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Efficacy and Safety of Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab to Prevent COVID-19 (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Tixagevimab/cilgavimab (TGM/CGM) are neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) directed against different epitopes of the receptor-binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein that have been considered as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Objectives: This study seeks to assess the efficacy and safety of TGM/CGM to prevent COVID-19 in patients at high risk for breakthrough and severe SARS-CoV-2 infection who never benefited maximally from SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and for those who have a contraindication to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Design: This study is a systematic review and meta-analy

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… Rheum. Dis. 2021;80:1322–1329. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-220626. 2. Rusk D.S., Strachan C.C., Hunter B.R. Lack of immune response after mRNA vaccination to SARS-CoV-2 in a solid organ transplant patient. J. Med. Virol. 2021;93:5623–5625. doi: 10.1002/jmv.27044. 3. …

A Bibliometric Analysis and Visualization of Decision Support Systems for Healthcare Referral Strategies.

BackgroundThe referral process is an important research focus because of the potential consequences of delays, especially for patients with serious medical conditions that need immediate care, such as those with metastatic cancer. Thus, a systematic literature review of recent and influential manuscripts is critical to understanding the current methods and future directions in order to improve the referral process.MethodsA hybrid bibliometric-structured review was conducted using both quantitative and qualitative methodologies. Searches were conducted of three databases, Web of Science, Scopus

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… Rheum. Dis. 2013 72 13 22 10.1136/annrheumdis-2011-201063 22532640 20. Mansell G. Shapley M. Jordan J.L. Jordan K. Interventions to reduce primary care delay in cancer referral: A systematic review Br. J. Gen. Pr. 2011 61 e821 e835 10.3399/bjgp11X613160 PMC3223780 22137419 21. Janssen M. …

Toward fully exploiting the therapeutic potential of marketed pharmaceuticals: the use of octreotide and chloroquine in oncology.

Pleiotropy in biological systems and their targeting allows many pharmaceuticals to be used for multiple therapeutic purposes. Fully exploiting the therapeutic properties of drugs that are already marketed would be highly advantageous. This is especially the case in the field of oncology, where the ineffectiveness of typical anticancer agents is a common issue, while the development of novel anticancer agents is a costly and particularly time-consuming process. Octreotide and chloroquine are two pharmaceuticals that exhibit profound antitumorigenic activities. However, the current therapeutic

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… chloroquinoline derivatives for treating Parkinson’s disease: implications for drug discovery Expert Opin Drug Discov 2016 11 4 337 341 26924734 10.1517/17460441.2016.1154529 PMC4810450 8 Freedman A Steinberg VL Chloroquine in rheumatoid arthritis; a double blindfold trial of treatment for one year Ann Rheum …

Exploring the implementation of patient-reported outcome measures in cancer care: need for more real-world evidence results in the peer reviewed literature.

BackgroundTo explore the existing evidence of the real-world implementation of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in oncology clinical practice and address two aims: (1) summarize available evidence of PRO use in clinical practice using a framework based on the International Society for Quality of Life Research (ISOQOL) PRO Implementation Guide; and (2) describe reports of real-world, standardized PRO administration in oncology conducted outside of scope of a research study.MethodsA Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol was developed to guide the sy

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… Ann Rheum Dis. 1993;52(9):650–654. doi: 10.1136/ard.52.9.650. 43. Seow H, Sussman J, Martelli-Reid L, Pond G, Bainbridge D. Do high symptom scores trigger clinical actions? An audit after implementing electronic symptom screening. …

S100A4 in Cancer Metastasis: Wnt Signaling-Driven Interventions for Metastasis Restriction.

The aberrant activity of Wnt signaling is an early step in the transformation of normal intestinal cells to malignant tissue, leading to more aggressive tumors, and eventually metastases. In colorectal cancer (CRC), metastasis accounts for about 90% of patient deaths, representing the most lethal event during the course of the disease and is directly linked to patient survival, critically limiting successful therapy. This review focuses on our studies of the metastasis-inducing gene S100A4, which we identified as transcriptional target of β-catenin. S100A4 increased migration and invasion in v

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… Increase in production of matrix metalloproteinase 13 by human articular chondrocytes due to stimulation with S100A4: Role of the receptor for advanced glycation end products Arthritis Rheum. 2006 54 2901 2911 10.1002/art.22042 16948116 34. Hopwood B. Tsykin A. Findlay D.M. Fazzalari N.L. …

Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation plays a role in relieving cancer pain.

Tumors can invade, compress, and damage nerves, leading to persistent pain and seriously affecting the quality of life of patients. However, their treatment is challenging. Sensitization of peripheral receptors, abnormal activity of primary sensory neurons, activation of glial cells, enhanced inflammatory responses, and sensory information transmission contribute towards cancer pain. Therefore, considerable attention has been paid to exploring prospective methods to inhibit the occurrence of these factors and relieve cancer pain. Studies on different types of pains have revealed that the trans

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… Arthritis Rheum. 46 (12), 3349–3360. 10.1002/art.10696 Jung N., Park S., Choi Y., Park J. W., Hong Y. B., Park H. H., et al. (2016). Tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into a Schwann cell phenotype and promote peripheral nerve regeneration. Int. J. Mol. …

A year in pharmacology: new drugs approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2023.

With 54 new drugs and seven cellular and gene therapy products, the approvals by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recovered 2023 from the 2022 dent back to the levels of 2020-2021. As in previous years of this annual review, we assign these new drugs to one of three levels of innovation: first drug against a condition ("first-in-indication"), first drug using a novel molecular mechanism ("first-in-class"), and "next-in-class," i.e., a drug using an already exploited molecular mechanism. We identify four (7%) "first-in-indication," 22 (36%) "first-in-class," and 35 (57%) "next-in-class

Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma: A Review of Available Therapies and Clinical Scenarios Encountered in Myeloma Relapse.

Multiple myeloma remains an incurable disease with the usual disease course requiring induction therapy, autologous stem cell transplantation for eligible patients, and long-term maintenance. Risk stratification tools and cytogenetic alterations help inform individualized therapeutic choices for patients in hopes of achieving long-term remissions with preserved quality of life. Unfortunately, relapses occur at different stages of the course of the disease owing to the biological heterogeneity of the disease. Addressing relapse can be complex and challenging as there are both therapy- and patie

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… Rheum. Dis. 2008;68:246–248. doi: 10.1136/ard.2008.092031. 2. Rajkumar S.V., Harousseau J.L., Durie B., Anderson K.C., Dimopoulos M., Kyle R., Blade J., Richardson P., Orlowski R., Siegel D., et al. …

Hyaluronic Acid as a Modern Approach in Anticancer Therapy-Review.

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a linear polysaccharide and crucial component of the extracellular matrix (ECM), maintaining tissue hydration and tension. Moreover, HA contributes to embryonic development, healing, inflammation, and cancerogenesis. This review summarizes new research on the metabolism and interactions of HA with its binding proteins, known as hyaladherins (CD44, RHAMM), revealing the molecular basis for its distinct biological function in the development of cancer. The presence of HA on the surface of tumor cells is a sign of an adverse prognosis. The involvement of HA in malignancy h

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… Arthritis Rheum. 1977 7 141 152 10.1016/0049-0172(77)90020-8 929207 15. Lee J. Spicer A. Leeand JY, Spicer AP. Hyaluronan: A Multifunctional, MegaDalton, Stealth Molecule Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 2000 12 581 586 10.1016/S0955-0674(00)00135-6 10978893 16. Burdick J.A. Prestwich G.D. …

Perspective Applications and Associated Challenges of Using Nanocellulose in Treating Bone-Related Diseases.

Bone serves to maintain the shape of the human body due to its hard and solid nature. A loss or weakening of bone tissues, such as in case of traumatic injury, diseases (e.g., osteosarcoma), or old age, adversely affects the individuals quality of life. Although bone has the innate ability to remodel and regenerate in case of small damage or a crack, a loss of a large volume of bone in case of a traumatic injury requires the restoration of bone function by adopting different biophysical approaches and chemotherapies as well as a surgical reconstruction. Compared to the biophysical and chemothe

Harnessing the Therapeutic Potential of Capsaicin and Its Analogues in Pain and Other Diseases.

Capsaicin is the most predominant and naturally occurring alkamide found in Capsicum fruits. Since its discovery in the 19th century, the therapeutic roles of capsaicin have been well characterized. The potential applications of capsaicin range from food flavorings to therapeutics. Indeed, capsaicin and few of its analogues have featured in clinical research covered by more than a thousand patents. Previous records suggest pleiotropic pharmacological activities of capsaicin such as an analgesic, anti-obesity, anti-pruritic, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, and neur

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… Arthritis Rheum. 1994;23:25–33. doi: 10.1016/S0049-0172(10)80023-X. 113. McCleane G. The analgesic efficacy of topical capsaicin is enhanced by glyceryl trinitrate in painful osteoarthritis: A randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study. Eur. J. …

American Society of Hematology 2026 guidelines on diagnosis of light chain amyloidosis.

BACKGROUND: Light chain (AL) amyloidosis is a rare disease caused by the misfolding of immunoglobulin light chains produced by a plasma cell dyscrasia. Patients can present with involvement of many organs, including the heart, kidneys, liver, nerves, and other sites, resulting in a high symptom burden. Timely and accurate diagnosis is important to prevent organ failure and improve patient survival. OBJECTIVE: These evidence-based guidelines of the American Society of Hematology (ASH) are intended to support patients and clinicians in the timely and effective diagnosis of AL amyloidosis. METH

Anticancer natural products from the Middle East and North Africa: biodiversity, mechanisms, and translational challenges.

Cancer remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, imposing substantial clinical, societal, and economic burdens. Despite major advances in surgical oncology, systemic chemotherapy, radiation therapy, molecularly targeted therapeutics, and immune checkpoint inhibition, contemporary cancer treatment remains constrained by dose-limiting toxicities, intratumoral and intertumoral heterogeneity, and the inexorable emergence of multifaceted drug resistance mechanisms. These persistent therapeutic challenges have reinstated interest in natural products (NPs) as evolutionar

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… Semin Arthritis Rheum. (2015) 45:341–50. doi: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2015.06.013 90. Yu L, Gong Y, Song H, Lang L, Yu J, Ma Y, et al. A review on the microtubule inhibitory effects of active ingredients extracted from TCMs and ethnic medicines in cancer treatment. …

Structure and function of therapeutic antibodies approved by the US FDA in 2023.

In calendar year 2023, the United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) approved a total of 55 new molecular entities, of which 12 were in the class of therapeutic antibodies. Besides antibody protein drugs, the US FDA also approved another five non-antibody protein drugs, making the broader class of protein drugs about 31% of the total approved drugs. Among the 12 therapeutic antibodies approved by the US FDA, 8 were relatively standard IgG formats, 3 were bivalent, bispecific antibodies and 1 was a trivalent, bispecific antibody. In 2023, no new antibody-drug conjugates, immunocytokin

Mechanisms and management of CAR T toxicity.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies have dramatically improved treatment outcomes for patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. Despite unprecedented efficacy, treatment with CAR T cell therapies can cause a multitude of adverse effects which require monitoring and management at specialized centers and contribute to morbidity and non-relapse mortality. Such toxicities include cytokine release syndrome, immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome, neuro

Application of toll-like receptors (TLRs) and their agonists in cancer vaccines and immunotherapy.

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) expressed in various immune cell types and perform multiple purposes and duties involved in the induction of innate and adaptive immunity. Their capability to propagate immunity makes them attractive targets for the expansion of numerous immunotherapeutic approaches targeting cancer. These immunotherapeutic strategies include using TLR ligands/agonists as monotherapy or combined therapeutic strategies. Several TLR agonists have demonstrated significant efficacy in advanced clinical trials. In recent years, multiple reports est

Systemic amyloid light-chain amyloidosis beyond ANDROMEDA: Diagnostic challenges and therapeutic updates.

Systemic immunoglobulin light-chain amyloidosis is a rare but life-threatening plasma cell disorder characterized by the production of misfolded monoclonal light chains that deposit as amyloid fibrils, leading to pathologic tissue remodeling and progressive multiorgan dysfunction. Despite substantial therapeutic advances, delayed diagnosis remains common because of nonspecific presentations and the need for coordinated hematologic, pathologic, and organ-specific evaluation. The introduction of daratumumab-based regimens has transformed frontline therapy, whereas advances in cytogenetic profili

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… Arthritis Rheum . 2006 ; 54 ( 6 ): 2015 ‐ 2021 . doi: 10.1002/art.21902 16732553 51 Muchtar E , Dispenzieri A , Lacy MQ , et al. Overuse of organ biopsies in immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis (AL): the consequence of failure of early recognition . …

When Cancer Clots: An Extensive Radiologic Analysis of Cancer-Associated Thromboembolism.

Cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with malignancy, yet its imaging manifestations extend far beyond the conventional diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. This comprehensive review examines the full spectrum of CAT as encountered by radiologists, from routine venous thromboembolism to unusual-site thromboses, arterial thromboembolic events, catheter-related complications, and endovascular management strategies. Patients with cancer face a four- to seven-fold increased risk of venous thromboembolism compared with the

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… Arthritis Rheum. 2024;66:152440. doi: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2024.152440. 50. Cacoub P., Vieira M., Langford C.A., Tazi Mezalek Z., Saadoun D. Large-vessel vasculitis. Lancet. 2025;406:2017–2032. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01436-9. 51. …

Skeletal organoids.

The skeletal system, composed of bones, muscles, joints, ligaments, and tendons, serves as the foundation for maintaining human posture, mobility, and overall biomechanical functionality. However, with ageing, chronic overuse, and acute injuries, conditions such as osteoarthritis, intervertebral disc degeneration, muscle atrophy, and ligament or tendon tears have become increasingly prevalent and pose serious clinical challenges. These disorders not only result in pain, functional loss, and a marked reduction in patients' quality of life but also impose substantial social and economic burdens.

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… Arthritis Rheum. 1982;25:480. 78. O’Connor S. K., Katz D. B., Oswald S. J., Groneck L., Guilak F. Formation of osteochondral organoids from murine induced pluripotent stem cells. Tissue Eng Part A. 2021;27:1099–1109. doi: 10.1089/ten.tea.2020.0273. 79. Lin W., Wang M., Xu L., Tortorella M., Li G. …

Senescent T cells: Beneficial and detrimental roles.

As the thymus involutes during aging, the T-cell pool has to be maintained by the periodic expansion of preexisting T cells during adulthood. A conundrum is that repeated episodes of activation and proliferation drive the differentiation of T cells toward replicative senescence, due to telomere erosion. This review discusses mechanisms that regulate the end-stage differentiation (senescence) of T cells. Although these cells, within both CD4 and CD8 compartments, lose proliferative activity after antigen-specific challenge, they acquire innate-like immune function. While this may confer broad i

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… Arthritis Rheum. 1998;41(12):2108‐2116. doi: 10.1002/1529-0131(199812)41:12<2108::AID-ART5>3.0.CO;2-Q 179. Kaneko N, Chen H, Perugino CA, et al. Cytotoxic CD8 + T cells may be drivers of tissue destruction in Sjögren's syndrome. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):15427. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-19397-w 180. …