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Прогресс и перспективы на будущее в химерикском антигенном рецепторе Т-клетке и биконкретной антителной терапии для множественных миелом.

Начавшаяся терапия перенаправления Т-клеток значительно изменила условия лечения повторной/изъятий множественной миеломы (RRMM), особенно у пациентов с тремя классами обнаженных или рефрактных заболеваний. Лечение химерных антигенных рецепторов (CAR) Т-клеток и биконкретные антитела (BSAbs), которые в первую очередь нацелены на антигены созревания клеток B (BCMA), показали замечательную эффективность в ключевых испытаниях и реальных условиях мира. В последнее время группа рецепторов G с протеиновым сцеплением C 5 В качестве многообещающих вариантов были выбраны агенты D, особенно для пациентов

Progress and challenges in the treatment of cardiac amyloidosis: a review of the literature.

Cardiac amyloidosis is a restrictive cardiomyopathy determined by the accumulation of amyloid, which is represented by misfolded protein fragments in the cardiac extracellular space. The main classification of systemic amyloidosis is determined by the amyloid precursor proteins causing a very heterogeneous disease spectrum, but the main types of amyloidosis involving the heart are light chain (AL) and transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR). AL, in which the amyloid precursor is represented by misfolded immunoglobulin light chains, can involve almost any system carrying the worst prognosis among amyl

Immune Cell Hacking: Challenges and Clinical Approaches to Create Smarter Generations of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells.

T cells equipped with chimeric antigen receptors (CAR T cells) have recently provided promising advances as a novel immunotherapeutic approach for cancer treatment. CAR T cell therapy has shown stunning results especially in B-cell malignancies; however, it has shown less success against solid tumors, which is more supposed to be related to the specific characteristics of the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we discuss the structure of the CAR, current clinical advantages from finished and ongoing trials, adverse effects, challenges and controversies, new engineering methods of CAR, and

Engineered cell therapies for autoimmune diseases: evaluating CAR-T and CAR-M progress and prospects.

Autoimmune diseases (AID) comprise a diverse group of disorders driven by aberrant B-cell and T-cell reactivity against self-tissues. In recent years, cell-based therapies utilizing engineered T cells have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for AIDs. Notably, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells have demonstrated the ability to selectively target and eliminate autoreactive immune populations, including pathogenic B cells and antibody-producing plasma cells. Beyond T-cell modulation, macrophages (MΦs) exhibit remarkable plasticity, differentiating into pro-inflammatory (M1) or anti-

Structure and function of therapeutic antibodies approved by the US FDA in 2025.

In 2025, the 50th anniversary of the invention of hybridoma technology, the United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) approved a total of 44 new molecular entities (NMEs), of which 10 were therapeutic antibody-based molecules. Additionally, the US FDA approved 31 small molecules (of which one was a peptide), and 3 new nonantibody therapeutic proteins, but no new chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T-cell therapeutics. Of the new antibody-based biologics, two were antibody-drug conjugates, one was a T-cell engager-bispecific antibody, two were Fc-modified, half-life extended antibodies, a

CAR-T cell therapy: developments, challenges and expanded applications from cancer to autoimmunity.

Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has rapidly emerged as a groundbreaking approach in cancer treatment, particularly for hematologic malignancies. However, the application of CAR-T cell therapy in solid tumors remains challenging. This review summarized the development of CAR-T technologies, emphasized the challenges and solutions in CAR-T cell therapy for solid tumors. Also, key innovations were discussed including specialized CAR-T, combination therapies and the novel use of CAR-Treg, CAR-NK and CAR-M cells. Besides, CAR-based cell therapy have extended its reach beyond oncology

Mutual connected IL-6, EGFR and LIN28/Let7-related mechanisms modulate PD-L1 and IGF upregulation in HNSCC using immunotherapy

The development of techniques and immunotherapies are widely applied in cancer treatment such as checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive cell therapy, and cancer vaccines apart from radiation therapy, surgery, and chemotherapy give enduring anti-tumor effects. Minority people utilize single-agent immunotherapy, and most people adopt multiple-agent immunotherapy. The difficulties are resolved by including the biomarkers to choose the non-responders’ and responders’ potentials. The possibility of the potential complications and side effects are examined to improve cancer therapy effects. The Head and Ne

Application of toll-like receptors (TLRs) and their agonists in cancer vaccines and immunotherapy.

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) expressed in various immune cell types and perform multiple purposes and duties involved in the induction of innate and adaptive immunity. Their capability to propagate immunity makes them attractive targets for the expansion of numerous immunotherapeutic approaches targeting cancer. These immunotherapeutic strategies include using TLR ligands/agonists as monotherapy or combined therapeutic strategies. Several TLR agonists have demonstrated significant efficacy in advanced clinical trials. In recent years, multiple reports est

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Moreover, multiple reports demonstrated the activation of effector functions of B cells by TLR signaling, e.g., proliferation, antibody production, and immunoglobulin class switching ( 93 – 95 ). …

Benefit and danger from immunotherapy in myasthenia gravis.

In the last years, significant advances have improved the knowledge of myasthenia gravis (MG) immunopathogenesis and have enabled to realize new molecules with a selective action targeting compounds of the immunological system. This review discusses emerging treatments for MG, including complement inhibitors, neonatal Fc receptor targeting agents, and B cell interfering drugs, focusing on benefit and danger. In the second section of the review, several related adverse events of immunotherapy, including MGonset, are debated.

A Focus on CAR T-Cell Therapy and Bispecific Antibodies in Multiple Myeloma.

Significant strides have been made in the management of patients living with myeloma. However, patients with multiply relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (MM) have a shorter overall survival; therefore, new treatments with novel mechanisms of action are needed in this patient population. Patients with relapsing disease require a full restaging workup, including whole body imaging to evaluate for extramedullary disease and lytic bone lesions, as well as bone marrow biopsy with fluorescence in situ hybridization to determine if the patient has any new chromosomal changes that are present. Th

Systemic adverse effects and toxicities associated with immunotherapy: A review.

Immunotherapy is rapidly evolving secondary to the advent of newer immunotherapeutic agents and increasing approval of the current agents by the United States Food and Drug Administration to treat a wide spectrum of cancers. Immunotherapeutic agents have gained immense popularity due to their tumor-specific action. Immunotherapy is slowly transforming into a separate therapeutic entity, and the fifth pillar of management for cancers alongside surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. However, like any therapeutic entity it has its own adverse effects. With the increasing use o

Ganglioside therapy in cancer molecular insights and therapeutic opportunities.

Gangliosides, a class of glycosphingolipids located on the plasma membrane of nearly all cells, play a crucial role in cell signaling and lipid raft dynamics. Their expression is notably high during embryonic development, markedly reduced in most adult tissues, but significantly elevated in various tumor tissues. This distinct expression pattern highlights gangliosides as promising therapeutic targets due to their roles in tumor progression, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. Targeted ganglioside therapies, particularly monoclonal antibodies against GD2, have already demonstrated clinical

Abstracts From the 42nd Annual Scientific Meeting of the Transplantation Society of Australia and New Zealand held on June 16-18, 2024

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Early Experience with Tarlatamab (T-Cell Engagers) for Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer (ES-SCLC) in Canada: Lessons Learned and Implementation Strategies.

As bispecific T-cell engagers (TCEs) gain traction in the oncology treatment landscape, cancer centres must develop robust clinical pathways to ensure their safe and efficient delivery. Given the limited experience of the Canadian medical oncology community with TCEs, collecting and publishing early clinical experiences with these novel agents will be essential to inform best practices and support their safe and effective adoption across the broader Canadian oncology community. The approval of tarlatamab, the first-in-class delta-like ligand 3 (DLL3)-targeted TCE for extensive-stage small cell

Taming renal inflammation: signaling pathways and therapeutic advances in lupus nephritis.

Lupus nephritis (LN), a serious complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), involves complex immune dysregulation that leads to chronic renal inflammation and progressive tissue damage. Despite decades of use of standard immunosuppressive therapy, treatment responses remain variable, and many patients experience relapses or develop end-stage renal disease. This review synthesizes emerging insights into the immunopathogenesis of LN, drawing on studies from single-cell transcriptomics, signaling pathway analyses and renal tissue immunology. It examines the role of both innate and adaptiv

Role of B-Cell in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Sclerosis.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare multisystem autoimmune disease, characterized by fibrosis, vasculopathy, and autoimmunity. Recent advances have highlighted the significant implications of B-cells in SSc. B-cells are present in affected organs, their subpopulations are disrupted, and they display an activated phenotype, and the regulatory capacities of B-cells are impaired, as illustrated by the decrease in the IL-10+ producing B-cell subpopulation or the inhibitory membrane co-receptor density. Recent multi-omics evidence highlights the role of B-cells mainly in the early stage of SSc and p

Ход работы сессии 28th Европейский конгресс педиатрической ремуматологии (ПСР) 2022) Прага, Чешская Республика. 20-23 сентябрь 2022.

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Targeted therapy for multiple myeloma: an overview on CD138-based strategies.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable hematological disease characterized by the uncontrolled growth of plasma cells primarily in the bone marrow. Although its treatment consists of the administration of combined therapy regimens mainly based on immunomodulators and proteosome inhibitors, MM remains incurable, and most patients suffer from relapsed/refractory disease with poor prognosis and survival. The robust results achieved by immunotherapy targeting MM-associated antigens CD38 and CD319 (also known as SLAMF7) have drawn attention to the development of new immune-based strategies and diffe

Переписка MRI и NTMS с EDS в рамках многоразового склероза: продольное исследование последующей деятельности.

ЦЕЛИ: С учетом характеристик множественного склероза (МС) и его воздействия на моторную недостаточность цель настоящего исследования заключается в оценке функциональной целостности кортикоспинального тракта путем изучения моторных возможностей (МЭП), оценок, полученных в рамках расширенной шкалы инвалидности (EDSS), числа случаев поражения магнитными резонансными изображениями (MRI), а также психологического и физического состояния, о котором сообщают пациенты с повторно излучающими MS (RRMS). МЕТОДЫ: 23 Темы ОРУ (RMS)17 в последующей деятельности) кортикоспинальный тракт для верхних и нижних

Road testing new CAR design strategies in multiple myeloma.

A deeper understanding of basic immunology principles and advances in bioengineering have accelerated the mass production of genetically-reprogrammed T-cells as living drugs to treat human diseases. Autologous and allogeneic cytotoxic T-cells have been weaponized to brandish MHC-independent chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) that specifically engage antigenic regions on tumor cells. Two distinct CAR-based therapeutics designed to target BCMA are now FDA-approved based upon robust, sustained responses in heavily-pretreated multiple myeloma (MM) patients enrolled on the KarMMa and CARTITUDE-1 stud