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A case report on the use of topical cysteamine 5% cream in the management of refractory postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) resistant to triple combination cream (hydroquinone, topical corticosteroids, and retinoids).

BACKGROUND: Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) occurs as a result of different inflammatory dermatoses and exogenous factors in indivi … esized that cysteamine reduces melanin production by inhibiting key melanogenic enzymes required in melanogenesis. Its efficacy and tolerability have been demonstrated in two randomized controlled trials against placebo in patients with melasma. This report demonstrates a successful use of cysteamine 5% cream in a patient with chronic severe PIH.

Transcriptomic analysis of eyelid pigmentation in Hereford cattle.

The study of skin color in cattle holds both economic and scientific interest. Several ocular diseases of cattle have been associated with l … ion in both eyelids. Most of the up-regulated genes in pigmented samples are directly implicated in melanogenesis and melanosome development, whereas up-regulated genes in non-pigmented samples are implicated in cancer development and the immune system, among other functions. Interestingly, network analysis comparing pigmented vs. non-pigmented samples revealed …

Cysteine Proteases from V. cundinamarcensis (C. candamarcensis) Inhibit Melanoma Metastasis and Modulate Expression of Proteins Related to Proliferation, Migration and Differentiation.

Previous studies showed that P1G10, a proteolytic fraction from Vasconcellea cundinamarcensis latex, reduced the tumor mass in animals beari … nd glycolytic enzymes show increased expression after exposure to CMS-2, along with an induction of melanogenesis (differentiation marker). The down regulation of cofilin 1, a protein involved in cell motility, may explain the inhibition of cell migration and dendritic-like outgrowth in B16-F10 and Melan-a, observed after CMS-2 treatment. Taken together, it is …

Inhibition of Human Tyrosinase Requires Molecular Motifs Distinctively Different from Mushroom Tyrosinase.

Tyrosinase is the rate-limiting enzyme of melanin production and, accordingly, is the most prominent target for inhibiting hyperpigmentation … sibly inhibited melanin production (IC50 = 0.9 μmol/L), whereas hydroquinone irreversibly inhibited melanogenesis (IC50 = 16.3 μmol/L). Clinically, Thiamidol visibly reduced the appearance of age spots within 4 weeks, and after 12 weeks some age spots were indistinguishable from the normal adjacent skin. The full potential of Thiamidol to reduce hyperpigmentati …

Topography of Protein Kinase C βII in Benign and Malignant Melanocytic Lesions.

BACKGROUND: Protein kinase C βII promotes melanogenesis and affects proliferation of melanocytic cells but is frequently absent or decreased in melanoma cells in vitro. OBJECTIVE: To investigate PKC-βII expression and spatial distribution within a lesion in various benign and malignant melanocytic proliferations. METHODS: Expression of PKC-βII was semiquantitatively assessed in the various existing compartments (intraepidermal [not nested], junctional [nested], and dermal) of benign (n = 43) and malignant (n = 28) melanocytic lesions by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Melanocytes in the basa…

Nobiletin, a polymethoxy flavonoid, reduced endothelin-1 plus SCF-induced pigmentation in human melanocytes.

Nobiletin is a unique flavonoid having polymethoxy groups and has exhibited anti-inflammatory and antiobesity effects. Here, we examined the inhibition of nobiletin on melanogenesis induced by endothelin-1 (ET) and stem cell factor (SCF) in normal human melanocytes. Nobiletin dose dependently reduced ET plus SCF-stimulated tyrosinase activity without causing cytotoxicity. Nobiletin reduced cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) expression, which is a key transcription factor for tyrosinase expression in pigmentatio…

Expression of iNOS and NF-κB in melasma: an immunohistochemical study.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in the pathogenesis of mela … relation of both iNOS and NF-κB in melasma could provide evidence about their role as co-players in melanogenesis and might provide new targets for a more efficient treatment for melasma.

Aqueous fraction from Cuscuta japonica seed suppresses melanin synthesis through inhibition of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway in B16F10 cells.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Semen cuscutae has been used traditionally to treat pimples and alleviate freckles and melasma in Korea. The present study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of Cuscuta japonica Choisy seeds on alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-induced melanogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The aqueous fraction from Semen cuscutae (AFSC) was used to determine anti-melanogenic effects by examination of cellular melanin contents, tyrosinase activity assay, cAMP assay and Western blot analysis for melanin synthesis-related signaling proteins in B16F10 mouse melan…

Sphingosine-1-phosphate decreases melanin synthesis via microphthalmia-associated transcription factor phosphorylation through the S1P3 receptor subtype.

OBJECTIVES: Previously, we reported that sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) reduced melanin synthesis. In this study we have investigated S1P rec … olished the hypopigmentary effects and ERK pathway activation by S1P, suggesting that S1P regulated melanogenesis via its receptor. The use of specific receptor antagonists indicated that the S1P(3) receptor was dominantly involved in S1P-induced ERK activation and hypopigmentation. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that S1P reduced melanin synthesis via S1P( …

Morphological analysis of hair follicles in alopecia areata.

This study characterizes hair follicles from early alopecia areata lesions at both the light and electron microscopic levels and describes h … le frequency, are described including "dark cell" transformation, apoptosis, and necrosis. Abnormal melanogenesis was a common finding in this study, which may explain some of the associated pigmentary anomalies seen clinically in acute alopecia areata. Tissue damage, which was not always associated with a mononuclear cell infiltrate, may explain the premature …

Отчёт по делу.

В современной стоматологии эстетика играет решающую роль в благосостоянии пациентов, поскольку гармоничная улыбка, включая губы, зубы и жвачки, непосредственно влияет на уверенность в себе. Гингива обычно имеет розовый или коралловый цвет, но может темнеть из-за внутренних факторов (таких, как генетика и меланогенез) или внешних факторов (таких, как лекарства, курение и системные заболевания). Когда рыжий темнеет слишком сильно, это гиперпигментация рыжих, которая характеризуется коричневыми пятнами. Для исправления этого положения было разработано несколько методов лечения, включая лазерную х

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
In modern dentistry, esthetics plays a crucial role in the well-being of patients, since a harmonious smile, including lips, teeth and gums, directly impacts self-confidence. The gingiva normally has a pink or coral color but can darken due to endogenous factors (such as genetics and melanogenesis) or exogenous factors (such as medications, smoking and syste…

A Non-Invasive Approach to Intracellular Measurement in Solar Lentigo: Investigating Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Senescence Mechanisms Associated with Excessive Melanin Deposition.

Solar lentigo is a significant dermatological concern affecting individuals of different genders and ethnicities. Its pathogenesis is primarily attributed to chronic ultraviolet (UV) exposure, increased melanogenesis, and disrupted epidermal turnover, leading to the development of hyperpigmented lesions. A major challenge in solar lentigo research is acquiring viable skin tissue, which is crucial for understanding the dynamics of the cellular microenvironment. In the present study, we sought to establish a non-invasive in vivo measurement technique to visualize cellular dynamics associated wit…

Mechanistic Insights into Anti-Melanogenic Effects of Fisetin: PKCα-Induced β-Catenin Degradation, ERK/MITF Inhibition, and Direct Tyrosinase Suppression.

Excessive melanin production causes hyperpigmentation disorders such as freckles, melasma, and age spots, affecting appearance and quality o … YRP1. Collectively, these findings suggest that fisetin exerts multi-targeted inhibitory effects on melanogenesis, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic and cosmetic agent for hyperpigmentation.

[Vitamin C in the modulation of skin aging: molecular mechanisms and innovative delivery strategies.].

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a key nutrient whose multifunctionality in anti-aging processes remains a subject of intensive research. The relevance of this study stems from the need to systematize data on its dual role (antioxidant/pro-oxidant), mechanisms of action on collagenogenesis, autophagy, melanogenesis, and epigenetic regulation, as well as the development of strategies to overcome its deficiency in the skin-an organ critically vulnerable to age-related and photo-induced changes. The article comprehensively analyzes the causes of localized vitamin C deficiency in cutaneous tissues, wh…

Microneedling in Localized Acquired Hypomelanosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Several insults can cause acquired localized hypomelanosis which can be a therapeutic challenge. Microneedling is a minimally invasive procedure that stimulates melanogenesis with the benefit of short downtime and a low risk of scarring. OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy and safety of microneedling in localized acquired hypomelanosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a randomized controlled trial. Twenty patients aged 18 years and older had their lesions randomized into either a single session of microneedling with 1.5-mm needles or no treatment. Three months later, peripheral t…

Bacterial tyrosinases and their inhibitors.

Bacterial tyrosinase is a copper-containing metalloenzyme with diverse physio-chemical properties, that have been identified in various bact … es, especially antibiotic resistance, skin cancer, enzymatic browning of fruits and vegetables, and melanogenesis. To address these challenges, medicinal scientists are developing novel chemotherapeutic agents by inhibiting bacterial tyrosinases. To serve this purpose, heterocyclic compounds are of particular interest due to their vast spectrum of biological ac …

In vivo reduction of skin inflammation using ferulic acid-loaded lipid vesicles derived from Brewer's spent grain.

Breweŕs spent grain (BSG) is the main by-product of the brewing industry, and due to its rapid decomposition, it generates serious environmental problems such as malodors and greenhouse gases emissions. On the other hand, this lignocellulosic compound contains a large number of antioxidants, being ferulic acid (FA) the most abundant. FA is a powerful antioxidant molecule that has demonstrated significant protective effects on key components of the skin, including keratinocytes, fibroblasts, collagen, and elastin. FA inhibits melanogenesis, promotes angiogenesis and accelerates the wound healin…

Reconstructed human pigmented skin/epidermis models achieve epidermal pigmentation through melanocore transfer.

The skin acts as a barrier to environmental insults and provides many vital functions. One of these is to shield DNA from harmful ultraviolet radiation, which is achieved by skin pigmentation arising as melanin is produced and dispersed within the epidermal layer. This is a crucial defence against DNA damage, photo-ageing and skin cancer. The mechanisms and regulation of melanogenesis and melanin transfer involve extensive crosstalk between melanocytes and keratinocytes in the epidermis, as well as fibroblasts in the dermal layer. Although the predominant mechanism of melanin transfer continue…

Supravenous Repigmentation of Hair Shafts in a Patient with Regrowing Alopecia Totalis: A Case Report and Hypothesis.

INTRODUCTION: Alopecia areata (AA) is a type of nonscarring alopecia that has autoimmune etiology, in which the hair follicle, usually an im … atory cytokines and endothelial release of the vasoconstrictor hormone endothelin, which stimulates melanogenesis.

RNA-Sequencing Analysis of Gene-Expression Profiles in the Dorsal Gland of Alligator sinensis at Different Time Points of Embryonic and Neonatal Development.

Significant advances have been made in the morphological observations of the dorsal gland (DG), an oval organ/tissue which lies on both sides of the dorsal midline of the crocodilian. In the current study, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to identify the changing patterns of Alligator sinesis DGs at different timepoints from the 31st embryonic day (E31) to the newly hatched 1st day (NH1). A comprehensive transcriptional changes of differentially expression gene (DEGs) involved in the melanogenesis, cholesterol metabolism, and cell apoptosis pathways suggested that the DG might serves as a fun…