasthenia gravis. The HLA-DR15-MS axis is the most mechanistically resolved example, linking allele-specific peptide display to autoreactive T-cell repertoires and convergent Epstein-Barr virus-related immune pathways. In other disorders, this upstream …

Role of complement and complement-targeted therapeutics in neurological diseases.

Complement comprises a group of plasma and membrane proteins that provide an effective bridging function for innate and adaptive humoral immunity. Understanding complement pathophysiology is fundamental given that inappropriate complement function in host defence can lead to infectious diseases and inefficient disposal of altered, damaged or senescent cells can lead to or enhance autoimmune neurological processes. Although the rising number of approved drugs targeting complement pathways remains primarily focused on diseases with complement-fixing pathogenic antibodies (such as myasthenia grav…

Чикоричная кислота в автоматическом иммунитете: обзор ее механизмов иммуномодуляции и терапевтического потенциала.

Аутоиммунные заболевания характеризуются падением иммунной самодостаточности, что ведет к аберральным иммунным атакам против самоантигенов и ведет к постоянному системному воспалению и многоорганическому ущербу. Несмотря на десятилетия достижений в области глюкокортикоидной, иммунодепрессантной и биологической терапии, клиническое управление АД по-прежнему сталкивается с проблемами в связи с неудовлетворительной долгосрочной эффективностью, высокими показателями серьезных неблагоприятных явлений и ограниченной доступностью пациентов. Чикоричная кислота (CA), естественно встречающаяся феноличес

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Autoimmune diseases are characterized by the breakdown of immune self-tolerance, leading to aberrant immune attacks against self-antigens an … ons in other autoimmune conditions, including systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, and myasthenia gravis. Collectively, this review establishes a theoretical foundation for the preclinical research of CA, highlights its translational potential as a novel natural immunomodulator for the management of ADs, and offers insights for future dru …

Association of Individual or Family History of Autoimmune Disease With Future Development of Type 1 Diabetes.

Timely diagnosis of type 1 diabetes (T1D), especially in high-risk populations, is crucial for preventing serious health complications. T1D … ease, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, primary biliary cholangitis, ulcerative colitis, vitiligo, and myasthenia gravis. Increased prevalence of diabetes-associated autoantibody positivity was found among non-diabetic individuals with coeliac and autoimmune thyroid diseases compared with individuals without these autoimmune diseases. Increased risk of T …

Естественный эксперимент по заболеваемости нейро-воспалительными заболеваниями и инфекциям связывает до и после COVID-19.

Инфекции являются признанными причинами нескольких нервно-воспалительных расстройств. Болезнь коронавируса 2019 года (COVID-19) нефармацевтические действия резко сократили воздействие патогенов, создав естественный эксперимент по тестированию связи между инфекцией и болезнью. Используя базу данных о национальных претензиях Японии, мы сначала подтвердили, что спад в стране был отмечен двумя строго зависимыми от инфекции условиями - эпидемическим кератоконъюнктивитом и связанным с гриппом энцефалопатией - месячные случаи которых после апреля 2020 года сократились на >60%. Затем мы применили прер

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Infections are recognized triggers for several neuroinflammatory disorders. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic's non-pharmaceu … arly in women, consistent with infection-susceptible pathophysiology. The second cluster, including myasthenia gravis and optic neuritis, exhibited transient declines followed by significant positive post-intervention slopes (P < 0.001), suggesting deferred diagnosis, treatment interruption or immune rebound. The third cluster, consisting of sarcoidos …

The neurological adverse events of immune check point inhibitors in the treatment of cancer.

BackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer treatment with significant improvements in survival rates. With the … 3%; 95%CI 0.21 × 10-3%-1.32 × 10-3%), epilepsy (0.66 × 10-3%; 95%CI 0.21 × 10-3%-1.32 × 10-3%), and myasthenia gravis (0.66 × 10-3%; 95%CI 0.21 × 10-3%-1.32 × 10-3%).ConclusionTaken all together, the incidence of ICI-related neurological adverse events among patients with cancer is low and estimated at 1 in 5000 patients. Individual data analysis of I …

Harnessing Artificial Intelligence to Restore Standards in Medical and Dental Education in Pakistan.

The month of March is dedicated to Colon Cancer Awareness. Worldwide, colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence has been on the rise. It is currently the third most common cancer in men (746,000 cases, 10.0% of the total) and the second in women (614,000 cases, 9.2% of the total).1 Arecent meta-analysis reported a 61% risk reduction in CRC incidence with colonoscopy.2 Unlike screening programs for breast and prostate cancers, not only has CRC screening reduced mortality from colon cancer and detected early CRC, it has also decreased the incidence of CRC through detection and removal of pre-cancerous l

Remission of myasthenia gravis following infection with SARS-CoV-2: A case report.

This case report describes an unprecedented remission of ocular Myasthenia Gravis (MG) in a 3-year-old girl following a SARS-CoV-2 infection. Both MG and SARS-CoV-2 influence the cholinergic system, and this case underscores the importance of considering multiple factors in autoimmune disorders and the potential impact of viral infections on their course. The patient initially presented with ptosis and limited eye movement. Her diagnosis of seronegative MG was confirmed with abnormal visual evoked potentials and positive response to pyridostigmine. Her ptosis and limited extraocular muscle mov…