Результаты поиска

Multiple Apical Radiolucencies and External Cervical Resorption Associated with Varicella Zoster Virus: A Case Report.

Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is responsible for the primary infection chickenpox. After the initial infection, it remains latent but can reactivate, resulting in shingles (herpes zoster). Previous reports have implicated VZV in the pathogenesis of apical periodontitis, but the involvement of the virus has not been investigated fully. The present case describes a patient who suffered from a severe episode of shingles and subsequently developed periapical radiolucencies of all the teeth in the affected nerve distribution. Molecular and culture techniques showed the presence of VZV DNA in the roo…

Chicken pox outbreak in the Intensive Care Unit of a tertiary care hospital: Lessons learnt the hard way.

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) causes 2 clinically and epidemiologically distinct forms of diseases. Chickenpox (varicella) is the disease that results from primary infection with the VZV. Herpes zoster (HZ) results from the reactivation of VZV latently infecting the dorsal root ganglia. We are reporting an outbreak of varicella infection among the health care workers (HCWs) in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of a tertiary care hospital. We found transmission of varicella among eight HCWs of pulmonary ICU. They had a history of contact with a patient having HZ infection. Investigation of the outbr…

IVIG treatment for VZV-related acute inflammatory polyneuropathy in a child.

Acute inflammatory polyneuropathy is an inflammatory demyelinating disease triggered by an autoimmune mechanism. It follows an infection or an immunisation after a free interval of 2-30 days. We report a case of a 14-year-old boy who develops an acute rapidly progressive paraplegia, urine incontinence and positive Lasegue a week after a characteristic chickenpox rash. Spinal MRI showed diffuse thickening and leptomeningeal enhancement of cauda equina nerve roots. Intravenous immunoglobulins were given and yielded a dramatic clinical and radiological improvement. The patient was discharged with…

Вирусы нейротропического герпеса: герпес простейший и варицелла-зостер.

Герпес простые вирусы типов 1 и 2 (HSV1 и HSV2) и вирус варицелла-зостера (VZV) обнаруживают скрытые инфекции в дорсальной корневой ганглии на протяжении всей жизни хозяина. Из этого резервуара они могут возродиться, чтобы вызвать человеческую заболеваемость и смертность. Хотя вирусы различаются в клинических расстройствах, которые они вызывают, и в их молекулярной структуре, они имеют несколько особенностей, которые влияют на процесс заражения нервной системы человека. HSV1 является источником энцефалита, кукурузной слепоты и нескольких расстройств периферической нервной системы; HSV2 являетс

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Herpes simplex viruses types 1 and 2 (HSV1 and HSV2) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) establish latent infection in dorsal root ganglia for … oencephalitis in neonates and meningitis in adults. Reactivation of VZV, the pathogen of varicella (chickenpox), is associated with herpes zoster (shingles) and central nervous system complications such as myelitis and focal vasculopathies. We review the biological, medical, and neurological aspects of acute, latent, and reactivated infections with the neuro …

Cellulitis with compartment syndrome as a complication of varicella zoster infection.

BACKGROUND: Varicella zoster infection (chickenpox) is a common and usually benign self limiting disease of childhood in non-vaccinated populations. Although varicella usually goes along with mild to moderate illness in immunocompetent patients, serious complications can arise. Varicella is highly infectious, with attack rates in susceptible individuals ranging from 61% to 100%. PATIENT: This case describes a rare but life threatening complication of varicella zoster infection in a child. CONCLUSIONS: High morbidity in non-vaccinated populations that led to rare cases of severe complications…

Best practice in primary care pathology: review 6.

This sixth best practice review examines four series of common primary care questions in laboratory medicine: (1) laboratory monitoring in hypertension and heart failure abnormalities; (2) markers of inflammatory joint disease; (3) laboratory investigation of chronic diarrhoea; and (4) mumps and chickenpox. The review is presented in question-answer format, referenced for each question series. The recommendations represent a precis of guidance found using a standardised literature search of national and international guidance notes, consensus statements, health policy documents and evidence-ba…

Idiopathic CD4+ lymphocytopenia and juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis.

We report on an association of idiopathic CD4+ lymphocytopenia (ICL) and juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis (JLP) in a pediatric-aged patient. Because of a past medical history of recurrent lung infections and severe chickenpox in infancy, immunologic investigations were done at age 6 years. On several occasions, a CD4+lymphocyte count of <300 cells/mm3 was detected, supporting the diagnosis of ICL. During follow-up, both medical (interferon-alpha) and surgical treatments of JLP were only partially efficient. Our patient developed disseminated infection with Mycobacterium avium and died at 10 y…

Recognizing biothreat diseases: realistic training using standardized patients and patient simulators.

The UofL Center for the Deterrence of Biowarfare and Bioterrorism's (CDBB's) training involving standardized patients, who can make convinci … ions of cutaneous anthrax and smallpox as well as other conditions such as recluse spider bites and chickenpox with which these biothreat infections can be confused. Exercises and drills expose deficiencies and permit essential reinforcement of skills developed in training. Unannounced exercises are especially useful in assessing public health preparedness.

[Polyvalent immunoglobulins in prevention of viral infections in children with neoplastic diseases treated with immunosuppressive therapy].

31 children with leukemias, lymphomas and solid tumors treated by polychemotherapy received prophylactic i.v. polyvalent immunoglobulins during 48 hours after exposion with varicella-zoster-virus, rubella-virus or mumps-virus. None of the 23 children with immunity against the exposed virus developed the infection. 8 children had no antibodies against the exposed virus. The prophylaxis with the polyvalent immunoglobulin protected them against chickenpox (6 children) and rubella (2 children). All children showed an elevation of the IgG level in plasma and the antibody titers against measles-, mu…

Deafness in children--an analysis.

This study was conducted at the Government Deaf and Dumb School, Thanjavur to ascertain the possible etiological factors. The social outlook of the parents of these children was analysed. Boys were more often affected (60.2%). Consanguinity was observed in 65.4% parents; 23.1% had one or more affected sibling and 14.1% had affected relatives. Parents detected the hearing disability in their children between 3-6 months of age in about 79% cases. Syphilis and chickenpox were the common antenatal associated infections. Streptomycin, chloroquine and abortificients were used during early pregnancy.…

Varicella pneumonia in the adult.

Chickenpox pneumonia can occur in as many as half of the varicella-zoster infections in adults. Although it usually exhibits a benign course, this complication can cause considerable morbidity and mortality in predisposed groups, including pregnant women and immunosuppressed patients. In these patients, the use of antiviral drugs, most notably acyclovir, has been shown to lessen the morbidity of varicella-zoster infections. Early diagnosis of lung involvement from the chest x-ray or arterial blood gas measurements, even in the absence of symptoms, is essential for optimum efficacy of drug ther…

[Visceral leishmaniasis (Kala-Azar) in a 3-year-old German infant (author's transl)].

The article reports on a case of visceral leishmaniasis in a 3-year-old child of German residents in Rome who had passed two vacations on the isle of Ischia. Initial signs were intermittent temperatures, marked anorexia, hepatosplenomegaly and pancytopenia, with spontaneous recovery after three weeks. At that time, leishmania serology was already positive, whereas no leishmania were found in several bone marrow preparations despite a most thorough search. During the following eight weeks, the patient had chickenpox and mumps. During the mumps, relapse of the visceral leishmaniasis occurred, as…

Severe hemorrhagic varicella with visceral involvement: virological and serological studies during treatment with cytosine arabinoside.

A boy 13 year-old suffered an extremely severe and prolonged attack of hemorrhagic chickenpox with visceral involvement, the diagnosis being confirmed by isolation of varicella-zoster-virus (VZV). There was no other compromising disease. All preceding vaccinations including two against smallpox had been uneventful. The severity of the attack could not be ascribed to any persistent cellular or humoral immunodeficiency. The patient developed a good antibody response. The course of serological reactions to VZV infection was studied extensively using the different techniques of complement fixation…

Thoughts, beliefs and concepts concerning infectious childhood diseases of physicians practicing homeopathic, anthroposophic and conventional medicine - a qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: Physicians who include complementary medicine in their practice are thought to have an understanding of health and disease different from that of colleagues practicing conventional medicine. The aim of this study was to identify and compare the thoughts and concepts concerning infectious childhood diseases (measles, mumps, rubella, chickenpox, pertussis and scarlet fever) of physicians practicing homeopathic, anthroposophic and conventional medicine. METHODS: This qualitative study used semistructured interviews. Participating physicians were either general practitioners or pediat…

Challenges in clinical diagnosis of Clade I Mpox: Highlighting the need for enhanced diagnostic approaches.

BACKGROUND: Due to limited diagnostic capacity and availability of point-of-care tests, diagnosis of Clade I mpox in the geographical regions most affected is usually on clinical grounds. This may be complicated due to the similarity between mpox and varicella (chickenpox) lesions. Visual assessment of lesions is also used for determining clinical progress and to assess patient outcomes in clinical trials. However, there has been no investigation into whether clinicians can (i) identify Clade I mpox compared to other viral lesions (ii) differentiate between Clade I mpox lesion stages. METHODO…

Estimating the health economic impact of the universal varicella vaccination in Argentina from 2015 to 2019.

Since the introduction of Universal Varicella Vaccination (UVV) in the Argentinean National Immunization Program in 2015, a significant decline in the incidence of varicella has been reported. This study aimed to estimate the economic impact of single-dose UVV in Argentina from 2015 to 2019. The economic impact was assessed based on the observed incidence of varicella in the post-UVV period and the number of cases avoided, obtained from a previously published study that used an Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model. The weighted average cost per case was calculated using local