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rMAP-Candida: a modular Dockerized WDL/Cromwell workflow for reproducible Candida species typing, assembly-contiguity assessment, antifungal-resistance marker screening, and phylogenomic surveillance.

BACKGROUND: Candida spp. infections are an increasing public health concern, particularly in settings where laboratory mycology, genomic sur … tified six principal species groups, dominated by Candida albicans, followed by Candida tropicalis, Pichia kudriavzevii, Nakaseomyces glabratus, Clavispora lusitaniae, and Candida parapsilosis. The integrated report summarized 24 antifungal-resistance marker hits and a median assembly N50 of 35,946 bp. Species-aware phylogenomics was performed for eligib …

Longitudinal alterations of gut mycobiota during 2 years after COVID-19 and its correlation with pulmonary sequela.

UNLABELLED: Pulmonary sequelae associated with COVID-19 are an increasing concern. Emerging evidence suggests that gut dysbiosis may contrib … nd Saturnispora and a decreased presence of Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Rhodotorula. In addition, Pichia, Saccharomycopsis, and Cladosporium were especially enriched in patients without residual CT abnormalities at 2 years. At 2 years post-discharge, significant correlations were observed between pulmonary function and gut mycobiota, including negative …

Regulation on microbial composition,serotonergic synapse, and apoptotic signaling pathway by extracts fromSonchus brachyotus DC. (SBE) to improve ethanol-induced acute oxidative stress in mice.

BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress has been firmly established as a pivotal contributor to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease, diabete … , and oxidative stress biomarkers. Notably, the abundance of specific fungal genera (Alternaria and Pichia), the levels of 14,15-DiHETrE, 5-Hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid, and prostaglandin C2 key metabolites of the serotonergic synapse pathway, and the expression of Fas and Tnfsf10 key genes of apoptosis signaling pathway were significantly correlated (p < …

Beer ethanol and iso-α-acid level affect microbial community establishment and beer chemistry throughout wood maturation of beer.

Sour beers produced by barrel-aging of conventionally fermented beers are becoming increasingly popular. However, as the intricate interacti … vis and Pediococcus damnosus) and four key yeasts (Brettanomyces bruxellensis, Candida friedrichii, Pichia membranifaciens and Saccharomyces cerevisiae) that are consistently associated with barrel-aging of beer, was used to test the hypotheses that beer ethanol and bitterness impact microbial community composition and beer chemistry. Experiments were pe …

Unraveling yeast diversity in food fermentation using ITS1-2 amplicon-based metabarcoding.

A detailed characterization of the microbial ecosystem involved in the production processes of fermented foods is essential. Although fermen … . Furthermore, underestimation of the relative abundance of species with short ITS regions, such as Pichia and Brettanomyces, occurred. In addition, the method was successfully applied to describe the yeast diversity present in two sourdough and two lambic beer samples. Overall, the current method provides an unprecedented way of determining the species- …

Pelargonium graveolens essential oil against clinical Candida and reference isolates: insights into virulence inhibition and therapeutic perspectives.

BACKGROUND: The rising incidence of Candida-associated infections and persistent antifungal resistance, driven by biofilm formation, highlig … activity was tested against five clinical Candida isolates (C. albicans, C. kefyr, C. krusei (syn. Pichia kudriavzevii), C. lusitaniae, C. tropicalis) and reference strain C. albicans ATCC 10231. Effects on virulence enzymes (secreted aspartyl protease, phospholipase, esterase, hemolysin) were assessed via Pz/Hz indices on solid media. Anti-biofilm acti …

Antifungal efficacy of cinnamaldehyde and nano-cinnamaldehyde particles against candidiasis: an in-vitro study.

BACKGROUND: Candidiasis is humans' most common oral fungal infection and is a major opportunistic fungal infection with significant morbidit … using dialysis by USP2 dissolution device. Twenty Candida species isolates, including C. albicans, Pichia kudriavzevii, Nakaseomyces glabratus, and C. tropicalis, were obtained from clinical samples, cultured in malt extract agar medium, and fungal suspensions were prepared in RPMI medium. For antifungal evaluation, the broth microdilution test was perf …

Antibodies Against the Plasmodium vivax Apical Membrane Antigen 1 From the Belem Strain Share Common Epitopes Among Other Worldwide Variants.

Malaria is a human parasitic disease distributed in many tropical countries and caused by various Plasmodium species. Plasmodium vivax has t … expressed 9 recombinant protein representatives of different PvAMA-1 allelic variants in the yeast Pichia pastoris: Belem, Chesson I, Sal-1, Indonesia XIX, SK0814, TC103, PNG_05_ESP, PNG_62_MU, and PNG_68_MAS. After protein expression and purification, we evaluated the breadth of the immune responses derived from malaria-exposed individuals from the Ama …

Comparison of Immune Effects Between Brucella Recombinant Omp10-Omp28-L7/L12 Proteins Expressed in Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Systems.

Brucella, a genus of bacteria that causes brucellosis, infects and threatens domestic animals, and humans in endemic areas. Presently, some … higher than those of the PBS control group. The recombinant Omp10-Omp28-L7/L12 protein expressed in Pichia pastoris (P. pastoris) exhibited a slightly higher expression level and immunogenicity than that expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli), and the Omp10-Omp28-L7/L12 (P. pastoris) + TPPPS group provided the most pronounced immune effect. The protecti …

Human PEX1 is mutated in complementation group 1 of the peroxisome biogenesis disorders.

Human peroxisome biogenesis disorders (PBDs) are a group of genetically heterogeneous autosomal-recessive disease caused by mutations in PEX genes that encode peroxins, proteins required for peroxisome biogenesis. These lethal diseases include Zellweger syndrome (ZS), neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy (NALD) and infantile Refsum's disease (IRD), three phenotypes now thought to represent a continuum of clinical features that are most severe in ZS, milder in NALD and least severe in IRD2. At least eleven PBD complementation groups have been identified by somatic-cell hybridization analysis compared

Effect of yeast cell product (CitriStim) supplementation on broiler performance and intestinal immune cell parameters during an experimental coccidial infection.

This experiment studied the effects of whole yeast cell product supplementation on broiler production parameters, fecal coccidial oocyst counts, and local and systemic immune parameters following an experimental coccidial infection. Birds were fed 0, 0.1, or 0.2% whole yeast cell product (CitriStim). At 21 d of age, birds were challenged with live coccidial oocysts. Supplementation with whole yeast cell product increased BW gain between 0 and 12 d (P = 0.01) postcoccidial challenge. Birds supplemented with 0.2% Citristim had better (P = 0.01) feed efficiency between 0 and 12 d postcoccidial in

Reprogramming Hansenula polymorpha for penicillin production: expression of the Penicillium chrysogenum pcl gene.

We aim to introduce the penicillin biosynthetic pathway into the methylotrophic yeast Hansenula polymorpha. To allow simultaneous expression of the multiple genes of the penicillin biosynthetic pathway, additional markers were required. To this end, we constructed a novel host-vector system based on methionine auxotrophy and the H. polymorpha MET6 gene, which encodes a putative cystathionine beta-lyase. With this new host-vector system, the Penicillium chrysogenum pcl gene, encoding peroxisomal phenylacetyl-CoA ligase (PCL), was expressed in H. polymorpha. PCL has a potential C-terminal peroxi

Identification and molecular characterisation of a peritrophin gene, peritrophin-48, from the myiasis fly Chrysomya bezziana.

The peritrophic matrix lines the midgut of most insects and has important roles in digestion, protection of the midgut from mechanical damage and invasion by micro-organisms. Although a few intrinsic peritrophic matrix proteins have been characterised, no direct homologues of any of these proteins have been found in other insect species, even closely related species, suggesting that the peritrophic matrix proteins show considerable sequence divergence. We now report the identification of the cDNA and genomic DNA sequences of a Chrysomya bezziana homologue of the Lucilia cuprina intrinsic perit

Exposure to Parasitic Protists and Helminths Changes the Intestinal Community Structure of Bacterial Communities in a Cohort of Mother-Child Binomials from a Semirural Setting in Mexico.

An estimated 3.5 billion people are colonized by intestinal parasites worldwide. Intestinal parasitic eukaryotes interact not only with the … ngus Candida with Bacteroides and Actinomyces, Bifidobacterium, and Prevotella copri and the fungus Pichia with Oscillospira. The parasitic exposure-associated changes in the bacterial community structure suggest effects on microbial metabolic routes, host nutrient uptake abilities, and intestinal immunity regulation in host-parasite interactions. IMPORT …

Divergent mitochondrial responses and metabolic signal pathways secure the azole resistance in Crabtree-positive and negative Candida species.

Azole drugs are the main therapeutic drugs for invasive fungal infections. However, azole-resistant strains appear repeatedly in the environment, posing a major threat to human health. Several reports have shown that mitochondria are associated with the virulence of pathogenic fungi. However, there are few studies on the mechanisms of mitochondria-mediated azoles resistance. Here, we first performed mitochondrial proteomic analysis on multiple Candida species (Candida albicans, Nakaseomyces glabrata, Pichia kudriavzevii, and Candida auris) and analyzed the differentially expressed mitochondria…

Prevalence of vulvovaginal candidiasis among pregnant women in the Ho municipality, Ghana: species identification and antifungal susceptibility of Candida isolates.

BACKGROUND: Candida is the leading cause of vaginitis, and 75% of women have at least one episode of infection in their lives, with pregnancy being a predisposing factor. If left untreated, vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) can lead to chorioamnionitis with subsequent abortion, prematurity and congenital infection of the neonate. We aimed to determine the prevalence of VVC, identify the recent and most frequently occurring species of Candida in pregnant women, and determine the most effective antifungal drug of choice for treatment. METHOD: A prospective cross-sectional study in which 176 high v

Neural stem cells for disease modeling and evaluation of therapeutics for Tay-Sachs disease.

BACKGROUND: Tay-Sachs disease (TSD) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder caused by autosomal recessive mutations in the HEXA gene on chromosome 15 that encodes β-hexosaminidase. Deficiency in HEXA results in accumulation of GM2 ganglioside, a glycosphingolipid, in lysosomes. Currently, there is no effective treatment for TSD. RESULTS: We generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from two TSD patient dermal fibroblast lines and further differentiated them into neural stem cells (NSCs). The TSD neural stem cells exhibited a disease phenotype of lysosomal lipid accumulation. The Tay-Sachs

Expression and purification of recombinant ATF-mellitin, a new type fusion protein targeting ovarian cancer cells, in P. pastoris.

Melittin is well known to possess cytolytic activity with wide-spectrum lytic properties and its potential use as an agent to treat several types of cancer has been tested. Due to the non-specific toxicity, melittin can impair not only cancer cells but also normal tissue. Thus, tumor-targeted toxins may be helpful for developing novel anticancer therapeutics. The urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) plays a central role in tissue remodelling events occurring in normal physiology and in pathophysiology, including cancer invasion and metastasis. Heartening findings showed that uPA receptor

Expression of a highly antigenic and native-like folded extracellular domain of the human α1 subunit of muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, suitable for use in antigen specific therapies for Myasthenia Gravis.

We describe the expression of the extracellular domain of the human α1 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) in lepidopteran insect cells (i-α1-ECD) and its suitability for use in antigen-specific therapies for Myasthenia Gravis (MG). Compared to the previously expressed protein in P. pastoris (y-α1-ECD), i-α1-ECD had a 2-fold increased expression yield, bound anti-nAChR monoclonal antibodies and autoantibodies from MG patients two to several-fold more efficiently and resulted in a secondary structure closer to that of the crystal structure of mouse α1-ECD. Our results indicate that i-α1-EC

Interferon-Based Biopharmaceuticals: Overview on the Production, Purification, and Formulation.

The advent of biopharmaceuticals in modern medicine brought enormous benefits to the treatment of numerous human diseases and improved the well-being of many people worldwide. First introduced in the market in the early 1980s, the number of approved biopharmaceutical products has been steadily increasing, with therapeutic proteins, antibodies, and their derivatives accounting for most of the generated revenues. The success of pharmaceutical biotechnology is closely linked with remarkable developments in DNA recombinant technology, which has enabled the production of proteins with high specific

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… E. coli and Pichia pastoris ( P. pastoris , currently reclassified as Komagataella pastoris ) microfactories are the most widely used hosts to obtain IFNs for clinical applications and with which to perform structural and functional studies. … Table 4 Representative studies of the expression of therapeutic IFNs in Pichia pastoris recombinant systems. Abbreviations: AOX–Alcohol oxidase; NR–Not reported. …