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Elevated ratio of late measles among subacute sclerosing panencephalitis patients in Karachi, Pakistan.

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) in Western countries and Japan is found more often in early- than in late-measles sufferers. Recent SSPE findings in Karachi, however, present a different picture. Age at measles contraction was obtained and analyzed for 44 SSPE patients identified in Karachi between 1983 and 1988. The ratios of early- (< 2 years of age) and late- (> or = 2 years of age) measles sufferers among 36 of these patients who had experienced only one attack of measles were 0.33 and 0.67, respectively. This is in striking contrast to the predominance of early measles in the S

Translation and cultural adaptation of the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire for use in Pakistan.

Several tools measure the Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of people with chronic illnesses but evidence on their cross-cultural adaptation is limited. This study performed the cross-cultural adaptation of the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) for use with Urdu speakers in Pakistan, while documenting the adaptation process in detail. This methodological study employed a structured cross-cultural adaptation and linguistic validation design. We incorporated a Delphi Pannel to the MAPI Research Trusts' 5-step linguistic validation process. Two forward translators ind…

Prevalence of Arthritis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Pakistan: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

INTRODUCTION: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease with diverse clinical manifestations that significantly affect patients' quality of life. Arthritis is one of the most common and disabling manifestations of SLE. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive estimate of the prevalence of arthritis among patients with SLE in Pakistan and to evaluate regional and temporal variations. METHODS: Two independent reviewers selected eligible studies, extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to account for between-stud…

Neurosurgical research in Pakistan: a descriptive bibliometric analysis of developments and disparities in 25 years.

The objective was to conduct comprehensive bibliometric studies which would offer valuable insights into neurosurgery research and training in Pakistan. We conducted a bibliometric analysis for all PubMed-indexed peer-reviewed publications from January 2000 to June 2024, where at least one author was affiliated with any neurosurgical department in Pakistan and the research was conducted in Pakistan. A significant exponential rise was seen during the 2016-20 and 2021-24 periods. Most publications were from Karachi ,651 (56.7%), Lahore, 128 (11.1%), Peshawar, 104 (9.1%) and Islamabad, 79 (6.9%).…

Evaluation of trauma-related mortality in Peshawar, Pakistan: a study at Khyber Teaching Hospital.

BACKGROUND: Trauma is a leading cause of death and disability in low-income and middle-income countries. In Pakistan, limited reporting and absence of trauma registries restrict understanding of outcomes in Peshawar. OBJECTIVE: To describe the patterns, severity, and in-hospital mortality of trauma at Khyber Teaching Hospital (KTH), Peshawar, during 5 years. METHODS: This retrospective cohort (2018-2022) included all trauma admissions at KTH. Data on demographics, mechanism, Injury Severity Score (ISS), Revised Trauma Score (RTS), and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) Score were extracted. Logistic r…

Modifiable Factors Associated With Delayed Diagnosis of Breast Cancer in Pakistan: An Epidemiological Study.

IntroductionBreast cancer (BC) is a leading cause of death and has become an emerging issue for global public health. We aimed to explore and identify the modifiable factors associated with delayed diagnosis among patients with BC in Pakistan.MethodsAn epidemiological analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with BC undergoing chemotherapy at a specialized cancer hospital in Punjab, Pakistan. Data on demographic characteristics and factors associated with delayed diagnosis were collected directly from patients using a self-structured questionnaire. Simultaneously, tumor-relat…

Спектр и эпидемиология неврологических расстройств и нервно-мышечных аномалий у педиатрического населения Сиалкота, Пакистан.

СВЕДЕНИЕ И ЦЕЛЬ: Неврологические заболевания и нейромускульные аномалии являются сложными условиями, влияющими как на центральную, так и на периферию нервной системы. Цель этого исследования заключалась в изучении частотности, характерных особенностей, фенотипных особенностей и семейных характеристик педиатрических неврологических расстройств и нейромускульных аномалий в пакистанском районе Сиалкот. МЕТОДОЛОГИЯ: С февраля было проведено перекрестное исследование, в ходе которого пациенты были набраны из больниц третичной медицинской помощи по всему району Сиалкот, 2024 до декабря, 2024. Для ан

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Neurological diseases and neuromuscular abnormalities are intricate conditions that impact both the central and pe … eristics of pediatric neurological disorders and neuromuscular anomalies in the Sialkot district of Pakistan. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was performed, with patients recruited from tertiary care hospitals throughout the Sialkot district from February, 2024 to December, 2024. Descriptive statistics were used to analyses and compare the data. RES …

Evaluation of morphometric traits and productive and reproductive performance of Sipli sheep in Punjab, Pakistan.

The study evaluated the morphometric traits, productive, and reproductive performance of Sipli sheep in Punjab, Pakistan, aiming to provide a baseline for breed characterization, management, and breeding strategies. The study was conducted at the Sheep Breeding Centre, involving the collection of morphometric data, productive traits (wool and milk), and reproductive parameters. Morphometric measurements, including body length, height at withers, and heart girth, were taken on 35 rams and 47 ewes. Wool samples (n = 33) were collected bi-annually from the same sheep during autumn and spring to a…

Social challenges and support needs of patients with hemophilia in Pakistan: a qualitative exploratory study.

BACKGROUND: Hemophilia significantly impacts both physical health and psychosocial well-being. In Pakistan, limited resources, social stigma, and inadequate support systems often worsen these burdens. This study explored the lived experiences and support needs of adult patients in thisresource-constrained setting. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We conducted a qualitative study with 30 men (ages 20-45) at the Sundas Foundation in Lahore. Data from semi-structured interviews in Urdu were transcribed, translated, and analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS: Four key themes emerged: (1) widespre…

Identification of Ctenocephalides felis felis and the detection and characterization of associated Wolbachia endosymbiont in Pakistan.

Fleas are holometabolous, blood-feeding ectoparasites capable of transmitting diverse pathogens of significant veterinary and public health concerns. Their occurrence and abundance within a given habitat depend on environmental factors and the availability of suitable hosts. In Pakistan, research on flea fauna and their associated pathogens has been neglected. To date, no reports have documented the molecular characterization of Ctenocephalides felis felis and their associated bacteria in Pakistan. In the present study, three hundred and eighty morphologically identified C. felis felis specime…

Epidemiology and functional dependence of spinal cord injury survivors in Pakistan: A prospective study.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the epidemiology of traumatic spinal cord injury survivors in Pakistan, and to investigate the level of functional dependence of patients on their caregivers. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2021 to June 2023 after approval from the institutional ethics review board of the National Institute of Psychology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan, and comprised patients with spinal cord injury. Data was collected from spinal units of various public and private hospitals across the country. Demographic data, nature of injury, neurological …

Challenges Faced by Caregivers of Individuals With Substance Use Disorder in Pakistan: A Qualitative Study.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Caregivers play a vital role in the treatment of individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs) and encounter numerous … members were admitted and currently undergoing treatment at a rehabilitation facility in Islamabad, Pakistan. These caregivers represented diverse socioeconomic backgrounds, ethnicities, and cities. RESULTS: The major themes that emerged from the study included personal challenges, economic challenges, social challenges, legal challenges, and healthcare-r …

Forgiveness Therapy to Build Hope and Reduce Anxiety and Depression in Battered Women in Pakistan.

This study examined the impact of forgiveness therapy on battered women in Pakistan. The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of a forgiveness-focused intervention in reducing depression, anxiety and anger while increasing forgiveness and hope among the battered women within shelter homes. Thirty participants, aged 25-40, were randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group. Participants were recruited from various cities across Punjab, including Hafizabad, Lahore, Gujrat, Khushab, Sargodha and Gujranwala. The Enright Forgiveness Inventory short form (to assess individual levels…

A retrospective five-year autopsy based study of suicide in Punjab province of Pakistan.

BACKGROUND: Suicide deaths are significantly under-reported in Pakistan due, in part, to the absence of a national registry of suicide and stigma resulting from its illegal status until recently. Past studies of suicide by forensic autopsy have focused on larger cities. We aimed to identify the pattern of suicidal deaths in five rural districts in Punjab Province of Pakistan. METHODS: The data included all autopsies performed for suspected suicide in five districts of Punjab province (Bhakkar, Okara, Nankana Sahib, Khanewal and Khushab) over five years between January 2018 and December 2022, …

Developing suicide screening and prevention guideline for the children and adolescents of Pakistan: The first step.

This paper focuses on developing suicide screening and prevention guidelines by the Pakistan Psychiatric Research Center's Task Force of national and international experts, specifically for children and adolescents in Pakistan. The discussion included screening for youth in medical and non-medical settings using internationally recognized, validated, and easy-to-use screening instruments. Recommendations were also made to advance beyond the current paradigm in Pakistan's mental health landscape by exploring essential next steps to reduce youth suicide rates by 2030. Pakistan has an estimated p…

Grade-ADOLOPMENT of nephrology clinical practice guidelines and creation of referral algorithms for Pakistan.

OBJECTIVE: To develop evidence-based local clinical practice guidelines and primary care referral pathways for general physicians to help streamline the management of glomerular diseases and diabetes in chronic kidney disease patients in Pakistan. METHODS: The study was conducted from October 2021 to February 2023 at the Centre for Clinical Best Practices, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, in collaboration with the AKUH Section of Nephrology. Two source guidelines were selected by the local nephrologists after a thorough literature review on PubMed and Google Scholar. GRADEADOLOPMENT app…

Barriers to Kidney Transplantation in Urban Hemodialysis Centers in Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: End-stage kidney disease is a global health challenge that has greatly affected low-income and middle-income countries. While a living donor kidney transplant (LDKT) is the most optimal treatment for end-stage kidney disease, many medical and nonmedical barriers persist which hinder transplant rates. This study aims to identify the various medical, psychological, and socioeconomic barriers to LDKT among patients in urban hemodialysis centers in Pakistan. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of patients undergoing hemodialysis in urban hospitals across three urban cities in Pa…

Establishing consensus on the implementation of Anticoagulation Stewardship Program with cardiologists in Pakistan: A Delphi study.

BACKGROUND: The Anticoagulation Stewardship Program (ASP) improves clinical outcomes, promotes patient safety, and supports healthcare systems in delivering high-quality, evidence-based anticoagulation management. This study aimed to develop a consensus among cardiologists about the implementation of the ASP Program in Pakistan. METHODS: A three-round Delphi study was conducted utilizing an online questionnaire. In Round 1, cardiologists (Delphi panel experts) reported their consensus with the items in the questionnaire using a 3-point Likert scale. The selection of items for Round 2 was base…

Challenges Faced by Healthcare Professionals in Screening Newborns for Congenital Heart Defects in Pakistan.

Early and timely screening for congenital heart disease (CHD) is one of the key challenges for healthcare professionals (HPs). This study aimed to identify barriers to the screening of CHD among healthcare professionals in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A qualitative cross-sectional study was conducted among HPs working in public and private hospitals, and data were analyzed thematically using NVivo 10.0 software until saturation following Braun and Clarke's framework. Data were reported according to the Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR). Participants reported critical gaps in…