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Traumatic brain injury and long-term associations with work, divorce and academic achievement.

OBJECTIVE: Traumatic brain injuries (TBI), irrespective of severity, may have long-term social implications. This study explores the relationships between TBI severity and outcomes related to work stability, divorce, and academic achievement. METHODS: Using a Danish nationwide sample of persons with and without TBI, we employed case-control and longitudinal cohort designs. The case-control design utilized individuals aged 18 to 60 years and examined work stability. Each case, employed at time of TBI, was compared with 10 matched controls. The cohort design utilized individuals alive from 1980…

Psychological adjustment and substance use among adolescents before and after a parental divorce.

This study examined the well-being of adolescents before and after a parental divorce. The sample consisted of adolescents who were administered self-report measures of psychological adjustment and substance use over a 5-year period. 48 adolescents experienced the disruption of their parents' marriage during this time. Data were available at an average of 12 months before the separation and 5 months after the divorce. The control group consisted of the 578 adolescents in the original sample whose parents remained continuously married. The most important finding was a striking gender difference…

Role of maternal functioning and parenting skills in adolescent functioning following parental divorce.

While divorce has been associated with impaired child functioning, the mechanisms within the divorce process leading to such an outcome have rarely been examined. The following hypothesis was examined: Divorce is associated with poor parental adjustment or disrupts parenting behavior, or both, which leads to poor adolescent functioning. Subjects were 121 and 93 young adolescents from intact and recently divorced families, respectively, and their mothers and teachers. Mothers completed measures assessing parental conflict and depression, observers coded parenting skills during a mother-adolesce…

Alcohol use disorder, psychiatric comorbidities, marriage and divorce in a high-risk sample.

OBJECTIVE: To examine associations between alcohol use disorder (AUD), its psychiatric comorbidities, and their interactions, with marital outcomes in a diverse high-risk, genetically informative sample. METHOD: Participants included European ancestry (EA; n = 4,045) and African ancestry (AA; n = 1,550) individuals from the multigenerational Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) sample (56% female, Mage ∼ 41 years). Outcomes were lifetime marriage and divorce. Predictors included lifetime AUD, an alcohol problems polygenic score (PRS), and AUD comorbidities, including condu…

Life course transitions and natural disaster: marriage, birth, and divorce following Hurricane Hugo.

Change in marriage, birth, and divorce rates following Hurricane Hugo in 1989 were examined prospectively from 1975 to 1997 for all counties in South Carolina. Stress research and research on economic circumstances suggested that marriages and births would decline and divorces would increase in affected counties after the hurricane. Attachment theory suggested that marriages and births would increase and divorces would decline after the hurricane. Time-series analysis indicated that the year following the hurricane, marriage, birth, and divorce rates increased in the 24 counties declared disas…

The long arm of divorce and death: Loss, loneliness, and cognition in mid and later life.

BackgroundEarly life adversities can have lifelong consequences for health, including for cognitive functioning and Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Moreover, early-life disadvantages stemming from parental death and divorce have been linked with later life social, mental, and physical well-being outcomes, including social isolation. Therefore, loneliness stands out as an intervenable aspect of well-being that may mediate long-term consequences of early life exposure to parental death and divorce for midlife and older adults' cognitive decline.ObjectiveThe present study aims to deter…

Children and divorce: A rapid review targeting cognitive dissonance, in the context of narrative therapy.

Today, for divorcing parents, the social norms of "good" parenting appear to impose obligations to "fight" for shared custody of their children. However, this may intensify conflicts experienced by their children in the form of cognitive dissonance. Authors conducted a rapid review to explore children's experiences of divorce (ages three to 12 years old) in the context of narrative therapy, in order to uncover the mechanism of cognitive dissonance. Four databases of Scopus, PsychINFO, Family and Societies Studies Worldwide, and PubMed were searched for literature in the last 10 years. Results …

Сравнение эффекта диалектической терапии поведения и арипипразола на эмоциональную разводню в пациентах с гиперсексуальностью.

Фон. Сексуальные желания являются одной из естественных потребностей каждого человека, и если они не используются в правильном направлении, они могут привести к проблемам и различным сексуальным расстройствам, включая гиперсексуальность. Целью этого исследования было сравнить эффекты диалектической поведенческой терапии (ДПТ) и арипипразола на эмоциональную разводку у пациентов с гиперсексуальностью. Материалы и методы. Это исследование было квазиэкспериментальным, с двумя экспериментальными группами, контрольной группой, предварительным тестом, посттестом и фазой последующего наблюдения. Для

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BackgroundSexual desires are one of the natural needs of each person being, which, if not used in the right direction, may become problematic and lead to various sexual disorders, including hypersexuality. This study aimed to compare the effects of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) and aripiprazole on emotional divorce in hypersexual patients.Materials and …

Parental divorce's long shadow: Elevated stroke risk among older Americans.

Although studies have investigated the association between adverse childhood experiences and chronic health outcomes including stroke, few studies have investigated the association between parental divorce and stroke among adults with no history of childhood abuse. The objectives of this study were to investigate the association between parental divorce in childhood and stroke in older adulthood among those who did not experience child abuse and to examine whether this association differs between men and women. This study utilized population-based data from the 2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surv…

A Web-Based HIV/STD Prevention Intervention for Divorced or Separated Older Women.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are increasing among older adults concomitant with a rise in divorce after the age of 50 years. The objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a web-based human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/STD risk reduction intervention for divorced and separated women aged more than 50 years. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Two hundred nineteen divorced or separated women, aged 50 years and older, participated in 60-day randomized pre-post control group study. Recruitment occurred via health agencies in Boston and Columbia, SC, an…

Twenty-five years of shared life with vancomycin-resistant enterococci: is it time to divorce?

Twenty-five years ago, isolation of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREm) was reported both in the UK and in France. Since then, VREm has spread worldwide in hospitals. Hospital outbreaks appeared to be related to the evolution since the end of 1980s of a subpopulation of E. faecium highly resistant to ampicillin and fluoroquinolones (the so-called clonal complex CC17) that later acquired resistance to vancomycin. CC17 isolates are presumably better adapted than other E. faecium isolates to the constraints of the hospital environment and most contain mobile genetic elements, phage g

Children of divorce in a Scandinavian welfare state: are they less affected than US children?

A fairly common view holds that children's risks of negative outcomes associated with family dissolution are generally small or even nonexistent in Scandinavia, and clearly smaller than what is usually found in the United States. This view was empirically examined in a recent large-scale study of 4,127 12-15-year-old children in Norway, of whom 623 had experienced parental divorce and lived in a single-mother family. The somewhat paradoxical pattern of findings was as follows: (a) The negative associations between parental divorce and various outcomes were found to be generally very similar in…

The additive and interactive effects of parenting and temperament in predicting adjustment problems of children of divorce.

Investigated the interaction between parenting and temperament in predicting adjustment problems in children of divorce. The study utilized a sample of 231 mothers and children, 9 to 12 years old, who had experienced divorce within the previous 2 years. Both mothers' and children's reports on parenting, temperament, and adjustment variables were obtained and combined to create cross-reporter measures of the variables. Parenting and temperament were directly and independently related to outcomes consistent with an additive model of their effects. Significant interactions indicated that parental…

Risk factors for bulimia nervosa: a controlled study of parental psychiatric illness and divorce.

Twenty five women with normal-weight bulimia nervosa were compared with 25 age- and weight-matched women without bulimia nervosa on measures … dds ratio = 5.6, 95% Cl = 1.7-19.2). Parental psychiatric illness was also associated with parental divorce (Fisher's exact p = .023) and a trend toward lower ratings of paternal but not maternal relationship by case probands. This study suggests parental psychiatric illness may be a risk factor for bulimia nervosa and may contribute to environmental effe …

Effects of the SES NXT intervention on mental health and well-being for children of divorce.

Parental divorce is common and linked to adverse mental health outcomes and reduced well-being in children and adolescents, yet digital interventions for this group remain scarce. This study reports on a randomized controlled trial of a digital intervention (SES NXT) for children and adolescents aged 3-17 experiencing parental divorce. Participants (n = 866) were randomized to either SES NXT (n = 449) or a waitlist control group (n = 417). At 12-week follow-up from baseline, the intervention group showed medium to large improvements across all primary and secondary mental health and well-being…

Long after the split: The association between parental divorce and mental health in adults.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the current study was to examine the association between adult mental illness and parental marital history (never married, continuously married, divorced during respondents' childhood). METHODS: The authors used combined data from the 2021-2024 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. The analytic sample included 128,264 adults (52.4% female) who had never experienced childhood sexual or physical abuse. Data analysis involved developing a series of logistic regression models to assess the association between childhood parental marital status and mental health ou…

The role of parental divorce in the later vulnerability to perinatal depression and early parenting stress.

OBJECTIVE: This study will examine the role of childhood experience of parental divorce on later perinatal depression and parenting stress. METHODS: 546 women were recruited at less than 20 weeks pregnancy into an ongoing pregnancy cohort study and followed up in pregnancy and the postpartum. Depression at recruitment was measured using the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale repeated in pregnancy and the postpartum. Parenting stress was measured at 12 months postpartum using Parenting Stress Index. RESULTS: This study found 33% of women had…

Childhood parental divorce and cortisol in young adulthood: evidence for mediation by family income.

Childhood parental divorce has been linked with negative physical and psychological health in adulthood, potentially due to alterations in adrenocortical activity resulting from chronic stress. The current study evaluated cortisol in 94 young adults (mean age 19.9) from families characterized by parental divorce (n=43) or intact parental marriages (n=51). Salivary cortisol was assessed prior to and at 3 time points after a challenging speech task. Participants from divorced families had significantly lower cortisol across the experimental period than those from intact families, even after cont…

A multiple-risk interaction model: effects of temperament and divorce on psychiatric disorders in children.

Effects of family status on the trajectory of problematic temperament-adjustment at 1 and 10 years of age and associated psychiatric disturbance 8 years later were examined in an epidemiological sample of 648 children. After adjusting for predivorce temperament-adjustment and background factors, logistic regression yielded independent effects of single custodial mother (SCM) family status for increased risk of disruptive and anxiety disorders, and of stepfamily status for increased risk of disruptive disorders. Increased risk of psychiatric disorders was more pervasive for SCM family boys vers…

Locus of control as a mediator of negative divorce-related events and adjustment problems in children.

Beliefs about whether locus of control mediates the relationship between negative divorce-related events and children's adjustment were explored in a group of 78 children and their primary residential parents. In the children's self-reports of adjustment, locus of control was found to be a partial mediator in the relationship. Analyses of the parents' reports of the children's adjustment did not support a mediational model.