Результаты поиска

Myelin Displacement and Revention in the Central Nervous System: Молекулярные механизмы, болезни и перспективные терапевтические цели.

Майлин пластичность имеет основополагающее значение для формирования нейронных сетей и оптимизации нейронных функций, формирования схем, регулирующих эмоции, сознание, сенсацию и управление двигателем. Подкомбинированный олигодендроцитами, миелин подвергается пожизненной реконструкции, которая требует высокой метаболической активности; это делает миелин-олигодендроцитную единицу весьма восприимчивой к метаболическому стрессу, старению и патологическим оскорблениям. Хотя обезвоживание является основной характеристикой различных хронических неврологических расстройств, в настоящем обзоре особо п

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Myelin plasticity is fundamental to the formation of neural networks and the optimization of neural functions, shaping circuits governing em … nterventions to noninvasive stimulation, aimed at restoring oligodendroglial function and promoting remyelination. Finally, we offer a forward-looking perspective on myelin regeneration research, emphasizing its critical potential as a novel therapeutic target for AD and other neurodegenerative conditions.

Nanoenzyme-Anchored Mitofactories Boost Mitochondrial Transplantation to Restore Locomotor Function after Paralysis Following Spinal Cord Injury.

Mitochondrial transplantation is a significant therapeutic approach for addressing mitochondrial dysfunction in patients with spinal cord in … igrated to the injured spinal cords of SCI mice and subsequently promoted neuronal regeneration and remyelination. Consequently, HQ-Mitofactory-treated mice successfully recovered locomotor function within 4 weeks, with 40% of the mice fully restoring walking after hindlimb paralysis. Conversely, untreated SCI exhibited completely abolished hindlimb movements. …

Seipin Deficiency Impairs Motor Coordination in Mice by Compromising Spinal Cord Myelination.

The integrity of the myelin sheath of the spinal cord (SC) is essential for motor coordination. Seipin is an endoplasmic reticulum transmemb … lination impaired motor coordination as well as MBP and Seipin expression, which were alleviated by remyelination. Moreover, Seipin deficiency impaired motor coordination of mice, accompanied by hypomyelination in spinal cord. Mechanistically, we further demonstrated that myelin content as labeled by Fluormyelin, myelin basic protein (MBP) was down-regulated by …

Label-free nonlinear microscopy probes cellular metabolism and myelin dynamics in live tissue.

Metabolic coupling between neurons and glial cells plays a critical role in brain activity and myelin plasticity. Understanding its role in … metabolic and myelin assessment in intact tissue during experimental myelination, demyelination and remyelination. Using this framework, we map the 3D myelin distribution in cerebellar folia and identify distinct metabolic signatures in neurons, oligodendrocytes, and microglia. Furthermore, we measure a metabolic shift in microglia along with myelin distributio …

Oligodendrogenic neural progenitors for treatment of chronic compressive cervical spinal cord injury.

Chronic compressive cervical spinal cord injury (cCSCI), a debilitating condition, lacks effective treatment options. Addressing this gap, o … tial recovery of motor circuits. Histological findings complemented these results, showing enhanced remyelination and a reduction in excitatory transmitter expression in the residual gray matter. Functionally, the transplantation of oNPCs led to marked improvements in grip strength, locomotor abilities, and sensory functions, surpassing those seen with standard …

Astrocytic monoamine oxidase B (MAOB)-gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) axis as a molecular brake on repair following spinal cord injury.

Neuroregeneration and remyelination rarely occur in the adult mammalian brain and spinal cord following central nervous system (CNS) injury. The glial scar has been proposed as a major contributor to this failure in the regenerative process. However, its underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we report that monoamine oxidase B (MAOB)-dependent excessive γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) release from reactive astrocytes suppresses the CNS repair system by reducing brain‒derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) expression in severe spinal c…

Traumatic Brain Injury Promotes Neurogenesis and Oligodendrogenesis in Subcortical Brain Regions of Mice.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the major causes of severe neurological disorders and long-term dysfunction in the nervous system. Be … tum and optic tract, may possess a potential for self-repair through neuronal regeneration and axon remyelination.

Hirudin promotes peripheral nerve repair and alleviates pain by regulating the EGFR-PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.

PURPOSE: Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) often results in severe neuropathic pain and impaired nerve regeneration. Hirudin, derived from the t … improved the structural integrity of regenerating nerves, enhanced orderly axonal regeneration and remyelination. It also alleviated neuropathic pain, as evidenced by reduced autotomy scores and decreased expression of pain-related markers (Iba-1, C-Fos, and substance P). Mechanistic studies revealed that Hirudin downregulated the activation of the EGFR-depend …

Первичный прогрессивный множественный склероз: новые терапевтические подходы.

ЦЕЛЬ И ЗАДАЧА: Первичный прогрессивный множественный склероз (ППМС) представляет собой клинически иную форму MS, которая вызывает постепенное и необратимое неврологическое расстройство вследствие возникновения симптомов без рецидивов или ремиссий. С учетом того, что средний возраст наступает в 37-43 года, СУПЗ затрагивает 10-15% пациентов, страдающих НР, и вызывает особые проблемы с диагностикой и лечением. Проблемы с мобильностью, постоянная боль, сенсорные расстройства, когнитивные недостатки, а также проблемы с кишечником и мочевым пузырем с течением времени обостряются. Нейроимация показыв

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) is a clinically different form of MS that causes gradual and irreversi … n encouraging outcomes. Preclinical gene therapy studies on immune regulation, neuroprotection, and remyelination in MS animals show promise. Hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic stem cell therapies have also been studied for their capacity to reduce neuroinflammation, repair tissue, and boost neurotrophic support. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical research utilizing human …

Interleukin-4-Усиленная дифференциация олигодендроцитов зависит от внеклеточного Zinc Uptake через ZIP11.

Дифференциация олигодендроцитов и милелинации усиливается с помощью интерлейкина-4, противовоспалительного цитокина, закрытого от иммунных клеток или поврежденных нейронов, и пероксисомного пролижиратора, активирующего рецептор, служит центральным движущим фактором. В то время как в последнее время, согласно сообщениям, внутриклеточные концентрации цинка динамично меняются в процессе развития олигодендроцитов, роль цинка в интерлейкин-4-усиленной дифференциации олигодендроцитов не изучалась. Используя первичные олигодендроглиевые клетки и олигодендроглиальную клеточную линию CG4, мы показываем

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Differentiation of oligodendrocytes and myelination are enhanced by interleukin-4, an anti-inflammatory cytokine secreted from immune cells … dulation of zinc concentrations may be beneficial for promoting oligodendrocyte differentiation and remyelination under demyelinating conditions such as multiple sclerosis.

Ongoing phase 2 agents for multiple sclerosis: could we break the phase 3 trial deadlock?

INTRODUCTION: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system. While disease-modifying therapies have significantly improved the management of relapsing MS, progressive MS remains a major clinical challenge. AREAS COVERED: This review provides a general overview of recent and ongoing phase 2 clinical trials investigating treatments for MS, summarizing emerging results when available. The trials are categorized based on the desired therapeutic effect: immunomodulatory treatments, neuroprotection, and remyelination. A comprehensive l…

Роль ингибиционного фактора лейкемии в аутоиммунных расстройствах: понимание процесса восстановления и лечения.

ЦЕЛЬ: ингибиционный коэффициент лейкемии (ЛИФ) представляет собой многофункциональный цитокин, принимающий участие в многочисленных физиологических процессах, включая воспаление и регулирование иммунной реакции. Недавние исследования показали его потенциальную роль в патогенезе и лечении аутоиммунных заболеваний, таких, как ревматуидный артрит (RA) и множественный склероз (MS). Целью этого обзора является изучение роли ЛИФ в различных аутоиммунных расстройствах и их воздействия на восстановление и лечение этих заболеваний. МЕТОДЫ: Был проведен всеобъемлющий поиск литературы с использованием ба

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
OBJECTIVE: Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is a multifunctional cytokine involved in numerous physiological processes, including inflammati … ssion of joint damage by increasing the inflammatory response. In MS, LIF has been shown to promote remyelination and neuroprotection, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent. However, the precise mechanisms by which LIF modulates immune responses in these conditions remain incompletely understood. CONCLUSIONS: LIF represents a promising target for tre …

TMEM106B Puncta Is Increased in Multiple Sclerosis Plaques, and Reduced Protein in Mice Results in Delayed Lipid Clearance Following CNS Injury.

During inflammatory, demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), inflammation and axonal damage are prevalent early in the cours … callosa from cuprizone-challenged hypomorphic mice fail to clear lipid droplets efficiently during remyelination, suggesting that when TMEM106B is compromised, protein and lipid clearance by the lysosome is delayed. As TMEM106B contains putative lipid- and LC3-binding sites, further exploration of these sites is warranted.

Neural stem cell transplantation in patients with progressive multiple sclerosis: an open-label, phase 1 study.

Innovative pro-regenerative treatment strategies for progressive multiple sclerosis (PMS), combining neuroprotection and immunomodulation, represent an unmet need. Neural precursor cells (NPCs) transplanted in animal models of multiple sclerosis have shown preclinical efficacy by promoting neuroprotection and remyelination by releasing molecules sustaining trophic support and neural plasticity. Here we present the results of STEMS, a prospective, therapeutic exploratory, non-randomized, open-label, single-dose-finding phase 1 clinical trial ( NCT03269071 , EudraCT 2016-002020-86), performed at…

Building-Block Size Mediates Microporous Annealed Particle Hydrogel Tube Microenvironment Following Spinal Cord Injury.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a life-altering event, which often results in loss of sensory and motor function below the level of trauma. Biom … bes composed of 60-micron beads results in enhanced locomotor function, robust axonal ingrowth, and remyelination through both lumens and the inter-tube space. Collectively, these studies demonstrate the importance of bead size in MAP construction and highlight PEG tubes as a biomaterial therapy to promote regeneration and functional recovery in SCI.

A Bioinspired Self-Healing Conductive Hydrogel Promoting Peripheral Nerve Regeneration.

The development of self-healing conductive hydrogels is critical in electroactive nerve tissue engineering. Typical conductive materials suc … stigate its capacity for nerve regeneration in vivo and is found to promote functional recovery and remyelination. This study may help in understanding the mechanism of cell-matrix interactions and provide new insights into the potential use of HASPy hydrogel as an advanced scaffold for neural regeneration.

Heatstroke-induced late-onset neurological deficits in mice caused by white matter demyelination, Purkinje cell degeneration, and synaptic impairment in the cerebellum.

Global warming increases heatstroke incidence. After heatstroke, patients exhibit neurological symptoms, suggesting cerebellar damage. Howev … ed, probably by synaptic reconstruction, residual Purkinje cells, and other cerebellar white matter remyelination. These phenomena were associated with late-onset neurological deficits and recovery after heatstroke.

Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation study the mechanism of progesterone in the treatment of spinal cord injury.

PURPOSE: Spinal cord injury can lead to incomplete or complete loss of voluntary movement and sensory function, leading to serious complicat … ONCLUSION: Progesterone promotes recovery from spinal cord injury by promoting axonal regeneration, remyelination, neuronal survival and reducing inflammation.

Thrombin generation and activity in multiple sclerosis.

The coagulation cascade and immune system are intricately linked, highly regulated and respond cooperatively in response to injury and infec … eased thrombin generation and activity may play a role in the pathogenesis of MS as well as inhibit remyelination processes. Thrombin is a serine protease capable of cleaving multiple substrates, including protease activated receptors (PARs), fibrinogen, and protein C. Cleavage of all three of these substrates represent pathways through which thrombin activity …

Construction of a niche-specific spinal white matter-like tissue to promote directional axon regeneration and myelination for rat spinal cord injury repair.

Directional axon regeneration and remyelination are crucial for repair of spinal cord injury (SCI), but existing treatments do not effectively promote those processes. Here, we propose a strategy for construction of niche-specific spinal white matter-like tissue (WMLT) using decellularized optic nerve (DON) loaded with neurotrophin-3 (NT-3)-overexpressing oligodendrocyte precursor cells. A rat model with a white matter defect in the dorsal spinal cord of the T10 segment was used. The WMLT transplantation group showed significant improvement in coordinated motor functions compared with the cont…