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Direct 16S/ITS rRNA Gene PCR Followed by Sanger Sequencing for Detection of Mycetoma Causative Agents in Dakar, Senegal: A Pilot Study Among Patients with Mycetoma Attending Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital.

Mycetoma can be caused either by fungi or aerobic Actinomycetes. A precise identification of the causal agents is critical for the therapeutic outcome. Thus, this study aimed to identify the pathogens of mycetoma using 16S/ITS rRNA gene polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by Sanger sequencing directly on grains. In sum, 32 samples including 15 black grains, 12 red grains, and five white/yellow grains collected from patients with mycetoma at the Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital in Dakar, Senegal, between October 2014 and September 2020 were submitted to PCR/sequencing. For black grai…

[Tick bite fever in West Africa: difficulties in diagnosis of an emerging disease].

West African tick bite fever is a prevalent emerging zoonosis from the coast of Senegal to Chad. It is characterized by recurrent fever in association with a deteriorating clinical state. It is now the second most common vector-borne disease in Senegal. The purpose of this report is to describe one case and to review the main clinical and epidemiological features of this disease.

Safety and non-inferiority of multidose and single-dose vial formulations of EuTCV Vi-CRM197 versus Typbar TCV in healthy participants in Kenya and Senegal: a multicentre, observer-blind, randomised, phase 3 study.

BACKGROUND: Typhoid is an important global public health problem, despite efforts to enhance access to clean water and sanitation facilities, appropriate diagnostics, treatments, and vaccines. We aimed to assess the safety and non-inferiority of single-dose and multidose EuTCV Vi-CRM197 typhoid conjugate vaccine (TCV) formulations compared with Typbar TCV. METHODS: This multicentre, observer-blinded, randomised, phase 3, non-inferiority study conducted at one medical research institute in Kenya and one in Senegal enrolled healthy participants aged 6 months to 45 years, without previous typhoi…

Identification of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Mitochondrial Genome and Kelch 13 Gene of Plasmodium falciparum in Different Geographical Populations.

The emergence of artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum parasites in Southeast Asia threatens malaria control and elimination. The inte … entified K13 SNPs from malaria patients in the districts of India (Ranchi), Tanzania (Korogwe), and Senegal (Podor, Richard Toll, Kaolack, and Ndoffane). DNA was amplified using a nested PCR and Sanger-sequenced. Overall, 199 K13 sequences (India: N = 92; Tanzania: N = 48; Senegal: N = 59) and 237 mitochondrial sequences (India: N = 93; Tanzania: N = 48; …

Vitamin A supplementation coverage and associated factors for children aged 6 to 59 months in integrated and campaign-based delivery systems in four sub-Saharan African countries.

BACKGROUND: Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is a leading contributor to the poor health and nutrition of young children in sub-Saharan Africa. Funding constraints are compelling many countries to shift from longstanding campaigns to integrating vitamin A supplementation (VAS) into routine health services. We assessed child VAS coverage and associated factors for integrated delivery systems in Mozambique, Senegal, and Sierra Leone and for a campaign-based delivery strategy in Tanzania. METHODS: Data were obtained using representative household surveys administered to primary caregivers of N = 16,34…

[Pathologies associated with HTLV-1 virus in Dakar (1992-1995)].

A clinical and laboratory study was conducted in Dakar (Senegal) to assess the involvement of HTLV-1 virus (human T lymphotrophic virus type 1) in various diseases. Patients were enrolled at three locations: the Dermatology Department of the Fann University Hospital Center (845 patients) from 1992 to 1995, the Dermatology Department of the Le Dantec University Hospital Center and the Oncology Department of the Principal Hospital (7 patients) in 1994 and 1995. The incidence of involvement of human retroviruses in neurologic complications seemed low (HTLV-1: 2%, HIV: 3%) and only 6 cases of trop…

It's risky to wander in September: Modelling the epidemic potential of Rift Valley fever in a Sahelian setting.

Estimating the epidemic potential of vector-borne diseases, along with the relative contribution of underlying mechanisms, is crucial for animal and human health worldwide. In West African Sahel, several outbreaks of Rift Valley fever (RVF) have occurred over the last decades, but uncertainty remains about the conditions necessary to trigger these outbreaks. We use the basic reproduction number (R0) as a measure of RVF epidemic potential in northern Senegal, and map its value in two distinct ecosystems, namely the Ferlo and the Senegal River delta and valley. We consider three consecutive rain…

[Infectious etiology of diarrheal morbidity in a Senegalese region of high exposure to Schistosoma mansoni].

Endemic schistosomiasis due to Schistosoma mansoni has been observed in Richard-Toll (The Senegal River basin) in Senegal since 1990. Because of its high prevalence, schistosomiasis is assumed to be the cause of most cases of diarrhea observed in the region. The purpose of the present study carried out within the framework of the ESPOIR program for control of bilharziasis in the Senegal River region was to confirm the exact etiology of diarrhea in the region. A total of 109 subjects presenting diarrhea including 57 children under the age of 5 years were included in the study. In all cases, sto…

alpha-Thalassemia among sickle cell anemia patients in various African populations.

We have studied the incidence of alpha-thalassemia in normal and SS individuals from Senegal, Benin, Upper Volta, and Central Republican Africa. The alpha thal gene frequency is not significantly different in the controls from the various populations and in the SS patients from Senegal. In contrast it is compatible with increased survival of SS patients in Benin, Upper Volta. The data suggest epistatic effects of other factors in the Senegalese population.

[An unusual mediastinal opacity].

A 36-year old immunocompetent male from Senegal with an uneventful history was admitted for exploration of a bullous collection in the posterior mediastinum. Multifocal tuberculosis was diagnosed. Computed tomography-guided drainage removed 600 cc of caseum. The diagnosis as rupture of intrathoracic Pott's abscess complicated by a probably esophageal fistula. The clinical course was rapidly favorable with later development of mediastinal fibrosis. This uncommon case illustrates the contribution of interventional radiology recently developed in the Principal Hospital in Dakar, Senegal.

[Not Available].

INTRODUCTION: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a serious viral disease caused by a virus of the genus Nairovirus. It is transmitted mainly by ticks and, in some cases, by contact with infected blood or body fluids. CCHF is endemic in several parts of Africa. This study focuses on cases of CCHF in Senegal in 2023, and on the actions implemented to manage the epidemic. METHODOLOGY: A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the 2023 CCHF epidemic in Senegal. The Syndrome Sentinel Surveillance Network (4S Network) was used to detect cases. The reference laboratory used ELISA and PCR…

Potential of Listeria hazard in African fishery products and possible control measures.

Africa contributes 5.54 million MT (4.5%) to the world harvest of aquatic organisms. Fisheries represent a vital sector for many countries in Africa, both for domestic food supply, employment opportunities and foreign exchange earnings. Despite the low level of African fish production and export in comparison with the other continents, fish represent the major protein Source in many countries (36-58% of animal proteins in C te d'Ivoire, Congo, Senegal, Angola) and fishing is a vital activity for Senegal, Mauritania, Morocco, Ghana, Tunisia and other countries. In fact, it is the main sector fo…

Accuracy of nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire against psychiatric diagnosis for depression among people with HIV.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the performance of the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) against psychiatrist diagnosis in people with HIV (PWH). DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis of data collected between January 2018 and July 2022 across five sites in Cameroon, Cote d'Ivoire, Kenya, Senegal, and the Republic of Congo. Participants were ≥18 years and receiving HIV care at the participating site. PHQ-9 was administered by study staff followed by a psychiatrist's evaluation within 3 days. RESULTS: Overall, 778 participants with complete data were included: 297 (38.2…

Aetiologies of bacterial tick-borne febrile illnesses in humans in Africa: diagnostic limitations and the need for improvement.

Tick-borne febrile illnesses caused by pathogens like Anaplasma spp., Bartonella spp., Borrelia spp., Ehrlichia spp., Coxiella burnetii, Fra … outh Africa; Francisella spp. in Kenya and Ethiopia; Ehrlichia spp. in Cameroon; Bartonella spp. in Senegal, Namibia, South Africa, and Ethiopia; Borrelia spp. in Senegal, Gabon, Tanzania, and Ethiopia; Coxiella burnetii in 10 countries including Senegal, Mali, and South Africa; and Rickettsia spp. in 14 countries including Senegal, Algeria, and Uganda. D …

Is the IL1RA/IL1B Ratio a Suitable Biomarker for Subclinical Endometritis in Dairy Cows?

The adequate expression of cytokines is essential for the prevention and healing of bovine endometrial inflammation. This study investigated the intra-uterine concentration of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)1B and its antagonist IL1RA in cows with and without subclinical endometritis (SE). Samples were taken from 37 uteri at the abattoir and 26 uteri in vivo. Uterine secretion samples were classified as showing no signs of SE (SEneg; polymorphonuclear neutrophil granulocyte (PMN) < 5%) or showing signs of SE (SEpos; PMN ≥ 5%). Concentrations and ratios for IL1B and IL1RA were mea

Non-falciparum malaria in Dakar: a confirmed case of Plasmodium ovale wallikeri infection.

BACKGROUND: Plasmodium ovale is rarely described in Senegal. A case of clinical malaria due to P. ovale wallikeri in West Central of Senegal is reported. CASE: A 34-year-old male baker in Dakar, with no significant previous medical history, was admitted to a health clinic with fever and vomiting. Fever had been lasting for 4 days with peaks every 48 h. As monospecific Plasmodium falciparum HRP-2 RDT was negative, he was treated with antibiotics. However, owing to persisting symptoms, he was referred to the emergency unit of the Youssou Mbargane Diop Hospital, Dakar, Senegal. Clinical examinat…

Establishment of the first bone marrow transplant program in francophone sub-Saharan Africa: clinical case and future perspectives.

BACKGROUND: Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) offers curative potential for several malignant and non-malignant hematologic disorders. Despite its proven efficacy, access to HSCT in sub-Saharan Africa remains limited, especially in francophone countries, due to the lack of infrastructure, cryobiology facilities and trained personnel. Senegal recently launched a national initiative to establish its first HSCT program. CASE REPORT OF THE FIRST AUTOLOGOUS STEM CELL TRANSPLANT IN SENEGAL: We report the first autologous HSCT performed in Senegal in February 2025 at Dalal Jamm Univers…

[Epidemic of Rift Valley fever in the Islamic republic of Mauritania. Geographic and ecological data].

During and after the Rift Valley Fever epidemic in southern mauritania, we conducted epidemiological inquiries in order to determine epidemic and epizootic areas. The epidemic area was divided into two different zones. The first was located along the right bank of the Senegal River, around the town of Rosso. The second was located near the town of Kaedi. This epidemic area was included within the epizootic area, which stretched to the south, between Rosso and Saint-Louis. Several ecological changes had occurred in the recent past including erection of dams on the Senegal River for irrigation, …

E-protein variability in Zika virus strains: A possible new O-glycosylation site and its implications.

Background and objectives Zika virus (ZIKV) is a flavivirus transmitted by the bite of infected Aedes mosquito. In 2015-16, Brazil reported … in 3D structure and residues interaction analysis. Results We identified 2 major ZIKV clades - ZIKV Senegal strain (African lineage, Accession No. MF510857, 1984) is an ancestral strain representing one clade, while the remaining strains belong to the second major clade, with the Indian strain being closest to the Senegal strain genomically. The Senegal s …

Патогенез бешенства летучих мышей в естественном резервуаре: сравнительное воздействие соломенной летучей мыши (Eidolon helveum) на три штамма вируса Лагоса летучих мышей.

Рабис является смертельной неврологической болезнью, вызванной лиссавирусной инфекцией. Люди заражаются через контакт с инфицированными животными. Относительное увеличение числа человеческих бешенств, поступающих от летучих мышей, требует лучшего понимания лиссавирусных инфекций в их естественных хостеврах. Пока нет экспериментальной модели, имитирующей естественную лиссавирусную инфекцию в водохранилище. Вирус мыши Лагоса — это лиссавирус, эндемичный у соломенных летучих мышей (Eidolon helvum) в Африке. Здесь мы сравнили подверженность этих летучих мышей трем штаммам вируса мышей Лагоса (из С

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Rabies is a fatal neurologic disease caused by lyssavirus infection. People are infected through contact with infected animals. The relative … Africa. Here we compared the susceptibility of these bats to three strains of Lagos bat virus (from Senegal, Nigeria, and Ghana) by intracranial inoculation. To allow comparison between strains, we ensured the same titer of virus was inoculated in the same location of the brain of each bat. All bats (n = 3 per strain) were infected, and developed neurolog …