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Understanding the financial burden of incomplete abortion: An analysis of the out-of-pocket expenditure on postabortion care in eight public-sector health care facilities in Dakar, Senegal.

Timely access to treatment is essential for women when they experience abortion complications. Out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure is a known barrier to health care access. In 2018, we assessed the financial burden of accessing postabortion care (PAC) borne by women in Dakar, Senegal, where studies estimate that half of poor women with complications obtain PAC. We interviewed 729 women following discharge from PAC. Women reported expenditures on transportation, admission, treatment, family planning, hospitalisation, complementary tests, prescriptions, other medicines and materials. We compare wome…

Potential Impact of Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention on the Acquisition of Antibodies Against Glutamate-Rich Protein and Apical Membrane Antigen 1 in Children Living in Southern Senegal.

Seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) is defined as the intermittent administration of full treatment courses of an antimalarial drug to ch … URP-R0) and apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA-1) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in Senegalese children under the age of 10 years in 2010 living in Saraya and Velingara districts (with SMC using SP + AQ [SMC+] since 2007) and Tambacounda district (without SMC (SMC-)). For both P. falciparum antigens, total IgG response were significantly h …

Low-level environmental exposure to lead and renal adverse effects: a cross-sectional study in the population of children bordering the Mbeubeuss landfill near Dakar, Senegal.

This study deals with the health effects within a child population, neighbouring a landfill. After detecting metals in soil and air samples collected in the surroundings of the landfill and in a control site, we have studied: (i) levels of lead (Pb) and exposure biomarkers in blood and urine, (ii) oxidative stress biomarkers and (iii) renal injury by applying a set of early effect biomarkers. Levels of Pb were higher in the exposed site (i.e. 1129 mg/kg and 640 ng/m(3) in soil and air samples, respectively) versus those in the control site (i.e. 14.3 mg/kg and 9.3 ng/m(3) in soil and air sampl

A steady-state approach of benefit-cost analysis with a periodic leslie-matrix model. Presentation and application to the evaluation of a sheep-diseases preventive scheme in Kolda, Senegal.

A seasonal population-dynamics matrix model (periodic Leslie-matrix model) was developed to model short production cycles and high seasonal … ial of pasteurellosis vaccination and anthelminthic drench in traditionally managed sheep flocks in Senegal, from July 1987 to June 1988. Nineteen villages and 76 herds were involved in the experiment. Villages were randomly allocated to one of the four treatment combinations in a factorial design, and subsequent demographic rates and net offtake patterns …

Use of anticoagulants in children: a cross-sectional study at Albert Royer Children Hospital and Cardio-Pediatric Surgery Center of Fann University Hospital in Dakar, Senegal.

INTRODUCTION: the use of anticoagulants in children is less frequent and requires more precautions (higher doses, unsuitable formulations, risk of treatment-related complications). We aimed to describe the challenge of using anticoagulants in children in a sub-Saharan hospital. METHODS: we conducted a cross-sectional study at the Albert Royer National Children's Center and the Cardio-Pediatric Surgery Center of Fann University Hospital, with a prospective recruitment over a 6-month period. All patients aged 0 to 15 years who had received anticoagulant treatment and biological monitoring were

Assessment of the role of gut health in childhood stunting in a multisite, longitudinal study in India, Indonesia and Senegal: a UKRI GCRF Action Against Stunting Hub protocol.

INTRODUCTION: Childhood stunting has a complex aetiology, with poor gut health being an important contributor. This study will assess inter-relationships between maternal and infant gut health indices and infant linear growth. Inter-relationships between gut health indices, systemic inflammation and growth hormones in early childhood will also be assessed. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A longitudinal observational study of cohorts of 600 newborns and their mothers in India, Indonesia and Senegal will be conducted. Women will be recruited during pregnancy and their children followed up to age 24 month…

"I take it and give it to my partners who will give it to their partners": Secondary distribution of HIV self-tests by key populations in Côte d'Ivoire, Mali, and Senegal.

INTRODUCTION: HIV epidemics in Western and Central Africa (WCA) remain concentrated among key populations, who are often unaware of their status. HIV self-testing (HIVST) and its secondary distribution among key populations, and their partners and relatives, could reduce gaps in diagnosis coverage. We aimed to document and understand secondary HIVST distribution practices by men who have sex with men (MSM), female sex workers (FSW), people who use drugs (PWUD); and the use of HIVST by their networks in Côte d'Ivoire, Mali, and Senegal. METHODS: A qualitative study was conducted in 2021 involv…

Physico-chemical characterization of African urban aerosols (Bamako in Mali and Dakar in Senegal) and their toxic effects in human bronchial epithelial cells: description of a worrying situation.

BACKGROUND: The involvement of particulate matter (PM) in cardiorespiratory diseases is now established in developed countries whereas in de … n was analyzed in Bamako (BK, Mali, 2 samples with one having desert dust event BK1) and Dakar (DK; Senegal) for Ultrafine UF, Fine F and Coarse C PM. PM reactivity was studied in human bronchial epithelial cells investigating six biomarkers (oxidative stress responsive genes and pro-inflammatory cytokines). RESULTS: PM mass concentrations were mainly di …

Anthropometric, biochemical, dietary, morbidity and well-being assessments in women and children in Indonesia, India and Senegal: a UKRI GCRF Action Against Stunting Hub protocol paper.

INTRODUCTION: Child stunting has a complex aetiology, especially in the first 1000 days of life. Nutrition interventions alone have not prod … t. METHODS: This study will be conducted in a prospective pregnancy cohort in India, Indonesia and Senegal. Pregnant women will be recruited in the second (Indonesia, Senegal) and third (India) trimester of pregnancy, and the mother and infant dyads followed until the infant is 24 months of age. During pregnancy, anthropometric measures will be taken, ve …

Векторная компетентность Culex neavii и Culex qinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) из Сенегала для 1, 2, Кутанго и предполагаемая новая линия вируса Западного Нила.

Вирус Западного Нила (Вирус ВН) является одним из самых распространенных арбовирусов и демонстрирует огромное генетическое разнообразие с 8 линейками, по меньшей мере 4 (1, 2, Кутанго и новички) присутствуют в Африке. В Западной Африке потенциальными векторами передачи вируса ВН в сильватическом или городском контексте считаются Culex neavii и Culex qinquefasciatus. Мы проанализировали векторную компетентность этих видов Culex из Сенегала на африканские линии и последовательности белков в конвертах используемых вирусных штаммов. Мы показали, что линия 1 передается обоими комарами Culex, в то в

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
West Nile virus (WN virus) is one of the most widespread arbovirus and exhibits a great genetic diversity with 8 lineages, at least 4 (1, 2, … mission in sylvatic or urban context. We analyzed the vector competence of these Culex species from Senegal for African lineages and envelope proteins sequences of viral strains used. We showed that lineage 1 is transmitted by both Culex mosquitoes, whereas the putative new lineage 8 is transmitted only by Cx. neavei. Our findings suggest that genetic var …

Mass drug administration to reduce malaria incidence in a low-to-moderate endemic setting: short-term impact results from a cluster randomised controlled trial in Senegal.

BACKGROUND: In Africa, the scale-up of malaria control interventions, including seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC), has dramatically reduced malaria burden, but progress toward malaria elimination has stalled. We evaluated mass drug administration (MDA) as a strategy to accelerate reductions in malaria incidence in Senegal. METHODS: We conducted an open-label, cluster-randomised controlled trial in a low-to-moderate transmission setting of Tambacounda, Senegal. Eligible villages had a population size between 200-800. All villages received pyrethroid-piperonyl butoxide bednets and proactiv…

Vector competence of Aedes vexans (Meigen), Culex poicilipes (Theobald) and Cx. quinquefasciatus Say from Senegal for West and East African lineages of Rift Valley fever virus.

BACKGROUND: Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV; Phlebovirus, Bunyaviridae) is a mosquito-borne, zoonotic pathogen. In Senegal, RVFV was first isolated in 1974 from Aedes dalzieli (Theobald) and thereafter from Ae. fowleri (de Charmoy), Ae. ochraceus Theobald, Ae. vexans (Meigen), Culex poicilipes (Theobald), Mansonia africana (Theobald) and Ma. uniformis (Theobald). However, the vector competence of these local species has never been demonstrated making hypothetical the transmission cycle proposed for West Africa based on serological data and mosquito isolates. METHODS: Aedes vexans and Cx. poicil…

Seroprevalence of dengue virus antibodies among multiple species of non-human primates in Senegal suggests that sylvatic dengue virus is maintained in non-primate reservoirs in this region.

Dengue virus (DENV) circulates in two distinct transmission cycles: one, termed the sylvatic cycle, is enzootic to canopy-living hosts, including non-human primates and primatophilic mosquitoes, and the other, initiated by spillover from the sylvatic cycle, is endemic to humans and anthropophilic mosquitoes. Transmission dynamics of sylvatic DENV in non-human hosts has not been well characterized, and the identity of reservoir and amplification hosts is still to be determined. We investigated the role of the three common species of monkeys in the Kédougou region of Senegal in the sylvatic tran…

Seasonal Dynamics of Mosquito and Tick Vectors and Molecular Detection of Rift Valley Fever and Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Viruses in Transboundary and Non-Transboundary Areas of Senegal.

Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) are endemic zoonotic pathogens in Senegal, transmitted by mosquitoes and ticks, respectively. Understanding the seasonal and spatial dynamics of their vectors is essential to improve targeted surveillance. This study investigated the abundance, diversity, and viral infection status of vector populations in a transboundary region (Matam) and a non-transboundary region (Thiès) over two seasons from September 2022 to March 2024. We collected mosquitoes using CO2-baited CDC light traps and sampled ticks directly from …

Insecticide Resistance and Target-Site Mutations kdr, N1575Y, and Ace-1 in Anopheles gambiae s.l. Populations in a Low-Malaria-Transmission Zone in the Sudanian Region of Senegal.

Background/Objectives: Significant progress in malaria control has been achieved through long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS), raising hopes for malaria elimination. However, emerging insecticide resistance threatens these gains. This study assessed the susceptibility of Anopheles gambiae s.l. populations to public health insecticides, examined the frequencies of kdr, Ace-1, and N1575Y mutations, and explored their associations with phenotypic resistance in Dielmo and Ndiop, Senegal. Methods: Anopheles larvae collected between September and December 2022 we…

The potential contributions of bouillon fortification to meeting micronutrient requirements among women and preschool children in Senegal: A modeling study using household consumption and expenditure survey data.

To reduce micronutrient deficiencies, Senegal mandates the fortification of refined oil with vitamin A and wheat flour with iron and folic acid. Expanding Senegal's large-scale food fortification programs to include fortified bouillon could help fill the remaining gaps in dietary micronutrient requirements. Using 7-day household food consumption data collected between 2018 and 2019, we assessed the potential contributions of bouillon fortified with vitamin A (40-250 μg/g bouillon), folic acid (20-120 μg/g), vitamin B12 (0.2-2 μg/g), iron (0.6-5 mg/g), and zinc (0.6-5 mg/g) for meeting micronut…

Prevalence of malaria-helminth co-infections among children living in a setting of high coverage of standard interventions for malaria and helminths: Two population-based studies in Senegal.

BACKGROUND: Concurrent infections of Plasmodium falciparum with Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) and Schistosoma spp are still a major public health problem among children living in Sub-Saharan Africa. We conducted two prospective studies among children living in urban and rural settings of Senegal, where control programmes for malaria, STH and schistosomiasis have been sustained, to determine the prevalence of malaria-helminth co-infection. METHODS: We enrolled 910 children aged 1-14 years from Saraya and Diourbel districts of Senegal in June and November 2021, respectively. We collected fin…

Enthusiasm for Introducing and Integrating HIV Self-Testing but Doubts About Users: A Baseline Qualitative Analysis of Key Stakeholders' Attitudes and Perceptions in Côte d'Ivoire, Mali and Senegal.

Since 2019, the ATLAS project, coordinated by Solthis in collaboration with national AIDS programs, has introduced, promoted and delivered HIV self-testing (HIVST) in Côte d'Ivoire, Mali and Senegal. Several delivery channels have been defined, including key populations: men who have sex with men, female sex workers and people who use injectable drugs. At project initiation, a qualitative study analyzing the perceptions and attitudes of key stakeholders regarding the introduction of HIVST in their countries and its integration with other testing strategies for key populations was conducted. Th…

Effect of daily low dose of vitamin A compared with single high dose on morbidity and mortality of hospitalized mainly malnourished children in senegal: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: In vitamin A-deficient populations, children hospitalized with infections and/or malnutrition are at particular risk of developing severe vitamin A (VA) deficiency. High-dose VA supplements are recommended as part of the treatment but results on its effect on recovery from morbidity and on prevention from nosocomial morbidity are conflicting. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to assess the effect of a single high dose and daily low dose of VA on hospitalized malnourished children's morbidity. DESIGN: We carried out a double-blind, randomized trial in 604 and 610 Senegalese hospitalized childre…

Resource and infrastructure challenges on the RESIST-2 Trial: an implementation study of drug resistance genotype-based algorithmic ART switches in HIV-2-infected adults in Senegal.

BACKGROUND: Second-line treatment of HIV-2 in resource-limited settings (RLS) is complicated by a lack of controlled trial data, limited availability of HIV-2-active antiretroviral drugs, and inadequate access to drug resistance testing. We conducted an implementation trial of a dried blood spot- (DBS) based, drug resistance genotype-informed antiretroviral therapy (ART) switching algorithm for HIV-2-infected patients in Senegal. METHODS: HIV-2-infected adults initiating or receiving ART through the Senegalese national AIDS program were invited to participate in this single-arm trial. DBS fro…