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Once daily ceftriaxone for central nervous system infections and other serious pediatric infections.

Ceftriaxone has a very long serum half-life and enhanced in vitro activity against common pediatric pathogens. Therefore we evaluated the efficacy and safety of once daily ceftriaxone therapy in 57 children with serious infections including: meningitis (26 patients); ventriculitis (3); pyelonephritis (7); osteomyelitis (6); abscess (4); septic arthritis (3); sepsis (2); and miscellaneous infections (6). The most common isolates were Haemophilus influenzae (23), Escherichia coli (9) and Staphylococcus aureus (8). Ceftriaxone was given intravenously or intramuscularly in a dose of 50 mg/kg for n…

Pathogenic bacterial infections in Drosophila melanogaster parents shape offspring susceptibility and resistance to infections.

Transgenerational effects can determine offspring fitness when parents and offspring experience similar stressful conditions. A variety of biotic and abiotic stressors can induce such transgenerational effects, including pathogenic infections. We investigated whether infecting Drosophila melanogaster fruit flies with live, pathogenic bacteria improves offspring survival and disease resistance. We have demonstrated that infecting fly parents with two separate and distinct bacterial pathogens enhances the offspring's capacity to survive a homologous infection challenge (where parents and offspri…

Screening for co-infections in patients with substance use disorders and severe bacterial infections.

BACKGROUND: Patients with substance use disorders admitted for severe bacterial infection are in a prime position to be screened for important co-infections. However, data suggest that standard screening for co-infections in this population during hospital admission can vary in frequency and type of testing. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of patients to evaluate screening for co-infections during admission, followed by a case-control analysis to determine factors associated with lack of any screening. RESULTS: We identified 280 patients with 320 eligible admissions. Most were m…

дермоскопия кожных инфекций и инфекций (энтомодермоскопия) - Часть II: вирусные, грибковые и другие инфекции.

В дополнение к инфекциям и бактериальным инфекциям, о которых сообщается в части I, исследование энтомодермоскопии также включает описание дермоскопических результатов растущего числа вирусных и грибковых инфекций, в том числе. В этой статье будут описаны основные клинические ситуации в вирусных инфекциях, где дермоскопия может быть полезной, т.е. в оценке вирусных борозд, моллюскум хватки, и даже в таких недавних сценариях, как пандемия COVID-19. Что касается грибковых инфекций, то дермоскопия имеет особенно важное значение не только для оценки поверхности кожи, но и для таких кожных приложен

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
In addition to the infestations and bacterial infections reported in part I, the study of entomodermoscopy also involves descriptions of dermoscopic findings of a growing number of viral and fungal infections, among others. In this article, the main clinical situations in viral infections where dermoscopy can be useful will be described, that is in the evalu…

Central nervous system infections in a tropical area: influence of emerging and rare infections.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The frequency of infectious encephalitis and the distribution of causative pathogens in tropical areas are poorly known and may be influenced by emerging and rare infections. The aim was to characterize a large series of acute infectious encephalitis and myelitis in immunocompetent patients from the Caribbean island of Guadeloupe identifying clinical, biological and radiological features according to pathogens. METHODS: Using a hospital database, detailed information on a comprehensive series of immunocompetent patients with acute infectious myelitis and encephalitis o…

Parasitic infections and immune function: effect of helminth infections in a malaria endemic area.

According to the hygiene hypothesis, reduced exposure to infections could explain the rise of atopic diseases in high-income countries. Helminths are hypothesised to alter the host's immune response in order to avoid elimination and, as a consequence, also reduce the host responsiveness to potential allergens. To elucidate the effect of current helminth infections on immune responsiveness in humans, we measured cytokine production in a rural Ghanaian population in an area with multiple endemic parasites including malaria, intestinal helminths and protozoa. Multiplex real-time PCR in stool samp…

Alzheimer's disease and peripheral infections: the possible contribution from periodontal infections, model and hypothesis.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects approximately 4.5 million people in the U.S. and this number will increase as the population ages and the life-span increases. Therefore, of paramount importance is identifying mechanisms and factors that affect the risk of developing AD. The etiology and pathogenic mechanisms for AD have not been defined, although inflammation within the brain is thought to play a role. Consistent with this hypothesis, studies suggest that peripheral infections contribute to the inflammatory state of the central nervous system. Periodontitis is a prevalent, persistent peripher…

[Infections associated with the use of indwelling urinary catheters. Infections related to intrauterine devices].

Hospital-acquired urinary tract infections (UTI) are mainly associated with indwelling urinary catheter use. In this chapter, the pathogenesis of hospital-acquired UTI in catheterized patients, the mechanisms by which microorganisms reach the urinary tract and are able to adhere and form biofilms, and the influence of other risk factors, such as time since catheter insertion and catheter composition, are reviewed. A wide variety of infecting microorganisms can affect patients with urinary catheters, making the choice of an adequate empirical antimicrobial course complex, particularly in cases …

Behavioral consequences of infections of the central nervous system: with emphasis on viral infections.

Infections of the central nervous system can damage the brain and cause abnormal behavior. In this article, the authors examine how behavior is affected by damage to different parts of the brain. They then focus on damage caused by specific infections of the brain and how these can result in abnormal behavior with legal consequences. Examples of such infections include neurosyphilis, encephalitis lethargica, herpes simplex encephalitis, and various other viral encephalitides, both acute and chronic. The AIDS dementia complex, which results from HIV infection of the brain, causes behavioral abn…

[Prevalence of nosocomial infections in Catalonia. I. Infections and risk factors. EPINCAT study group].

Following an extensive protocol, an investigation on the prevalence of nosocomial infections was carried out in May 1988 in 33 hospitals from Catalonia. A total number of 7434 patients were included. Communitary infections were also tabulated. The prevalence for nosocomial infections was 12.1% and the incidence of communitary infections was about 17.1%. The nosocomial more frequent infections involved the urinary tract (29.2%), the surgical procedures (25.6%), the low respiratory airways (17.3%), and the blood (4.9%). The prevalence of surgical infections ranged between 5.6% and 8.9%. Logistic…

Skin infections and the epidemiology of diphtheria: acquisition and persistence of C diphtheriae infections.

Acquisition and persistence of C. diphtheriae infections of skin lesions and of the respiratory tract were observed in households exposed to C. diphtheriae carriers in a community experiencing a diphtheria outbreak and in households in two communities free of the disease. Acquisition of C. diphtheriae was more frequent in epidemic households, apparently due to a greater frequency of respiratory tract acquisition. Skin lesion acquisition was constant in both situations. The pattern of persistence appeared to be the same in both types of households, although skin lesion C. diphtheriae infections…

Врожденные аномалии и вирусные инфекции у младенцев. Этиологическая роль вирусных инфекций матерей.

Известно, что некоторые вирусы, такие, как краснуха и цитомегаловир, пересекают плацентальный барьер и заражают плод. В других случаях материнских вирусных инфекций, таких, как герпес simpex, данные о трансплантальном проходе являются менее убедительными, а повреждения плода или неонатальные заболевания могут быть случайными или быть связаны с перинатальной инфекцией. Некоторые случаи заболевания плода или неонатального заболевания в результате вирусных инфекций матери могут быть связаны с заболеванием у матери, которое влияет на ее метаболические процессы или плаценту таким образом, чтобы пом

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Some viruses, such as rubella and human cytomegalovirus, are known to cross the placental barrier and infect the fetus. In other cases of maternal viral infections, such as herpes simplex, evidence for transplacental passage is less convincing and fetal damage or neonatal disease may be coincidental or associated with perinatal infection. Certain cases of fe…