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The accuracy of two-dimensional planning for routine orthognathic surgery.

Two-dimensional cephalometric planning software should be helpful for prediction of hard tissue outcome after bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (BSSRO) or bimaxillary osteotomy, but transferring two-dimensional data to three-dimensions (including mock operation and surgery) may result in errors. The objective of this retrospective study was to analyze deviations between predicted results and postoperative outcome using cephalometric analyses, and to evaluate this procedure for daily use. Fifty-four subjects (mean (SD) age 26 (8) years) had a BSSRO (n=21) alone or in combination with Le

Revisiting the supraforaminal horizontal oblique osteotomy of the mandible.

PURPOSE: Today, the most common orthognathic procedure for correction of mandibular deformities is the bilateral sagittal split osteotomy, also called sagittal ramus osteotomy. Permanent injury to the mandibular nerve (V3) is one of the main complications, with a reported incidence between 5% and 30%. Orthognathic surgery using sagittal ramus osteotomy of the mandible as the procedure of choice should be re-evaluated because of the complexity and the relatively high risk of damage to the inferior alveolar nerve. Surgical techniques that allow for accurate condylar positioning with a lower risk

Stress distribution in the temporomandibular joint after mandibular protraction: a 3-dimensional finite element study. Part 2.

INTRODUCTION: Patterns of stress generation in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) after mandibular protraction with a construction bite of 5 mm advancement and 4 mm opening were investigated by using a 3-dimensional finite element method; the results were reported in Part 1. In Part 2, the effects of varying the construction bite are reported. METHODS: A 3-dimensional computer-aided design model was developed from the magnetic resonance images of a growing boy (age, 12 years), by using I-DEAS NX (version 11.0, Siemens PLM Software, Plano, Tex). Sagittal advancement was 5 mm, as in Part 1; howe

Condylar bony change and self-reported parafunctional habits in prospective orthognathic surgery patients with temporomandibular disorders.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-reported parafunctional habits and condylar bony change and disk displacement in orthognathic surgery patients with signs and symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorders. STUDY DESIGN: This is a cross-sectional retrospective study of pretreatment helical computed tomography scans and questionnaires of 94 female orthognathic surgery patients. RESULTS: Condylar bony change, unilaterally or bilaterally, was found in 56.4% of the subjects, or 43.6% of the joints. Disk displacement, unilaterally or bilaterally

Gender differences in dentofacial characteristics of adult patients with temporomandibular disc displacement.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess gender differences in dentofacial characteristics of adult patients according to temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc displacement (DD) status. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample consisted of 293 adult patients (80 male and 213 female). Male and female patients were divided into 3 groups based on magnetic resonance images of bilateral TMJs: bilateral normal disc position (BN), bilateral DD with reduction (DDR), and bilateral DD without reduction (DDNR). Seventeen variables from lateral cephalograms were analyzed by 2-way analysis of variance to id

Sensory regeneration following intraoperatively verified trigeminal nerve injury.

OBJECTIVE: To follow recovery of sensory function mediated by both myelinated and unmyelinated axons in relation to the type of inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) injury. METHODS: The authors assessed the function of afferent Abeta-, Adelta-, and C-fibers of the IAN using neurophysiologic (mental nerve blink reflex, sensory nerve conduction [NCS] of the IAN) and quantitative sensory tests (QST; cold, warm, heat pain, and tactile modalities). The tests were done 2 weeks, 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively and compared to the preoperative baseline in 20 patients undergoing mandibular bilateral s

Successful orthodontic-surgical treatment: aiming for esthetics and function. Analysis of some clinical cases.

Adult patients who consult an orthodontist are looking for dental rehabilitation underpinned by an implicit esthetic demand, which needs to be analyzed. When the discrepancy involves more than the teeth and cannot be corrected by dentoalveolar compensation alone, there is a need, on account of the lack of growth, the periodontal setting and underlying dysfunctions, for an orthodontic-surgical solution. A clear understanding of the required future functional balance will help achieve a satisfactory esthetic target and give stable, lasting results.

Magnetic resonance imaging-verified temporomandibular joint disk displacement in relation to sagittal and vertical jaw deformities.

This retrospective study was designed to analyze the relationships between temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disk displacement and skeletal deformities in orthodontic patients. Subjects consisted of 460 adult patients. Before treatment, lateral cephalograms and TMJ magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were recorded. Subjects were divided into six groups based on TMJ MRI according to increasing severity of TMJ disk displacement, in the following order: bilateral normal TMJs, unilateral disk displacement with reduction (DDR) and contralateral normal, bilateral DDR, unilateral disk displacement without r

Three-Dimensional Analysis and Surgical Planning in Craniomaxillofacial Surgery.

PURPOSE: Three-dimensional (3D) analysis and planning are powerful tools in craniofacial and reconstructive surgery. The elements include 1) analysis, 2) planning, 3) virtual surgery, 4) 3D printouts of guides or implants, and 5) verification of actual to planned results. The purpose of this article is to review different applications of 3D planning in craniomaxillofacial surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Case examples involving 3D analysis and planning were reviewed. Common threads pertaining to all types of reconstruction are highlighted and contrasted with unique aspects specific to new appl

Reconstruction of complex mandibular defect with computer-aided navigation and orthognathic surgery.

Reconstructive surgery for complex mandible defect with condyle is challenging for surgeons. Computer-aided planning and navigation is a useful adjunct for surgeons, which can improve visualization and orientation, insertion, mirroring, creation of planning models, and transformation of a surgical plan accurately. Here, we present a case of complex mandible defect reconstruction with computer-aided navigation and orthognathic surgery.

Three-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography-based virtual treatment planning and fabrication of a surgical splint for asymmetric patients: surgery first approach.

Virtual 3-dimensional planning in orthognathic surgery allows for a detailed visualization and analysis of skeletal and dental deformities, especially in patients with asymmetries. This approach also eliminates conventional stone model surgery through computer-aided fabrication of surgical stents. This article presents a new approach with 3-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography-based treatment planning for the surgical correction of facial asymmetry in conjunction with the surgery first approach. Good esthetic and occlusal outcomes were obtained for 2 patients after orthognathic surgery an

CRLF1 and CLCF1 in Development, Health and Disease.

Cytokines and their receptors have a vital function in regulating various processes such as immune function, inflammation, haematopoiesis, cell growth and differentiation. The interaction between a cytokine and its specific receptor triggers intracellular signalling cascades that lead to altered gene expression in the target cell and consequent changes in its proliferation, differentiation, or activation. In this review, we highlight the role of the soluble type I cytokine receptor CRLF1 (cytokine receptor-like factor-1) and the Interleukin (IL)-6 cytokine CLCF1 (cardiotrophin-like cytokine fa

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… Both micrognathia and retrognathia have been reported in CS/CISS1 patients, and precise control of jaw length during development is crucial for proper form and function. Crlf1 expression was detected in the first branchial arch at E9.5, E11.5 and E14.5 in the facial mesenchyme [ 24 ]. …

Common Non-Rheumatic Medical Conditions Mimicking Fibromyalgia: A Simple Framework for Differential Diagnosis.

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic non-inflammatory disorder mainly characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and a constellation of other symptoms. For this reason, delineating a clear distinction between pure FM and FM-like picture attributable to other common diseases can be extremely challenging. Physicians must identify the most significant confounders in individual patients and implement an appropriate diagnostic workflow, carefully choosing a minimal (but sufficient) set of tests to be used for identifying the most plausible diseases in the specific case

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… Major risk factors for OSA are aging, obesity (in particular BMI over 35 kg/m 2 ), heart failure, acromegaly, hypothyroidism, smoking, and craniofacial abnormalities such as retrognathia or anatomical alterations causing obstructions to airflow at the nasal level [ 77 , 79 ]. …

Obesity definition, diagnosis, bias, standard operating procedures (SOPs), and telehealth: An Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) Clinical Practice Statement (CPS) 2022.

BackgroundThe Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) Clinical Practice Statement (CPS) regarding definition, diagnosis, bias, standard operating procedures (SOPs) and telehealth is intended to provide clinicians an overview of obesity medicine and provide basic organizational tools towards establishing, directing, managing, and maintaining an obesity medical practice.MethodsThis CPS is based upon published scientific citations, clinical perspectives of OMA authors, and peer review by Obesity Medicine Association leadership.ResultsOMA has defined obesity as: "A chronic, progressive, relapsing, and

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… . • Head abnormalities that may predispose patients to obstructive sleep apnea: o Modified Mallampati score of 3 or 4 o Retrognathia o Lateral peritonsillar narrowing o Macroglossia o Tonsillar hypertrophy o Enlarged uvula o High arched/narrow palate o Nasal abnormalities o Overbite • Cardiopulmonary …

Kabuki Syndrome-Clinical Review with Molecular Aspects.

Kabuki syndrome (KS) is a rare developmental disorder principally comprised of developmental delay, hypotonia and a clearly defined dysmorphism: elongation of the structures surrounding the eyes, a shortened and depressed nose, thinning of the upper lip and thickening of the lower lip, large and prominent ears, hypertrichosis and scoliosis. Other characteristics include poor physical growth, cardiac, gastrointestinal and renal anomalies as well as variable behavioral issues, including autistic features. De novo or inherited pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in the KMT2D gene are the most c

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… Incisors may have large pulp chambers, may be affected by external root resorption or root canal division, tooth retention, retrognathia of the upper jaw, clefting, or lower lip fistula [ 110 ]. …

[Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in women].

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) shows sex differences in the pathophysiology, epidemiology, and clinical presentation. Women have different ch … l abnormalities of the upper airways, such as nasal obstruction, tonsil hypertrophy, and mandibular retrognathia, etc.; 4) Combined internal medicine diseases, such as refractory hypertension, unknown arrhythmia, chronic congestive heart failure, refractory diabetes and insulin resistance, refractory asthma, hypothyroidism, primary aldosteronism; 5) Those with …

[Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in adults (2025)].

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent sleep-related breathing disorder with a considerable healthcare burden. Previously, the … 2) Individuals with typical physical signs of OSA, including obesity, increased neck circumference, retrognathia or micrognathia, macroglossia, enlarged uvula and soft palate, and tonsillar hypertrophy; (3) Individuals with OSA-related complications or comorbidities, such as obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syn …

UMIB Summit 2015

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Proceedings of the RAMI Intern Section Meeting.

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… She has some retrognathia, severe chronic rhinitis and nasal obstruction and very crowded oropharynx. Her OSA was not controlled on CPAP in the past despite being on the maximal possible pressure setting of 20cmH2O. …