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High basal level of autophagy in high-altitude residents attenuates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.

OBJECTIVE: Hypoxia can induce autophagy, which plays an important role in cardioprotection. The present study tested the hypothesis that patients with congenital heart disease living at a high altitude could resist ischemia-reperfusion injury better than those at a low altitude, through elevated basal autophagy by chronic hypoxia. METHODS: Twelve Tibetan patients residing at a high altitude of >3000 m and 12 Han patients residing at a low altitude of <500 m with simple atrial or ventricular septal defects were prospectively recruited. All patients underwent cardiopulmonary bypass, maintaining…

[Construction and application of a risk index of Echinococcus infection based on the classification of echinococcosis lesions].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of constructing the risk index of Echinococcus infection based on the classification of echinococc … l P values < 0.05), with high short- (0.058), medium- (0.137) and long-term risk indices (0.104) in Tibet Autonomous Region, and the short-, medium- and long-term risk indices of E. multilocularis infection varied in echinococcosis-endemic provinces (autonomous regions and corps) of China (χ2 = 6.74 to 122.60, all P values < 0.05), with a high short-ter …

[A national survey on current status of the important parasitic diseases in human population].

In order to understand the current status and trends of the important parasitic diseases in human population, to evaluate the effect of cont … respectively. A remarkable increase of the prevalence of Taenia infection was found in Sichuan and Tibet, by 98% and 97% respectively. Echinococcosis is important in the Western part of China. Many parasitic diseases are still highly prevalent in the rural and pastoral areas with higher prevalence, morbidity and certain case fatality in farmers and her …

PDK2 and ABCG2 genes polymorphisms are correlated with blood glucose levels and uric acid in Tibetan gout patients.

Previous studies have shown that the PDK2 and ABCG2 genes play important roles in many aspects of gout development in European populations. However, a detailed genotype-phenotype analysis was not performed. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential association between variants in these two genes and metabolism-related quantitative phenotypes relevant to gout in a Chinese Tibetan population. In total, 316 Chinese Tibetan gout patients were recruited from rheumatology outpatient clinics and 6 single nucleotide polymorphisms in PDK2 and ABCG2 were genotyped, which were possibl…

WDR1 and CLNK gene polymorphisms correlate with serum glucose and high-density lipoprotein levels in Tibetan gout patients.

Current evidence suggests heredity and metabolic syndrome contributes to gout progression. Specifically, the WDR1 and CLNK genes may play a role in gout progression in European ancestry populations. However, no studies have focused on Chinese populations, especially Tibetan individuals. This study aims to determine whether variations in these two genes correlate with gout-related indices in Chinese-Tibetan gout patients. Eleven single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the WDR1 and CLNK genes were detected in 319 Chinese-Tibetan gout patients and 318 controls. We used one-way analysis of variance to …

Spatiotemporal distribution of newly diagnosed echinococcosis patients in Sichuan Province, China, 2013-2024.

BACKGROUND: Echinococcosis is a zoonotic parasitic disease that significantly endangers public health and hinders socioeconomic development. … ually between 2013 and 2024, exhibiting significant spatial clustering. The western Sichuan Qinghai Tibet Plateau region is a "hot spot" for echinococcosis in the Sichuan Province population. It is recommended that relevant departments develop precise prevention and control strategies for the current areas of clustering.

Age-sex-specific burden of urological cancers attributable to risk factors in China and its provinces, 1990-2021, and forecasts with scenarios simulation: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

BACKGROUND: As global aging intensifies, urological cancers pose increasing health and economic burdens. In China, home to one-fifth of the … er 100,000 population in 1990 to 5.6 (4.4-7.2) in 2021, notably in Jilin [-166.7% (-237 to -64.6)], Tibet [-135.4% (-229.1 to 4.4)], and Heilongjiang [-118.5% (-206.5 to -4.6)]. Specifically, the national ASMR for bladder and testicular cancers reduced by -32.1% (-47.9 to 1.9) and -31.1% (-50.2 to 7.2), respectively, whereas prostate and kidney cancers …

Tibetan medicine Bawei Chenxiang Wan attenuates chronic mountain sickness by targeting the AKT/FOXO3a/CAT axis to inhibit oxidative stress.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Bawei Chenxiang Wan (BWCX) is a classical Tibetan medicinal formula originating from the canonical Tibetan medical text The Four Tantras. It is traditionally used to activate qi circulation, nourish the heart, tranquilize the mind and enhance intelligence. It has been applied for over a thousand years on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to treat cardio-cerebral hypoxic syndromes such as high-altitude (HA) adverse qi flow and mental trance, which are attributed to an imbalance among the three humors (rlung, mkhris-pa, and bad-kan). The traditional applications of BWCX c…

Malaria situation in the People's Republic Of China in 2007.

Total 50148 malaria cases and 83551 suspected cases with 18 deaths were reported by the annual case reporting system in 1182 counties of 23 … nce of more than 10/10000 distributed in Yunnan (9 counties), Hainan (5), Anhui (9), Henan (2), and Tibet (1). There were 72 counties in which the malaria incidence was between 1/10000 and 10/10000. 1830 Plasmodium falciparum malaria cases accounted for 3.6% of the total cases, of which 65.1% (1192) were imported cases reported in 187 counties/cities of …

The effect of air pollution on deaths, disease burden, and life expectancy across China and its provinces, 1990-2017: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017.

BACKGROUND: Air pollution is an important public health concern in China, with high levels of exposure to both ambient and household air pol … n Xinjiang for ambient pollution, and from 18·7 (9·1-34·0) in Shanghai to 1804·5 (1339·5-2270·1) in Tibet for household pollution. Although the overall mortality attributable to air pollution decreased in China between 1990 and 2017, 12 provinces showed an increasing trend during the past 27 years. INTERPRETATION: Pollution from ambient PM2·5 and house …

Burden of All Cancers Along With Attributable Risk Factors in China From 1990 to 2019: Comparison With Japan, European Union, and USA.

BackgroundUnderstanding the epidemiological characteristics of various cancers can optimize the prevention and control strategies in the national cancer control plan. This study aimed to report the burden differences, pattern trend, and potential risk factors of all neoplasm types in China in recent 30 years, and further compared with top economies in the world.MethodsThe disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and age-standardized DALY rate (ASDR) of all neoplasms with the attributable risk factors from 1990 to 2019 in China, Japan, European Union, USA, and the world were extracted from the Gl

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… In contrast, the three provinces with the lowest ASDR were Tibet (21.53/1000), Beijing (26.70/1000), and Macau (27.04/1000). In terms of most specific neoplasm types, more obvious heterogeneity was observed at the provincial level. … For instance, the variety in ASDR of lung cancer was more than 15 times, with the highest rate observed in Liaoning (17.81/1000), and the lowest rate observed in Tibet (1.18/1000). High-burden nasopharyngeal cancer was more common in southern China, including Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan, and so on. …

Prevalence estimates of small vulnerable newborns in China (2012-22): a modelling study.

BACKGROUND: Persistent efforts are imperative to improve neonatal health outcomes, especially considering China's evolving fertility policie … ged from Jan 1, 2012, to Dec 31, 2022, at 441 hospitals located in 30 mainland provinces (excluding Tibet) to estimate the prevalence of SVNs and the four mutually exclusive SVN types (preterm SGA; preterm non-SGA; term [≥37 weeks' gestation] SGA; and term non-SGA but LBW [LBW only]) at the national and provincial levels. Provincial data were aggregated …

Burden of multiple myeloma in China: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019.

BackgroundThere is limited data to comprehensively evaluate the epidemiological characteristics of multiple myeloma (MM) in China; therefore, this study determined the characteristics of the disease burden of MM at national and provincial levels in China.MethodsThe burden of MM, including incidence, mortality, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), with a 95% uncertainty interval (UI), was determined in China following the general analytical strategy used in the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019. The trends in the burden of MM from 1990 to 2019 we

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… The DALY numbers were highest in Sichuan, Shandong, and Jiangsu, and were lowest in the Macao, Tibet, and Qinghai [Supplementary Figure 1A]. The age-standardized DALY rates were highest in Shanghai, Zhejiang, and Xinjiang and were lowest in Shandong, Hainan, and Macao (Supplementary Figure 1B). … The age-standardized incidence rates were highest in Shanghai, Zhejiang, and Beijing and were lowest in Tibet, Hainan, and Guizhou [Figure 2 A] in 2019. …

Progress on new drug treatments for hepatic echinococcosis.

Echinococcosis: is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by infection with the larvae of Echinococcus tapeworms. At present, the standardized treatment regimen for this disease consists of radical lesion resection combined with albendazole. For patients who are inoperable or experience postoperative recurrence, the treatment with anti-echinococcosis drugs is particularly crucial. To date, albendazole remains the primary drug clinically used for anti-echinococcosis treatment. However, it has inherent drawbacks such as low bioavailability, poor solubility, long treatment course, and multiple adver

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… Up to now, echinococcosis has been detected in 23 provinces, municipalities and regions in China, among which the epidemic is relatively severe in the western pastoral and agricultural areas such as Qinghai, Xinjiang, Tibet, Gansu and Sichuan ( Li et al., 2009 ). … Epidemiological characteristics of canine Echinococcus infection in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region. Chin. J. Schistosomiasis Control 29 (02), 129–138. 10.16250/j.32.1374.2017004 Liu W. Z., Zhou W. H., Bai T., Wang L., Niu J. H. (2024). …

Cannabis Biomolecule Effects on Cancer Cells and Cancer Stem Cells: Cytotoxic, Anti-Proliferative, and Anti-Migratory Activities.

Cancer is a complex family of diseases affecting millions of people worldwide. Gliomas are primary brain tumors that account for ~80% of all malignant brain tumors. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common, invasive, and lethal subtype of glioma. Therapy resistance and intra-GBM tumoral heterogeneity are promoted by subpopulations of glioma stem cells (GSCs). Cannabis sativa produces hundreds of secondary metabolites, such as flavonoids, terpenes, and phytocannabinoids. Around 160 phytocannabinoids have been identified in C. sativa. Cannabis is commonly used to treat various medical co

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… The religious and medicinal uses of Cannabis in China, India and Tibet. J. Psychoact. Drugs. 1981;13:23–34. doi: 10.1080/02791072.1981.10471447. 7. Zuardi A.W. History of cannabis as a medicine: A review. Braz. J. Psychiatry. 2006;28:153–157. doi: 10.1590/S1516-44462006000200015. 8. Mikuriya T.H. …

Measuring performance on the Healthcare Access and Quality Index for 195 countries and territories and selected subnational locations: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016.

BACKGROUND: A key component of achieving universal health coverage is ensuring that all populations have access to quality health care. Exam … cores in 2016. In China, performance ranged from 91·5 (89·1-93·6) in Beijing to 48·0 (43·4-53·2) in Tibet (a 43·5-point difference), while India saw a 30·8-point disparity, from 64·8 (59·6-68·8) in Goa to 34·0 (30·3-38·1) in Assam. Japan recorded the smallest range in subnational HAQ performance in 2016 (a 4·8-point difference), whereas differences betw …

Incidence of multiple sclerosis in China: A nationwide hospital-based study.

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a leading cause of disability among young adults and effects considerable social and economic burdens. Data of MS incidence in China at the national level is lacking. We conducted the first nationwide hospital-based study to estimate the incidence and hospitalization burden of MS in China. METHODS: This study is based on an administrative database of the National Hospital Quality Monitoring System, which covers all 1665 tertiary hospitals in mainland China. The "Medical Record Homepage" of all patients, including 346 variables including demographic chara

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… China's vast territory encompasses a broad latitude range (20°N to 50°N), in the northern hemisphere, that can be broadly arranged into three macro landform complexes, descending step- by-step from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to the coastal area in the east. … The estimated crude incidence in the context of geographic distribution varied from 0•049 (95% CI 0•006–0•093) in Tibet (30° N) to 0•541 (95% CI 0•488–0•593) in Inner Mongolia (40° N) ( Fig. 1 ). …

Clinical Application of Chinese Herbal Injection for Cancer Care: Evidence-Mapping of the Systematic Reviews, Meta-analyses, and Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background and objective: Cancer is a life-threatening disease worldwide and current standard therapy cannot fulfill all clinical needs. Chinese herbal injections have been widely used for cancer in Chinese and Western hospitals in China. This study aimed to apply evidence mapping in order to provide an overview of the clinical application of Chinese herbal injections in cancer care based on randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. Methods and results: Seven databases were systematically searched for eligible randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and met

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… The largest number of RCTs were from Henan province (n = 39), while no eligible published RCTs were found in Jilin Province, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Tibet Autonomous Region, and Yunnan Province. …

Prevalence, awareness, and treatment of anemia in Chinese patients with nondialysis chronic kidney disease: First multicenter, cross-sectional study.

This was the first multicenter, cross-sectional survey to assess the prevalence of anemia, patient awareness, and treatment status in China. Data of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD; age, 18-75 years; both out- and inpatients) from 25 hospitals in Shanghai, seeking medical treatment at the nephrology department, were collected between July 1, 2012 and August 31, 2012. The prevalence, awareness, and treatment of anemia in patients with nondialysis CKD (ND-CKD) were assessed. Anemia was defined as serum hemoglobin (Hb) levels ≤12 g/dL in women and ≤13 g/dL in men. A total of 2420 patien

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… Few previous studies conducted in China have demonstrated an increasing prevalence of CKD in certain provinces and municipalities (Beijing, Taian, Zhejiang and Guangdong, and Tibet); however, these studies do not provide insights into the epidemiology of CKD in association with anemia. [ 32 – 35 ] To …

Сосуществование Лактиплантацилла и Виккерхамомиц в верхнем слое сахарного тростника стимулирует потенциальное подавление патогенов и аэробную стабильность за счет увеличения производства лактической кислоты и уксусной кислоты.

Чтобы определить сосуществующие бактерии и дрожжи в верхнем слое сахарного тростника, которые определяют качество ферментации и повышают безопасность корма, мы манипулировали эпифитической микробиотой сверху сахарного тростника путем селективного подавления дрожжей (АФ) или бактерий с лактической кислотой (АБ) перед повторной цензурой, используя в качестве контроля неочищенные (КК) и стерилизованные стерилизованные силизы (НА). Результаты показывают, что высокоурожайное производство лактической кислоты и уксусной кислоты (p) < 0.05), лучшая аэробная стабильность и высокая плотность Лактипланта

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… Bao Y Yangzong Z Yuan Z Shi R Feng K Xin P Song T The microbial communities and natural fermentation quality of ensiling oat ( Avena sativa L. ) harvest from different elevations on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Front Microbiol 2023 13 1108890 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1108890 36713149 PMC9873999 Bao Y, Yangzong … The microbial communities and natural fermentation quality of ensiling oat ( Avena sativa L. ) harvest from different elevations on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. …