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Zoonoses and pet owners: A survey on risk perception in Northern Italy.

Veterinary and human medicine are focused on the issue of emerging and re-emerging diseases, which are especially represented by zoonosis that could be a threat for public health. Zoonotic risk may come from pets: some canine and/or feline viral, bacterial, parasitic, protozoal or mycotic diseases can be transmitted directly to humans. There are several strategies to prevent the transmission of such zoonosis, and among them vaccination plays an important role. Through a survey carried out in Northern Italy aimed to collect information regarding owners' knowledge and perception of the zoonotic …

Координаты времени и пространства лимфомы Ходжкина в Сардинии, Италия.

Эпидемиологическое исследование лимфомы (HL) Ходжкина среди генетически специфического населения Итальянского острова Сардиния может дать интересные этиологические подсказки. Мы использовали базу данных 1974-2003 Случаи гематологических заболеваний в Сардинии и Байесе в целях изучения временн*х тенденций и географического распределения случаев заболевания ГЛ в разбивке по полу и возрасту ≤44 или ≥45 Годы. Мы также проверили ее связь с рядом социально-экономических и экологических факторов риска. Результаты: Возрастной и гендерный стандартный (мировое население) показатель распространенности ВИ

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… hematological malignancies diagnosed in the regional island of Sardinia, Italy in 1974–2003, including 1347 cases of Hodgkin's Lymphoma, 597 women and 750 men. … Table 1 Standardized incidence rates and APC describing the time trend of HL incidence in the total population and by age group and sex in Sardinia, Italy. …

Molecular Survey of Toxoplasma gondii in Wild Mammals of Southern Italy.

Systematic wildlife surveillance is important to aid the prevention of zoonotic infections that jeopardize human health and undermine biodiversity. Toxoplasma gondii is an opportunistic zoonotic protozoan that can infect all endothermic vertebrates, causing severe disease in immunocompromised humans and cases of congenital transmission. Humans can be infected by ingestion of raw meat containing bradyzoites or water contaminated by oocysts. In our study, we assessed the potential circulation of Toxoplasma gondii in wild mammals by performing surveillance in the Campania region (southern Italy) …

SARS-CoV2 Infection and Comorbidity in Inmates: A Study of Central Italy.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The presence of multiple chronic diseases is associated with an increase in mortality when related to COVID-19 infection. THE AIMS OF OUR STUDY WERE: (i) to evaluate the association between the severity of the COVID-19 disease, defined as symptomatic hospitalized in prison or symptomatic hospitalized out of prison, and the presence of one or more comorbidities in two prisons in central Italy: L'Aquila and Sulmona; (ii) to describe the profiles of inmates using multiple correspondence analysis (MCA). METHODS: A database was created including age, gender and clinical …

Agent Based Modelling for Simulating the Interregional Patient Mobility in Italy.

Patient mobility is considered one of the main concerns for policy-makers as it impacts financial sustainability of regional health systems due to the high percentage of patients accessing care services in other regions. For a better understanding of this phenomenon, it is necessary to define a behavioral model able to represent the patient-system interaction. In this paper we adopted the Agent-Based Modelling (ABM) approach with the aim of simulating patient flow across regions and determining which are the main factors influencing it. This may provide a new insight for policy makers to captu

Occupational carcinogens in Italy: an overview on exposure to cadmium and its compounds.

Given the recognized carcinogenicity of cadmium, several regulatory interventions have been carried out over the years to protect exposed workers. The aim of the study is to investigate the prevalence and extent of exposure to cadmium among Italian workers. Data was collected from a nation-wide occupational exposure registry (SIREP, 1996-2022). Gender-specific statistical analysis was carried out for some exposure-related variables (cadmium compound, activity sector, occupational group, firm size). Potentially exposed workers were estimated for some industrial sectors. Concurrent exposures wer

Incidence and Bayesian Mapping of Myeloid Hematologic Malignancies in Sardinia, Italy.

BACKGROUND: The epidemiology of myeloid hematologic malignancies in Italy has been poorly investigated. METHODS: We used a validated database of 1974-2003 incident cases of hematologic malignancies among the resident population (all ages) of Sardinia, Italy, to describe the incidence of myeloid malignancies overall (N = 4389 cases) and by subtype. We investigated the time trend of acute myeloid leukemia (N = 1227 cases), chronic myeloid leukemia (N = 613 cases), and myelodysplastic syndrome (N = 1296 cases), and used Bayesian methods to explore their geographic spread, and Poisson regression …

Health status assessment of a population of asylum seekers in Northern Italy.

BACKGROUND: Since 2011 Italy has faced an extraordinary increase in migrants arrivals, mainly from the Mediterranean route, one of the world's most dangerous journeys. The purpose of the present article is to provide a comprehensive picture of the migrants' health status in the "T. Fenoglio" centre, Settimo Torinese (Turin, Italy). METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using data collected from June 2016 to May 2018 on adult migrants (over 18 years old) from Africa, Middle East and South East Asia (Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Nepal). Data was collected through the migr…

Quality of endoscopic screening for colorectal cancer in Italy: A national survey.

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major healthcare problem all over the world and screening is effective in reducing mortality and in … screening for CRC and adherence to international guidelines across Gastroenterology Departments in Italy. METHODS: All members of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology (SIGE) were invited to answer a web-based survey. RESULTS: Data from 64 hospitals from 17 Italian regions were analyzed. 32/64 (50.0%) were from northern, 12/64 (18.75%) from central …

A Clinical and Epidemiological Prevalence Study on Friedreich's Ataxia in Latium, Italy.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to estimate the Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) prevalence in a highly populated region of Italy (previous studies in small geographic areas gave a largely variable prevalence) and to define the patients' molecular and clinical characteristics. METHODS: For the point-prevalence study, we considered patients belonging to families with a molecular diagnosis of FRDA and resident in Latium on 1 January 2019. The crude prevalence of FRDA, specific for age and sex, was calculated and standardized for age using the Italian population. Moreover, we investigated possibl…

Prevalence and characteristics of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) in Italy.

PURPOSE: Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is a benign condition characterized by ossification of the spine and prominent enthesopathies. Highly heterogeneous epidemiological figures have been reported in the literature, while in Italy the largest study has been conducted in 1992. The aim of our research is to contribute updated information about prevalence of DISH in Italy and to describe the clinical and radiographic characteristics associated with the disorder. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective review of lumbosacral spine, thoracic spine and pelvis radiographs was perform…

Public awareness of developmental language disorder in Croatia, Italy and Slovenia.

BACKGROUND: Previous research, although scarce, has indicated that the general public is still relatively unaware of developmental language disorder (DLD), one of the most common (neuro)developmental disorders. Raising awareness would increase timely involvement in intervention procedures. AIMS: To examine public awareness of DLD in the neighbouring countries of Croatia, Italy and Slovenia, as well as to assess the influence of age, gender and education level on that awareness. Also, to investigate public knowledge about the professionals who recognize DLD and to compare the awareness of DLD …

Monkeypox Virus Infections in Southern Italy: Is There a Risk for Community Spread?

The ongoing outbreak of the Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is characterized by sustained human-to-human transmission, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM). The aim of the study was to describe the characteristics of the MPXV infection identified in Southern Italy. Clinical samples for each suspected case identified from 1 June to 1 August 2022 were tested for MPXV, and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on two strains. Ten cases were identified: eight were young adult males, including six MSMs, and two were female. Nine subjects reported recent sexual exposure. One female subjec…

Sand Flies and Pathogens in the Lowlands of Emilia-Romagna (Northern Italy).

Cases of sand fly-borne diseases in the Emilia-Romagna region, such as meningitis caused by Toscana virus and human leishmaniasis, are reported annually through dedicated surveillance systems. Sand flies are abundant in the hilly part of the region, while the lowland is unsuitable habitat for sand flies, which are found in lower numbers in this environment with respect to the hilly areas. In this study, we retrieved sand flies collected during entomological surveillance of the West Nile virus (from 2018 to 2021) to assess their abundance and screen them for the presence of pathogens. Over the

Indirect impact of Covid-19 on hospital care pathways in Italy.

Earlier in 2020, seven Italian regions, which cover 62% of the Italian population, set up the Mimico-19 network to monitor the side effects of the restrictive measures against Covid-19 on volumes and quality of care. To this aim, we retrospectively analysed hospital discharges data, computing twelve indicators of volume and performance in three clinical areas: cardiology, oncology, and orthopaedics. Weekly indicators for the period January-July 2020 were compared with the corresponding average for 2018-2019; comparisons were performed within 3 sub-periods: pre-lockdown, lockdown, and post-lock

The Medical Home Initiative in Italy: an Analysis of Changes in Healthcare Utilization.

BACKGROUND: Seventeen medical homes (MHs) were established in the Local Health Authority (LHA) of Parma (about 450,000 residents), Emilia Romagna, Italy, between 2011 and 2016. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the effects of MH implementation on healthcare utilization. DESIGN: We conducted a longitudinal cohort study (01/2011-12/2017) using the Parma LHA administrative healthcare database. PARTICIPANTS: Residents for ≥1 year and older than 14 years of age with a documented primary care physician (PCP) in Parma LHA. INTERVENTION: MH exposure status was classified for each resident as either receiving…

Ante-mortem characterization of sudden deaths as first-manifestation in Italy.

PURPOSE: There is a relative paucity of data on ante-mortem clinical characteristics of young (age 1 to 35 years) sudden death (SD) victims. The aim of the study was to characterize ante-mortem characteristics of SD victims, in a selected national cohort identified by a web search. METHODS: A dataset of all SD (January 2010 and December 2015) was built from national forensic data and medical records, integrated with Google search model. Families were contacted to obtain consent for interviews. Data were obtained on ante-mortem symptoms. ECG characteristics and autopsy data were available. RE

Ten years of pluviometric analyses in Italy for civil protection purposes.

The concept of climate change has grown in recent decades, influencing the scientific community to conduct research on meteorological parame … d regarding the relative frequencies of given rainfall events in the Warning Hazard Zones (WHZs) of Italy. The derived products of this work could answer this question for both weather and hydrogeological operators thanks to the frequency and spatio-temporal distribution analyses conducted on 10-year daily rainfall data over the entire Italian territory …

Epidemiology and prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infections in children in Italy.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading global cause of respiratory infections in infants and the second most frequent cause of dea … o prevent RSV infections starting at the time of birth. RSV is active between November and April in Italy, and prevention strategies must ensure that all neonates and infants under 1 year of age are protected during the endemic season, regardless of gestational age at birth and timing of birth relative to the epidemic season. Approaches under developmen …