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Acute Dystonic Reaction Following General Anesthetic Agent Use.

BACKGROUND: A 36-year-old Thai female who underwent a thymectomy under general anesthesia developed acute abnormal movements in the craniofacial region immediately after awakening with preserved consciousness. PHENOMENOLOGY: Intermittent abnormal movements included oculogyric crisis; tongue protrusion; blepharospasm; and oro-mandibular dystonia consisting of risus sardonicus, jaw opening, and right torticollis. EDUCATIONAL VALUE: An acute dystonic reaction can be a complication of either single or combined general anesthetic agents.

Effect of Botulinum toxin A application in neuro-ophtalmologic indications on Schirmers test and tears osmolarity.

Botulinum toxin type A (BT-A) is used in the treatment of neuro-ophthalmologic disorders such as essential blepharospasm and facial hemispasm for more than 20 years. Although the long-term effect of repeated application of the BT-A was confirmed, the BT-A effect on tears production and retention is not clear. In our work we investigated whether applied BT-A in patients with blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm affect tears production. Tears quality was measured with Schirmers and tear osmolarity test during neuro-ophthalmologic diseases treatment, which was evaluated before and 14 days after app…

Dystonia: phenomenology.

In 1984, dystonia was defined by an ad hoc committee of the Dystonia Medical Research Foundation as a syndrome of involuntary, sustained mus … of primary dystonias have their onset in adults. Late-onset, primary, focal dystonia, particularly blepharospasm, may spread to affect other anatomical segments. Patients with focal dystonia may also exhibit spontaneous remissions that last for years. Although sensory tricks are commonly reported by patients with primary dystonia, they have also been described …

Pharmacokinetic properties of different formulations of botulinum neurotoxin type A.

Although the relative potency measured by the number of units per nanogram of the toxin is different for the three preparations (BOTOX = 20 … e 4.2 to 1. In a single-blind, randomized comparison study of Dysport and BOTOX in 91 patients with blepharospasm or hemifacial spasm, it was found that 4:1 dose ratio produced similar benefits. A similar 4:1 Dysport:BOTOX ratio was found to produce equivalent beneficial effects in a double-blind study in patients with blepharospasm, but the frequency of side e …

Chronic bilateral keratitis in autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiadis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED). A long-term follow-up and visual prognosis.

PURPOSE: To report the outcome of chronic bilateral keratitis and other ocular manifestations in autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The material consists of 69 patients with APECED, who were examined by the senior author as referrals from the pediatricians. The patients were seen at the Helsinki University Eye Hospital a total of 370 times and the follow-up periods range from 2 to 25 years. RESULTS: 25% of the patients had chronic bilateral keratitis with symptoms of intense photophobia, blepharospasm and lacrimation. On 13 patients…

Verapamil substantially increases the chemomyectomy effect of doxorubicin injected into rabbit or monkey eyelid.

Local doxorubicin injections have been used clinically to treat blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm, and other related disorders permanently and nonsurgically. Doxorubicin is an effective myotoxic agent for the removal of the orbicularis oculi muscle in the eyelid after local injection. Injections of this drug alone resulted in removal of up to 70% of the muscle fibers from the treated eyelids in monkeys. The authors attempted to optimize the conditions for doxorubicin myotoxicity of the orbicularis oculi. Doxorubicin was injected shortly after local verapamil injection in rabbits and a monkey in …

Facial dystonia: clinical features, prognosis and pharmacology in 31 patients.

The natural history and response to different treatments were assessed in 31 consecutive patients with blepharospasm (BS) and/or oromandibular dystonia (OMD). The mean age at onset was 52.4 years and there was a female preponderance of 2.5 to 1. Ocular symptoms preceded the onset of blepharospasm in more than 50% of the affected patients, whereas psychiatric and dental problems prior to the onset of focal dystonia were found in 10% and 13% of the cases respectively. Dystonia elsewhere, mainly in the craniocervical area, was found in 23% of patients and appeared to follow a somatotopic progress…

[Meige's syndrome or segmental craniocervical dystonia: terminology, history and contemporary view].

The term "Meige's syndrome" or "Breughel's syndrome" is used by specialists for the description of blepharospasm with the involuntary movements in the lower part of the face and/or masseter muscle. These eponyms "Meige's syndrome" and "Breughel's syndrome" make some mess in the terminology. The term "segmental craniocervical dystonia" joins different blepharospam-plus phenotypes and reflects contemporary perceptions about its genetic and pathophysiological community. Botulinotherapy is in fact the only way of symptomathic treatment of craniocervical dystonias.

Cognitive Performance After Facial Botulinum Toxin Treatment in a Cohort of Neurologic Patients: An Exploratory Study.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate higher cognitive functions after mimicry changes after facial botulinum toxin (BTX) injections, we tested verbal and nonverbal reasoning in patients with blepharospasm or hemifacial spasm before and after their long-term botulinum toxin treatment. DESIGN: Explorative, nonrandomized, clinical trial. SETTING: Patients receiving ambulatory care and control participants from the general community. PARTICIPANTS: Volunteer sample (N=84) of patients (n=21) with blepharospasm or hemifacial spasm who received facial BTX injections. Control participants included patients (n=…

[Spontaneous oral dyskinesia. Successful treatment with tetrabenazine (author's transl)].

Tetrabenazine (50-150 mg/day) was a moderate to excellent efficacy in each of six patients with severe spontaneous oral dyskinesia. Slight akinesia, rigidity, and transient disorientation were occasional side effects that could easily be controlled and were tolerated by the patient in view of the lasting amelioration of this debilitating symptom. When tetrabenazine was administered for blepharospasm, only two of six cases showed partial improvement with more severe side effects.

Objective demonstration of eyelid spasm relief with smartphone and custom software in hemifacial spasm patients.

PURPOSE: To objectively demonstrate eyelid spasms relief in hemifacial spasm (HFS) patients using a smartphone and a custom-made software. METHODS: Nineteen patients with HFS had standardized videos recorded with a smartphone (iPhone 6S, Apple) camera before and 15 days after receiving onabotulinumtoxinA injections. Nineteen age-matched control subjects were also assessed. The Eye Aspect Ratio (EAR) is an algorithm previously described to determine whether the eye is opened or closed. When the eye is closed, EAR tends to be closer to zero. Analogously, if the eye is wide open, values are grea

The wrong end of the telescope: neuromuscular mimics of movement disorders (and vice versa).

The rapid advances in modern neurology have led to increased specialisation in clinical practice. Being an expert in a neurology subspecialt … re, and includes, for example, involuntary eyelid closure (which could be active eye closure due to blepharospasm, or ptosis due to weakness). Other overlapping features include abnormal postures, involuntary movements and gait changes. We describe two of these overlapping features in more detail and emphasise the possible consequences of 'looking through the w …

[Bruxism and magnesium, my clinical experiences since 1980].

Bruxism and facial tics are most often atypical forms of tetany. Prolonged treatment by magnesium administration nearly always leads to their disappearance and also an improvement in associated functional disorders.

Коррекция сильного энтропиона в верхнем глазу.

Процедуры разделения лилов были описаны давным-давно. Несмотря на неоднократные описания различных авторов, этот метод не является широко известным. Мы используем технику голого звёзд, оставляя любую пересадку. Кроме того, мы обнаружили радиальные надрезы на носовых и временных краях переднего хряща, так как часто насаждаемый блюстапасм отменяется за счет ослабления брезентовой части мышечной мышцы. Кроме того, в то же время наблюдается меньше тенденции к тому, чтобы передние загадки спускались к крышке крышки.

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Lid splitting procedures have been described a long time ago. Despite repeated descriptions by various authors, the method is not widely known. We use a bare-tarsus technique, omitting any grafting. In addition, we found radial incisions at the nasal and temporal edges of the anterior lamella advantageous, as the often superimposed blepharospasm is abolished…

Controversy: botulinum toxin in pregnancy.

Botulinum toxin A (BTX-A), a purified protein derived from the bacteria Clostridium botulinum, has been widely used in aesthetic dermatology. Though BTX-A was initially used by neurologists extensively for neurological conditions such as blepharospasm, strabismus headaches, dystonia and spasticity, it has become popular among dermatologists and plastic surgeons for its cosmetic indications. Its use in pregnancy has been controversial and this article deals with the issues of use of BTX-A in pregnancy.

[Posterior laryngeal stenosis in patient with Meige's Syndrome].

Meige's Syndrome is a combination of blepharospasm and oromandibular dystonia (cranial dystonia) that can affect the pharyngeal and respiratory musculature. We are reporting a case of a 61 year-woman with this diagnosis who presented a laryngeal stenosis due to sinequia on posterior commissure. The symptoms were an association of hoarseness and dyspnea with a clear movement in all pharyngo-laryngeal structures because of her illness. She was operated by Laser surgery with section of such sinequia and going on treatment in Neurology.

[Organic versus functional factors in the diagnosis of conversion disorders (author's transl)].

Conversion symptoms involving conspicous pseudoneurological signs of the motor system are very seldom today. To differentiate in these cases between organic and functional disturbances is highly difficult. Two patients are described. A 25 year old soldier with the symptomatology of a repetitive transverse lesion of the spinal cord and a 70 year old pensioner with a blepharospasm. They both showed an accompanying depression. Diagnostic criteria, psychodynamic models and especially the organic background of conversion symptoms are discussed.