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[Evaluation of closed multi-axial screws iliosacral fixation system combined with posterior segmental spinal fixation for treatment of unstable sacral fractures].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of lumbopelvic fixation using the combination of closed multi-axial screws (CMAS) iliosacral fixati … . No screw loosening and fracture, adhesion of internal fixation to surrounding tissue, and obvious electrolysis phenomenon occurred. According to Matta criterion, reduction was rated as excellent in 32 sides, good in 6 sides, fair in 1 side, and the excellent and good rate was 97.5%. According to Majeed functional scoring at last follow-up, the mean score was …

[Anterolateral decompression and three column reconstruction through posterior approach for treatment of unstable thoracolumbar fracture].

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the effectiveness of anterolateral decompression and three column reconstruction through posterior approach for the tr … low back after operation; no loosening and breaking of screws and rods occurred; no titanium alloys electrolysis and titanium cage subsidence or breakage was observed. The imaging examination showed that complete decompression of the spinal canal, satisfactory restoration of the vertebral height, and good physiological curvature of spine at 2 years after opera …

Organic Electrochemical Transformations of Resource Small Molecules.

ConspectusResource economical syntheses aim to maximize chemical value from simple, abundant, and inexpensive inputs while minimizing waste, … ting materials, enabling access to phenylacetic acid and α-amino acid derivatives via linear paired electrolysis. In parallel, water has served as a hydroxyl source for the efficient synthesis of vicinal diols and benzyl alcohol derivatives, while deuterium oxide has enabled the preparation of a diverse array of deuterated compounds. Furthermore, ammonia has b …

Hirsutism: an evidence-based treatment update.

BACKGROUND: Hirsutism has a relatively high prevalence among women. Depending upon societal and ethnic norms, it can cause significant psych … ties and oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) remain first-line treatments. Evidence supports the use of electrolysis for permanent hair removal in localized areas and lasers (particularly alexandrite and diode lasers) for permanent hair reduction. Topical eflornithine can be used as monotherapy for mild hirsutism and as an adjunct therapy with lasers or pharmacoth …

A review on gold nanoparticles as an innovative therapeutic cue in bone tissue engineering: Prospects and future clinical applications.

Bone damage is a complex orthopedic problem primarily caused by trauma, cancer, or bacterial infection of bone tissue. Clinical care management for bone damage remains a significant clinical challenge and there is a growing need for more advanced bone therapy options. Nanotechnology has been widely explored in the field of orthopedic therapy for the treatment of a severe bone disease. Among nanomaterials, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) along with other biomaterials are emerging as a new paradigm for treatment with excellent potential for bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine application

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… Electrosynthesis of GNPs GNPs can also be produced by electrolysis. GNPs are produced using an electrochemical reaction called sacrificial anode electrolysis. … The electrolysis cell is kept under a nitrogen atmosphere, and the electrolysis charge is maintained at 300 °C [ 63 ]. Compared with typical GNPs, the GNPs produced by sacrificial anode electrolysis have a lower production cost and can achieve a higher physicochemical stability. …

Endovascular treatment of mural-type vein of Galen malformations.

OBJECT: In this study the authors report on the results of endovascular treatment for mural-type vein of Galen malformations (VGMs) in a group of infants. METHODS: Eight children (six infants and two neonates) who suffered from symptoms caused by a mural-type VGM were treated by means of endovascular therapy. Their age at the time of treatment ranged from 13 days to 19 months (mean 7.6 months). Two neonates and three infants who presented with hydrocephalus and increased head circumference, one of whom was stabilized with a shunt, underwent elective closure of the malformations 3, 4, 6, 6, an

Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier Concepts and Catalysts for Hydrogenation and Dehydrogenation Reactions.

BACKGROUND: The issue of renewable energy (RE) source intermittency, such as wind and solar, along with the geographically uneven distributi … demand in the hydrogen production sector, particularly for polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) water electrolysis. With that in mind, our objective was to examine the evolution and the focus of the research in recent years related to proposals of LOHCs and catalysts for hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions in LOHC systems which can be useful in defining …

[Determination of four trihalomethanes in ship ballast water by gas chromatography-negative chemical ionization-mass spectrometry].

Ship ballast water can control the roll, trim, and draft of the ship, and thus ensuring the balance and stability of the ship in the course … s impact on the ecological environment of the discharge waters. Ballast water is usually treated by electrolysis before being discharged. Sodium hypochlorite can be generated, which can kill microorganisms; however, the by-products trihalomethanes (THMs) are cytotoxic and biotoxic. Studies have shown that THMs may cause fetal growth retardation, spontaneous ab …

Dependence of corneal stem/progenitor cells on ocular surface innervation.

PURPOSE: Neurotrophic keratopathy (NK) is a corneal degeneration associated with corneal nerve dysfunction. It can cause corneal epithelial defects, stromal thinning, and perforation. However, it is not clear if and to which extent epithelial stem cells are affected in NK. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between corneolimbal epithelial progenitor/stem cells and sensory nerves using a denervated mouse model of NK. METHODS: NK was induced in mice by electrocoagulation of the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve. The absence of corneal nerves was confirmed with β-

Reviewing efficacy of alternative water treatment techniques.

This section is designed to provide a brief summary of some of the findings. A good deal of work has been conducted by Mr N. L. Pavey and th … systems has been reported by Pavey, 1996. Copper and silver ions were introduced into the water by electrolysis. One of the principal mechanisms of biocidal action of these ions is thought to be cell penetration. The positively charged copper ions form electrostatic bonds with negatively charged sites on the cell wall. The cell membrane is thus distorted, all …

A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial and Multi-Omics Analysis of Electrolysed Alkaline Water: Impacts on Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Signatures in Hyperuricemia.

Background/Objectives: Hyperuricemia (HUA) is the second most common metabolic disease in China (24.5% in males, 3.6% in females), which can induce multiple complications such as gout and diabetes. Existing urate-lowering drugs have significant hepatorenal toxicity, necessitating safe lifestyle interventions. Electrolyzed alkaline water (EAW) as daily drinking water has shown preliminary effectiveness, but it lacks randomized controlled evidence and mechanistic studies at the microbiome-metabolome interface. Methods: We conducted a 12-week randomized controlled trial in 40 adults aged 18-65 ye

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… Electrolyzed alkaline water (EAW)—produced via electrolysis to possess an alkaline pH and a negative oxidation-reduction potential (ORP)—has been proposed as a functional beverage. … Briefly, the raw water is first subjected to pretreatment, followed by membrane filtration and electrolysis, during which EAW with specific physicochemical properties is generated. …

Drug-Induced Periocular and Ocular Surface Disorders: An EAACI Position Paper.

Various systemic and topical medications can induce ocular and periocular cutaneous adverse effects (AEs), ranging from mild to severe. These AEs may lead to ocular surface (OS) damage and, in some cases, life-threatening complications. Drug-induced ocular adverse reactions are generally classified into two primary categories: toxic reactions and/or allergic hypersensitivity reactions, which can be IgE or non-IgE-mediated. Systemic antibiotics, antivirals, and anticonvulsants can trigger adverse reactions that may involve the OS. Drugs like antihistamines, beta-blockers, antipsychotics, antide

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… Severe cases may necessitate bandage contact lenses, electrolysis, laser treatment, cryotherapy, or surgical excision of the abnormal eyelashes. …

Evolution of Cancer Pharmacological Treatments at the Turn of the Third Millennium.

The medical history of cancer began millennia ago. Historical findings of patients with cancer date back to ancient Egyptian and Greek civilizations, where this disease was predominantly treated with radical surgery and cautery that were often ineffective, leading to the death of patients. Over the centuries, important discoveries allowed to identify the biological and pathological features of tumors, without however contributing to the development of effective therapeutic approaches until the end of the 1800s, when the discovery of X-rays and their use for the treatment of tumors provided the

Cuproptosis Inducers in Cancer Therapy: State of the Art and Challenges.

Cancer continues to be the primary cause of death despite significant progress in medicine, and finding effective therapies remains a challenge. New treatments are needed to minimize the harmful effects on the body and increase the selectivity of drugs. These therapies must also overcome cancer cell resistance and prevent metastasis. Metal-based drugs are becoming increasingly crucial for treating tumors, and copper ion-based systems and nanoparticles have been identified as having unique properties and anticancer potential. Given the key role exerted by Cu in the etiology, severity, and progr

Гибридные композитные соединения с оксидами металлов: всеобъемлющий обзор синтеза и многофункциональных видов применения.

В ряде передовых технологий может использоваться разнообразное семейство композитных полимерных (CP) составов с особыми физико-химическими свойствами (MO x). В настоящем исследовании представлен всеобъемлющий обзор комплексных подходов к этим гибридным композитным материалам с уделением особого внимания синергической интеграции оксидов металлов с ХП в целях укрепления их структурной основы, а также их электрических и каталитических свойств. Изучается многофункциональное применение этих материалов, в частности в таких областях, как биомедицинское зондирование, энергосберегающие модули и техноло

Emergent Nanotechnological Strategies for Systemic Chemotherapy against Melanoma.

Melanoma is an aggressive form of skin cancer, being one of the deadliest cancers in the world. The current treatment options involve surgery, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy and the use of chemotherapeutic agents. Although the last approach is the most used, the high toxicity and the lack of efficacy in advanced stages of the disease have demanded the search for novel bioactive molecules and/or efficient drug delivery systems. The current review aims to discuss the most recent advances on the elucidation of potential targets for melanoma treatment, such as aquaporin-3 and tyrosi

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… Inhibition of cell division in Escherichia coli by electrolysis products from a platinum electrode. Nature. 1965;205:698–699. doi: 10.1038/205698a0. 89. Bosch F., Rosich L. The contributions of Paul Ehrlich to pharmacology: A tribute on the occasion of the centenary of his Nobel Prize. …

FDA-Approved Drugs for Hematological Malignancies-The Last Decade Review.

Hematological malignancies, also referred to as blood cancers, are a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth and persisting in the blood, lymph nodes, or bone marrow. The development of new targeted therapies including small molecule inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, bispecific T cell engagers, antibody-drug conjugates, recombinant immunotoxins, and, finally, Chimeric Antigen Receptor T (CAR-T) cells has improved the clinical outcomes for blood cancers. In this review, we summarized 52 drugs that were divided into small molecule and macromolecule agents, approved by the Food and Drug

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… Inhibition of cell division in Escherichia coli by electrolysis products from a platinum electrode Nature 1965 205 698 699 10.1038/205698a0 14287410 22. Ghosh S. Cisplatin: The first metal based anticancer drug Bioorg. Chem. 2019 88 102925 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.102925 31003078 23. …

Antibody drug conjugate: the "biological missile" for targeted cancer therapy.

Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) is typically composed of a monoclonal antibody (mAbs) covalently attached to a cytotoxic drug via a chemical linker. It combines both the advantages of highly specific targeting ability and highly potent killing effect to achieve accurate and efficient elimination of cancer cells, which has become one of the hotspots for the research and development of anticancer drugs. Since the first ADC, Mylotarg® (gemtuzumab ozogamicin), was approved in 2000 by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), there have been 14 ADCs received market approval so far worldwide. Moreove

What is the Reason That the Pharmacological Future of Chemotherapeutics in the Treatment of Lung Cancer Could Be Most Closely Related to Nanostructures? Platinum Drugs in Therapy of Non-Small and Small Cell Lung Cancer and Their Unexpected, Possible Interactions. The Review.

Over the course of several decades, anticancer treatment with chemotherapy drugs for lung cancer has not changed significantly. Unfortunately, this treatment prolongs the patient's life only by a few months, causing many side effects in the human body. It has also been proven that drugs such as Cisplatin, Carboplatin, Oxaliplatin and others can react with other substances containing an aromatic ring in which the nitrogen atom has a free electron group in its structure. Thus, such structures may have a competitive effect on the nucleobases of DNA. Therefore, scientists are looking not only for

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… Inhibition of cell division in Escherichia coli by electrolysis products from a platinum electrode . Nature . 1965 ; 205 ( 4972 ): 698 – 699 . doi: 10.1038/205698a0 14287410 24. Ehrhart NP , Ryan SD , Fan TM . Tumors of the Skeletal System . …

Biosensors, Artificial Intelligence Biosensors, False Results and Novel Future Perspectives.

Medical biosensors have set the basis of medical diagnostics, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) has boosted diagnostics to a great extent. However, false results are evident in every method, so it is crucial to identify the reasons behind a possible false result in order to control its occurrence. This is the first critical state-of-the-art review article to discuss all the commonly used biosensor types and the reasons that can give rise to potential false results. Furthermore, AI is discussed in parallel with biosensors and their misdiagnoses, and again some reasons for possible false results

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… The reference electrode remains distant from the reaction site to maintain a stable potential, while the auxiliary electrode handles the charge during electrolysis [ 35 , 106 ]. …