Результаты поиска

Cognitive-affective depression and somatic symptoms clusters are differentially associated with maternal parenting and coparenting.

BACKGROUND: Both depressive and somatic symptoms are significant predictors of parenting and coparenting problems. However, despite clear evidence of their co-occurrence, no study to date has examined the association between depressive-somatic symptoms clusters and parenting and coparenting. The current research sought to identify and cross-validate clusters of cognitive-affective depressive symptoms and nonspecific somatic symptoms, as well as to test whether clusters would differ on parenting and coparenting problems across three independent samples of mothers. METHOD: Participants in Studi…

Transported Versus Homegrown Parenting Interventions for Reducing Disruptive Child Behavior: A Multilevel Meta-Regression Study.

OBJECTIVE: Children's disruptive behavior problems place children at high risk for oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder, and c … multilevel meta-regression of 129 randomized trials (374 effect sizes) of transported and homegrown parenting interventions. We identified trials by searching the included trials lists of systematic reviews, found through searches in 6 databases (e.g., MEDLINE, EMBASE). Trials that had not yet been reviewed were found by searching the same databases. Primar …

Intergenerational similarity in callous-unemotional traits: Contributions of hostile parenting and household chaos during adolescence.

Extant research has examined both genetic and environmental risk involved in the transmission of callous-unemotional traits in youth populations, yet no study has examined the intergenerational similarity of these traits between parents and their offspring. The current study examined whether the association between parent callous-unemotional traits and child callous-unemotional traits was mediated by parenting behavior and whether this association was moderated by household environment. Participants included 115 dyads of adolescents (48% female; Mean age=13.97) and their primary caregivers (87…

A randomized controlled trial of a brief versus standard group parenting program for toddler aggression.

Physical aggression (PA) in the toddler years is common and developmentally normal, however, longitudinal research shows that frequent PA is highly stable and associated with long-term negative outcomes. Significant research has demonstrated the efficacy of parenting interventions for reducing externalizing behavior in children yet their typical length may overburden families, leading to low participation rates and high attrition rates. To increase the reach of parenting interventions and impact on the prevalence of externalizing behavior problems, brief interventions are needed. This RCT comp…

Clinical correlates of parenting stress in children with Tourette syndrome and in typically developing children.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the impact of tic severity in children with Tourette syndrome on parenting stress and the impact of comorbid attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptomatology on parenting stress in both children with Tourette syndrome and typically developing children. STUDY DESIGN: Children with diagnosed Tourette syndrome (n=74) and tic-free typically developing control subjects (n=48) were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. RESULTS: Parenting stress was greater in the group with Tourette syndrome than the typically developing …

Maternal early-life trauma and affective parenting style: the mediating role of HPA-axis function.

A history of childhood trauma is associated with increased risk for psychopathology and interpersonal difficulties in adulthood and, for those who have children, impairments in parenting and increased risk of negative outcomes in offspring. Physiological and behavioral mechanisms are poorly understood. In the current study, maternal history of childhood trauma was hypothesized to predict differences in maternal affect and HPA axis functioning. Mother-infant dyads (N = 255) were assessed at 6 months postpartum. Mothers were videotaped during a 3-min naturalistic interaction, and their behavior …

Associations of contextual risk and protective factors with fathers' parenting practices in the postdeployment environment.

Deployment separation and reunifications are salient contexts that directly impact effective family functioning and parenting for military fathers. Yet, we know very little about determinants of postdeployed father involvement and effective parenting. The present study examined hypothesized risk and protective factors of observed parenting for 282 postdeployed fathers who served in the National Guard/Reserves. Preintervention data were employed from fathers participating in the After Deployment, Adaptive Parenting Tools randomized control trial. Parenting practices were obtained from direct ob…

Predicting Adolescent Dating Violence Perpetration: Role of Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence and Parenting Practices.

INTRODUCTION: Exposure to adult intimate partner violence (IPV) places youth at risk for a range of outcomes, including perpetration of adolescent dating violence (ADV). However, there is variability in the effect of IPV exposure, as many youth who are exposed to IPV do not go on to exhibit problems. Thus, research is needed to examine contextual factors, such as parenting practices, to more fully explain heterogeneity in outcomes and better predict ADV perpetration. The current research draws from a multisite study to investigate the predictive power of IPV exposure and parenting practices on…

A qualitative study of parenting stress, coping, and discipline approaches among low-income traumatized mothers.

OBJECTIVE: The use of harsh discipline is a risk factor for child maltreatment and is more common among families in which mothers have previously experienced trauma. We sought to understand the stressors experienced by low-income traumatized mothers and the perceived impact of those stressors on their discipline approaches. METHODS: We conducted 30 in-depth qualitative interviews with low-income mothers with a history of trauma. We triangulated the results with experts in behavioral health, and with a subset of the informants themselves, to ensure data reliability. RESULTS: We identified the

Health care provider perspectives on pregnancy and parenting in HIV-positive individuals in South Africa.

BACKGROUND: Within the health system, limited attention is given to supporting the fertility and parenting desires on HIV-positive people. In this study, we explore health care providers' knowledge and perspectives on safer conception and alternate parenting strategies for HIV-positive people. METHODS: Between November 2007 and January 2008, in-depth interviews were conducted with 28 health care workers involved in providing HIV and/or antiretroviral services at public sector clinics in Cape Town, South Africa. Views on sexual and reproductive health services, pregnancy, childbearing and pare…

Language Production in Children With and At Risk for Delay: Mediating Role of Parenting Skills.

The current study examined the effect of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT), a parent-training intervention for child behavior problems, on child language production. Participants were 46 children (ages 20-70 months) with externalizing behavior problems and with or at risk for developmental delay. Parent-child dyads were randomly assigned to a waitlist control or immediate treatment group. Parenting skills learned during PCIT (i.e., "do skills") and children's word tokens and word types were measured at baseline and 4 months later. Findings suggest an indirect effect of parent do skills o…

Marital Quality Spillover and Young Children's Adjustment: Evidence for Dyadic and Triadic Parenting as Mechanisms.

Research has evidenced support for the spillover model, which posits that parents' marital functioning influences child adjustment by eroding parenting and coparenting in dyadic (mother-child and father-child) and triadic (mother-father-child) contexts. However, prior work has not simultaneously investigated dyadic and triadic parenting as mechanisms of spillover. Furthermore, although evidence indicates that the marital system affects child adjustment by influencing parents' behavior, research has not explored whether child behaviors in parent-child interactions also serve as mechanisms. To a…

Transactions between child social wariness and observed structured parenting: evidence from a prospective adoption study.

This investigation examined the mutual influences between structured parenting and child social wariness during toddlerhood using a longitudinal adoption design. The sample consisted of 361 adoption-linked families, each including an adopted child, adoptive parents, and a birth mother. Heightened social wariness in children at age 18 months predicted reduced levels of observed structured parenting (i.e., less directive parenting with fewer commands and requests) in adoptive mothers at age 27 months. Adoptive fathers' lower structured parenting at age 18 months predicted subsequent elevation in…

Warm and harsh parenting as mediators of the relation between maternal and adolescent emotion regulation.

Maternal hostility/rejection and warmth were considered as potential mediators of the relation between mothers' and adolescents' emotion regulation. Participants were first-year high school students living in Ankara, Turkey and their mothers (N = 365). Scales assessing emotion regulation difficulties and maternal hostility/rejection and warmth were administered to both the adolescents and their mothers. Maternal hostility/rejection, but not warmth, mediated the relation between maternal and adolescent emotion regulation. For girls there was, additionally, a direct effect of maternal emotion re

Соприкасается ли родитель с подростками?

КОНТЕКСТ: В ходе обширных исследований изучалась взаимосвязь между воспитанием детей и подростками. Неизвестно, связано ли воспитание детей с более широкими аспектами способности подростков вступать в удовлетворительные сексуальные отношения. МЕТОДЫ: Самоотчетные данные были собраны в 2007 от 1,854 учащихся, средний возраст которых составлял 15.5 Годы, в центральной Шотландии. В ходе многовариантного анализа изучалась связь между процессами воспитания детей и сексуальными результатами (задержка первого полового акта, использование презервативов и ряд мер, отражающих контекст или предполагаемый

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
CONTEXT: Extensive research has explored the relationship between parenting and teenagers’ sexual risk‐taking. Whether parenting is associated with wider aspects of teenagers’ capacity to form satisfying sexual relationships is unknown. METHODS: Self‐reported data were collected in 2007 from 1,854 students, whose average age was 15.5 years, in central Scotla…

Relative and absolute stability in perceived parenting behaviour: a longitudinal study with children and adolescents.

Patterns of relative and absolute stability in parental behaviour with children and adolescents are reported. The sample comprised 523 youth … n terms of relative and absolute stability. Relative stability was affected by the child's sex, the parenting variable, and the time period; however, the patterns of absolute stability reveal no differences by sex.

Oxytocin decreases handgrip force in reaction to infant crying in females without harsh parenting experiences.

Infant crying can elicit sensitive caregiving as well as hostility and harsh parenting responses. In the current study (N = 42 females) with a double-blind experimental design, we tested the effect of intranasal oxytocin administration on the use of excessive force using a hand-grip dynamometer during listening to infant cry sounds. Participants' experiences with harsh parental discipline during childhood were found to moderate the effect of oxytocin administration on the use of excessive force. Participants' whose parents did not discipline them harshly used less excessive force in the oxytoc…

'Communication is everything I think.' Parenting a child who needs Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC).

BACKGROUND: Anecdotal and research evidence suggests that professionals may not fully understand the perspectives of families of children who need or use Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC). This may impact on the provision of appropriate services. AIMS: The aim was to explore the lived experience of parents of children in Britain who used AAC, with particular emphasis on the ways in which children's need for and use of AAC impacts on family life and communication. METHODS & PROCEDURES: The parents/carers of 11 children aged 3-10 years, who lived in Britain and who were in the e

Donor insemination and parenting: concerns and strategies of lesbian couples. A review of international studies.

The concerns and strategies of lesbian couples at the time of donor insemination, throughout pregnancy and during early parenthood differ in several ways from those of heterosexual couples. For the majority of the lesbian couples insemination was the first option to conceive. They reported having strategies for their children growing up in a heteronormative society, and the parents shared time with and responsibility for the children equally. Issues considered most important by the couple were an open and non-judgmental attitude from caregivers without heteronormative assumptions, knowledge ab

Physical abuse during adolescence: Gender differences in the adolescents' perceptions of family functioning and parenting.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between physical abuse of adolescents and parenting by mothers and fathers and whether the association differs by gender. METHODS: Subjects were adolescents, 51 girls and 45 boys, documented by Child Protective Services (CPS) as physically abused during adolescence. Comparison subjects were non-abused adolescents, 47 girls and 48 boys, from the same suburban communities. Subjects completed the following: Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale, Parental Bonding Instrument, modified Conflict Tactics Scale (assessing physical abuse/punishment by …