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[Neurological Disorders and Pregnancy].

Neurological disorders caused by pregnancy and puerperium include the posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, the amniotic fluid embol … g pregnancy and puerperium with an increased frequency. These include stroke, sinus thrombosis, the restless legs syndrome and peripheral nerve syndromes, especially the carpal tunnel syndrome. Chronic neurologic diseases need an interdisciplinary approach during pregnancy. Some anticonvulsants double the risk of birth defects. The highest risk exists for valproic acid, …

Nocturnal leg cramps.

Up to 60 percent of adults report that they have had nocturnal leg cramps. The recurrent, painful tightening usually occurs in the calf musc … ination are usually sufficient to differentiate nocturnal leg cramps from other conditions, such as restless legs syndrome, claudication, myositis, and peripheral neuropathy. Laboratory evaluation and specialized testing usually are unnecessary to confirm the diagnosis. Limited evidence supports treating nocturnal leg cramps with exercise and stretching, or with medicat …

Leg stereotypy syndrome: phenomenology and prevalence.

OBJECTIVES: To describe the phenomenology and prevalence of leg stereotypy syndrome (LSS), characterised chiefly by repetitive, rhythmical, … patients; and (2) movement disorders (MD) group, composed of consecutive patients with diagnoses of restless legs syndrome, Parkinson's disease, Tourette syndrome and tardive dyskinesia. RESULTS: There were 92 participants enrolled in this study; 7% of 57 individuals in the GP group and 17% of those in the MD group met the diagnostic criteria for LSS. The mean age of i …

Streamlined spectrofluorimetric assay for Pramipexole using acid red 87 quenching strategy for tablet and uniformity evaluation.

Pramipexole (PPX) is prescribed for alleviating parkinson's disease symptoms like tremors and mobility issues, as well as addressing the discomfort in the legs and sudden leg movement impulses associated with restless legs syndrome. This study presents a practical, direct, non-extractive, and cost-effective analytical strategy for the quantitative determination of PPX. The method leverages fluorimetric detection, specifically monitoring the quenching effect on the emission intensity of Acid red 87, a fluorone dye. Complexation between PPX and Acid Red 87 occurs rapidly within a single reaction…

[Clinical phenomenology and pathophysiology of daytime and nighttime imperative movements].

Imperative movements have an intermediate position between voluntary and involuntary movements and are also referred to as semi-voluntary, o … arbitrariness. All motor syndromes based on an imperative need to make movements (akathisia, tics, restless legs syndrome, some levodopa-induced dyskinesias, tardive dyskinesia, compulsive disorders, stereotypes), despite their differences, can be conditionally combined by the term «akathisia spectrum disorders». In some cases, violent imperative movements are paradoxi …

Nocturnal myoclonus syndrome (periodic movements in sleep) related to central dopamine D2-receptor alteration.

The nocturnal myoclonus syndrome (NMS) consists of stereotyped, repetitive jerks of the lower limbs that occur during sleep or wakefulness. NMS is often related with restless-legs syndrome (RLS) and can cause severe sleep disturbances and daytime sleepiness. The efficacy of dopamine agonists in the treatment points to a dopaminergic dysfunction in NMS. We investigated the central dopamine D2-receptor occupancy with [123I] labeled (S)-2-hydroxy-3-iodo-6-methoxy-([1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl]methyl) benzamide (IBZM) (a highly selective CNS D2 dopamine receptor ligand) ([123I]IBZM) and single photon e

Sensory aspects of movement disorders.

Movement disorders, which include disorders such as Parkinson's disease, dystonia, Tourette's syndrome, restless legs syndrome, and akathisia, have traditionally been considered to be disorders of impaired motor control resulting predominantly from dysfunction of the basal ganglia. This notion has been revised largely because of increasing recognition of associated behavioural, psychiatric, autonomic, and other non-motor symptoms. The sensory aspects of movement disorders include intrinsic sensory abnormalities and the effects of external sensory input on the underlying motor abnormality. The …

Diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders: a brief review for clinicians.

Sleep disorders encompass a wide spectrum of diseases with significant individual health consequences and high economic costs to society. To facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders, this review provides a framework using the International Classification of Sleep Disorders, Primary and secondary insomnia are differentiated, and pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatments are discussed. Common circadian rhythm disorders are described in conjunction with interventions, including chronotherapy and light therapy. The diagnosis and treatment of restless legs syndrome/periodic…

[Limping and muscle hypertonia concentrated in the calves. Relation to spasmophilia. Clinical and electromyographic study and treatment plan].

The authors report several cases of patients who presented with pain in one or both calves and a limping gait. Clinical examination and the EMG confirmed that these disorders were of musculo-tendinous origin, maximal at the level of the gemellus tendon, frequently forming a tendinitis. The syndrome consists of a hypertonia of the calves which is maximal on waking and which improves on stretching the muscles. Most of the subjects examined suffered from a syndrome of restless legs and presented alterations of the autonomic nervous system and spasmophilia (simultaneous EMG recording of the left a

Sleep Disorders' Prevalence and Impact on Academic Performance among Undergraduate Nursing Students in a Selected University, United Arab Emirates.

INTRODUCTION: Throughout their academic pursuits, students may encounter various sleep-related issues, including insomnia, sleep apnea, hypersomnia, or sleep terror disorder. These disorders can profoundly impact their well-being, emotional state, and academic achievements. OBJECTIVE: This study, of significant relevance to the field of nursing and sleep disorders, aimed to investigate the prevalence of sleep disorders and their impact on academic performance among undergraduate nursing students in the United Arab Emirates. METHODS: A cross-sectional research method was implemented among 177

Therapeutic potential of dopamine agonists in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes is a global health concern that has affected almost 415 million people globally. Bromocriptine is a dopamine D2 agonist, which is a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. However, it is considered that a novel treatment therapy is required which can be used in the treatment of diabetes with or without other antidiabetic agents. Dopamine agonists are usually used in neurological disorders like Parkinson's disease (PD), restless leg syndrome, and hyperprolactinemia. However, dopamine agonists including bromocriptine and caberg

Iron Deficiency and Restless Sleep/Wake Behaviors in Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Mental Health Conditions.

Iron deficiency (ID) and restlessness are associated with sleep/wake-disorders (e.g., restless legs syndrome (RLS)) and neurodevelopmental disorders (attention deficit/hyperactivity and autism spectrum disorders (ADHD; ASD)). However, a standardized approach to assessing ID and restlessness is missing. We reviewed iron status and family sleep/ID history data collected at a sleep/wake behavior clinic under a quality improvement/quality assurance project. Restlessness was explored through patient and parental narratives and a 'suggested clinical immobilization test'. Of 199 patients, 94% had ID,…

[Multiple sleep latency test, maintenance of wakefulness test and suggestive immobilization test].

In clinical practice, assessment usually involves self-report; however, objective measures are available. The multiple sleep latency test(MS … ces. The suggestive immobilization test(SIT) was designed during which sensor and motor symptoms of restless legs syndrome are quantified during a period of immobility taking place in the evening before PSG. The patient is instructed to avoid moving voluntary for the entire duration of the test, which is designed to last 1 hour. The subjective leg discomfort evaluation …

Sleep Disorders in Mitochondrial Diseases.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: We aim to summarize the sleep disorders reported in patients affected by primary mitochondrial dysfunctions and describe … uscle and the predominant involvement of the central nervous system. Other sleep disorders, such as restless legs syndrome, have been rarely described. Sleep disorders are frequently associated with primary mitochondrial disorders, and the clinical phenotypes affect the type of sleep disturbance associated with the mitochondrial dysfunction. A polysomnographic study sho …

Restless sleep in children: A systematic review.

This systematic review assessed the prevalence of restless sleep in children, documented the association of restless sleep with other conditions, and summarized the existing evidence regarding whether restless sleep should be considered a distinct sleep disorder. A comprehensive search of electronic databases was performed using the broad search term "restless sleep" in all fields. Of the 266 articles retrieved, 107 were retained for inclusion in this review. The majority (n = 93) were observational studies. The studies were grouped under several pathologic/condition categories: sleep-disorder

RLS, PLM, and their differential diagnosis--a video guide.

This video guide has been designed as an introduction to the full spectrum of nocturnal presentations of restless legs syndrome (RLS) and periodic limb movements (PLM), and to their differential diagnoses. The DVD consists of four sections: In the first part, clinical presentations of RLS are covered (videos 1-3). In the second part, the variety of typical and less frequent presentations of PLM are demonstrated (videos 4-14). The third part shows the clinical presentation of augmentation (videos 15-19). The last section is dedicated to the differential diagnosis of RLS and PLM and demonstrates…

Машинное прогнозирование качества сна у пациентов с множественным склерозом.

Предыстория/задачи: нарушения сна являются распространенными, но часто недооцениваются при множественном склерозе (МС), независимо предсказывая снижение качества жизни и усиливая усталость, когнитивное расстройство и депрессию. В то время как боль, ноктура, усталость и симптомы настроения являются известными причинами, кардиометаболические и подстрекательские факторы остаются в основном неизученными, несмотря на их известные связи с плохим сном в других группах населения. В этом исследовании используется интерпретируемое машинное обучение для определения относительного вклада связанных с болез

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Background/Objectives: Sleep disturbances are common but frequently underrecognized in multiple sclerosis (MS), independently predicting red … r cohort study enrolled adult patients with MS. Sleep quality (PSQI), daytime sleepiness (ESS), and restless legs syndrome severity (IRLS) were assessed alongside clinical, anthropometric, hemodynamic, and laboratory parameters, including inflammatory and metabolic indices. Three regression models, Support Vector Regression (SVR), Random Forest, and XGBoost, were traine …

Sleep disturbances in children and adolescents with iron deficiency: Questionnaire-based and actigraphic findings.

OBJECTIVE: Iron deficiency (ID), without or with anemia (IDA), has been linked to restless sleep and sleep-related movement disorders in childhood, but objective correlates are incompletely defined. We aimed to describe caregiver-reported sleep disturbances, restless legs syndrome (RLS) - related symptoms, and actigraphic sleep patterns in children and adolescents with ID/IDA, and to compare these findings with available sleep-asymptomatic control datasets. We finally explored short-term changes after iron supplementation. METHODS: In this single-center pilot observational study, 31 children …

Persistence of repetitive EEG arousals (K-alpha complexes) in RLS patients treated with L-DOPA.

Compared to normal control subjects, patients with primary restless legs syndrome (RLS) have an increased number of K-complexes, followed by bursts of electroencephalographic (EEG) alpha activity-together these are referred to as K-alpha complexes. In the present study, a large proportion of K-alpha complexes was found to be temporally associated with periodic leg movements in sleep. Because many K-alpha complexes precede the onset of movements, they cannot be considered secondary to the movements themselves. The persistence of K-alpha complexes after suppression of leg movements by means of L…

Anemia and Sleep Disturbances: Mechanisms, Evidence and Clinical Implications - a Narrative Review.

BACKGROUND: Anemia, particularly iron deficiency anemia (IDA), is the most common subtype, which affects over two billion individuals worldw … sleep quality, objective sleep architecture, total sleep duration, sleep latency, sleep efficiency, restless legs syndrome (RLS), periodic limb movements (PLMs), insomnia and sleep-disordered breathing across different age groups and populations. METHODS: We performed searches in PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library from the foundatio …