Результаты поиска

Obstructive sleep apnoea treatment and fasting lipids: a comparative effectiveness study.

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is associated with cardiovascular disease. Dyslipidaemia has been implicated as a mechanism linking OSA with atherosclerosis, but no consistent associations with lipids exist for OSA or positive airway pressure treatment. We assessed the relationships between fasting lipid levels and obesity and OSA severity, and explored the impact of positive airway pressure treatment on 2-year fasting lipid level changes. Analyses included moderate-to-severe OSA patients from the Icelandic Sleep Apnoea Cohort. Fasting morning lipids were analysed in 613 untreated participants …

Long-term outcome of medically confirmed and self-reported early traumatic brain injury in two nationwide samples.

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: To assess long-term effects of early traumatic brain injury (TBI) on mental health, cognition, behaviour and adjustment and to identify prognostic factors. METHODS AND PROCEDURES: A 1-year nationwide cohort of all 0-19 year old Icelandic children and adolescents diagnosed with TBI in 1992-1993 (n = 550) received a questionnaire with clinical outcome scales and questions on TBI and socio-economic status (SES) by mail ∼16 years post-injury. A control group (n = 1232), newly selected from the National Registry, received the same questionnaire. Non-respondents answered a short…

[Screening for risk factors of sudden cardiac death in young athletes].

OBJECTIVE: Sudden cardiac death in young athletes is relatively uncommon and is usually caused by occult underlying cardiovascular disease. Studies have indicated that preparticipation screening may reduce the incidence of sudden death. Our aim was to study the feasibility of standardized preparticipation screening in young competitive Icelandic athletes. The prevalence of risk factors was studied in order to evaluate how often further examination is indicated and to assess possible costs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 105 randomly selected competitive athletes (70 men, 35 women) between t…

Phosphodiesterase 4D gene polymorphism is associated with ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke.

It has been reported that the variants of the PDE4D (phosphodiesterase 4D) gene are associated with stroke, especially with the combination of cardio-embolic and carotid stroke in the Icelandic population, but it is still very controversial as to whether PDE4D is a susceptible gene for stroke in other populations. In the present study, we tested whether the PDE4D gene variation also confers stroke risk in a Chinese population. Our hypothesis was tested in a case-control study of a Chinese population comprising 639 stroke patients (including 253 with cerebral thrombosis, 171 with lacunar infarc…

Copy number variations of chromosome 16p13.1 region associated with schizophrenia.

Deletions and reciprocal duplications of the chromosome 16p13.1 region have recently been reported in several cases of autism and mental ret … o 35 years, and the majority were males with a family history of psychiatric disorders. In a single Icelandic family, a duplication spanning intervals I and II was present in two cases of schizophrenia, and individual cases of alcoholism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and dyslexia. Candidate genes in the region include NTAN1 and NDE1. We conclu …

Natural history of functional dyspepsia: a 10-year population-based study.

BACKGROUND: Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a common disorder, but information on its natural history is limited. AIM: To study the natural history of FD as assessed by 2 criteria over a 10-year period. METHOD: A population-based study conducted by mailing a questionnaire to the same age- and gender-stratified random sample of the Icelandic population aged 18-75 in 1996 and again in 2006. FD was estimated by the Functional Dyspepsia Score List and by dyspepsia subgroups categorized into 4 groups: (1) frequent upper pain, (2) meal-related, (3) nausea or vomiting, and (4) combinations of these gr…

[In-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation at Landspitali University Hospital in Reykjavik].

INTRODUCTION: Survival after in-hospital cardiac arrest has not been previously reported in Iceland and the purpose of this study was to examine the outcomes of in-hospital resuscitation over a two year period. MATERIAL AND METHODS: There are resuscitation teams on each of the two campuses of the University Hospital in Reykjavik. Since the beginning of 2006, the resuscitation teams have compiled their reports in a structured form, Utstein style. RESULTS: During 2006 and 2007 resuscitation teams were activated on a total of 311 occasions. Of those, there was need for a full cardiopulmonary re…

Literature review of the possible advantages of silicon liner socket use in trans-tibial prostheses.

The silicon liner socket has been used in the trans-tibial prosthesis since the 1980s. Silicon liner sockets are sleeves of silicon material … nd use of silicon liners. A medline search was performed with the key words: "silicon liner socket, Icelandic Roll On Silicon Socket (ICEROSS), trans-tibial prosthesis, lower leg prosthesis and stump sockets". Six articles remained after application of the selection criteria. In two studies clinical examination was done while in the rest questionnaires we …

Epidemiology of Dupuytren's disease: clinical, serological, and social assessment. The Reykjavik Study.

Dupuytren's disease or palmar fibromatosis is a common disabling hand disorder, mainly confined to Caucasians of northwestern European origi … anual labor as occupation (P = 0.018). These results show that Dupuytren's disease is common in the Icelandic population and occupation and lifestyle seem to be related to the disease.

Control of Echinococcus granulosus in Cyprus and comparison with other island models.

A control programme directed against Echinococcus granulosus was introduced into the Republic of Cyprus in 1971. In 1974, this was restricte … ernment-controlled area. A major contribution of this and other island programmes, such as those in Iceland, New Zealand, Tasmania (Australia) and the Falkland Islands, to an understanding of control planning has been the demonstration that it cannot readily be determined when eradication has been achieved and that once the costly 'attack' phase has been …

Temporal and regional trends in fatal childhood injuries in Norway 1971-1989.

The paper focuses on how mortality due to injuries among Norwegian children has varied over time and throughout the country over the last tw … injuries. The incidence of fatal injuries in Norway is comparable to those of Denmark, Finland and Iceland, but considerably higher than in Sweden. In all Nordic countries the rates have declined to about one third from 1971 to 1988.

Do adults with high gliadin antibody concentrations have subclinical gluten intolerance?

Gliadin antibodies of the IgG and IgA isotypes and IgG subclasses were measured in 200 adults who were randomly selected from the Icelandic National Register. Those with the highest gliadin antibody concentrations were invited with negative controls to participate in a clinical evaluation. Neither the study subjects nor the physicians who recorded and evaluated the clinical findings were aware of the antibody levels. Significantly higher proportion of the gliadin antibody positive individuals reported unexplained attacks of diarrhoea (p = 0.03), and IgA gliadin antibodies were associated with …

Immunohistochemical study of cerebral amyloid angiopathy. III. Widespread Alzheimer A4 peptide in cerebral microvessel walls colocalizes with gamma trace in patients with leukoencephalopathy.

Brain tissue from 11 patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy, changes of Alzheimer's disease, and variable degrees of subcortical leukoencephalopathy was examined by immunohistochemical methods, using primary antibodies to peptide segments representing portions of the Alzheimer A4 (beta-) peptide or gamma-trace peptide (seen most commonly in Icelandic patients with cerebral hemorrhage (hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis [HCHWA-I]). Variable A4 immunostaining was seen within cortical (and rarely white matter) parenchyma in the form of senile plaques (with or without central cores…

Genetic and familial predisposition to eclampsia and pre-eclampsia in a defined population.

Familial predisposition and patterns of genetic inheritance of eclampsia and pre-eclampsia were investigated through three or four generations in 94 families from the homogenous island population of Iceland. The families descended from index women delivered in the years 1931-47 and who had either eclampsia (n = 38) or severe pre-eclampsia (n = 69). Inheritance was followed both through sons and daughters. The prevalence of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia in daughters was significantly higher (23%) than that in daughters-in-law (10%). No difference was noted in the prevalence of these diseases by w…

Notes on the pathogenesis of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.

In the original description by van Bogaert and De Busscher of subacute sclerosing leukoencephalitis (SSLE), great emphasis was placed upon t … ephalitis, subacute AIDS encephalomyelitis, tropical spinal paraparesis due to HTLV-1, and visna of Icelandic sheep, but, more importantly, are characterized by the perivascular edema, inflammation and demyelination known in acute, immune-mediated post-infectious and post-vaccinal acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). Furthermore, in SSLE and in th …

Patients' experiences of living with the risk of Alzheimer's disease - a multicentre qualitative study.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To explore the experiences of receiving and living with a diagnosis of prodromal Alzheimer's disease. BACKGROUND: Alzh … participants diagnosed with prodromal Alzheimer's disease in memory clinics in Denmark, Norway and Iceland. The data were analysed using thematic analysis. FINDINGS: Four main themes emerged: 1) what led to the assessment, 2) receiving the diagnosis of prodromal Alzheimer's disease, 3) everyday life after the diagnosis and 4) planning for the future. Th …

"Fun for some, terrible for others" Gender, risk and responsibility in young people's stories about alcohol consumption.

Aim: This paper explores how gender, risk, responsibility and shame feature in young people's (aged 18-20 years) stories about alcohol consumption with peers in Iceland. Methods: The data consist of 73 stories generated through the story completion method. The participants were presented with a story stem and invited to complete it. The stories were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. The stories were selected to provide insights into the affect underpinning gendered bodies and certain cultural scenarios. Results: Alcohol consumption was presented not only as fun, but also as a way to …

High-Resolution Mapping of the Nordic Plastic Cycle Suggests Capacity Expansion for Both Mechanical and Chemical Recycling.

Nordic countries are widely recognized for their leadership in sustainability initiatives and have implemented numerous projects to improve … their recycling potentials by 2050 in five Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden, and Iceland). The results show that the average per capita stock in Nordic countries in 2020 reached the saturation level (1100 kg per capita), which is the highest global value. Imported polymers far exceeded the domestic production. Most of the plastic waste …

:: повышенный риск инфицирования в мягких миеломах: результаты проверочного исследования iStopM.

Инфекции являются одной из основных причин заболеваемости и смертности в миеломе (ММ). Хотя повышенный риск инфицирования был продемонстрирован в моноклональной гаммопатии неопределенного значения (MMUS), данные о запятнании множественных миеломы (SMM) ограничены. Мы использовали данные из исследования iStopMM, которые проверяли 75,422 Исландцы в возрасте ≥40 - годы для прекурсоров MM. Лица, диагностированные СММ, в разбивке по возрасту и полу сопоставляются с компараторами, не имеющими СМГС (см.1::5 (соотношение) и с лицами, имеющими MGUS1::1 соотношение). Результаты заражения были получены н

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in multiple myeloma (MM). While increased infection risk has been shown in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), data are limited for smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM). We used data from the iStopMM study, which screened 75,422 Icelandic individuals aged ≥40 years for MM precursors.…

Genomic insights into the epidemiology of Contagious Equine Metritis in Germany.

In Germany, Contagious Equine Metritis (CEM) is a persistent problem in equine populations. The often subclinical nature of the disease, which is caused by the bacterium Taylorella equigenitalis, poses a problem for the breeding industry. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the genomic diversity of the pathogen in Germany, as studies on the genome level are lacking. Thus, in this study we sequenced 63 T. equigenitalis isolates from a strain collection and contemporary clinical isolates from before 2007-2024. Most of these isolates came from Icelandic horses in southern Germany. Based o…