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Innovative Approaches in Bone Tissue Engineering: Strategies for Cancer Treatment and Recovery.

Cancer has rapidly emerged as a leading global cause of premature mortality, with significant economic implications projected to reach USD 25.2 trillion from 2020 to 2050. Among the various types of cancer, primary bone cancers, though uncommon, are projected to see nearly 4000 new cases diagnosed in the United States in 2024. The complexity of treating bone cancer arises from its rarity, diversity, and the challenges associated with surgical interventions, metastatic spread, and post-operative complications. Advancements in bone tissue engineering (BTE) have introduced innovative therapeutic

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… , osteosarcoma) | [ 118 ] Bacterial cellulose | Three-dimensional bioprinting | BMP-2 | Patients with bone defects post-tumor resection (e.g., osteosarcoma) | [ 119 ] Hyaluronic acid (HA) | Hydrogel formation | HA | Post-operative patients requiring tissue repair (e.g., colorectal cancer) | [ 120 ] Cerium … oxide-containing beads | Antioxidant activity enhancement | Cerium Oxides (Ce 3+ /Ce 4+ ) | Patients with bone defects and oxidative stress (e.g., breast cancer) | [ 121 ] Synthetic Biomaterials Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) | Cell-aligned HDGs | Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs): BMP-2 and …

LncRNA OIP5‑AS1 aggravates house dust mite‑induced inflammatory responses in human bronchial epithelial cells via the miR‑143‑3p/HMGB1 axis.

Bronchial asthma poses a serious threat to human health. Previous studies have documented the role of long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in asthma. However, the molecular mechanism underlying bronchial asthma remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of the lncRNA Opa‑interacting protein 5 antisense RNA1 (OIP5‑AS1) in the house dust mite‑induced inflammatory response in human bronchial epithelial cells. BEAS‑2B cells were treated with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus peptidase 1 (Der p1) to establish an in vitro model of asthma. OIP5‑AS1 expression levels increased in BE

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… Cerium dioxide nanoparticles exacerbate house dust mite induced type II airway inflammation. Part Fibre Toxicol. 2018;15:24. doi: 10.1186/s12989-018-0261-5. 2. Izuhara K, Matsumoto H, Ohta S, Ono J, Arima K, Ogawa M. Recent developments regarding periostin in bronchial asthma. …

Advances in the delivery of anticancer drugs by nanoparticles and chitosan-based nanoparticles.

Cancer is the leading cause of death globally, and conventional treatments have limited efficacy with severe side effects. The use of nanotechnology has the potential to reduce the side effects of drugs by creating efficient and controlled anticancer drug delivery systems. Nanoparticles (NPs) used as drug carriers offer several advantages, including enhanced drug protection, biodistribution, selectivity and, pharmacokinetics. Therefore, this review is devoted to various organic (lipid, polymeric) as well as inorganic nanoparticles based on different building units and providing a wide range of

Applications of nanotechnologies for miRNA-based cancer therapeutics: current advances and future perspectives.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short (18-25 nt), non-coding, widely conserved RNA molecules responsible for regulating gene expression via sequence-specific post-transcriptional mechanisms. Since the human miRNA transcriptome regulates the expression of a number of tumor suppressors and oncogenes, its dysregulation is associated with the clinical onset of different types of cancer. Despite the fact that numerous therapeutic approaches have been designed in recent years to treat cancer, the complexity of the disease manifested by each patient has prevented the development of a highly effective disease

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… To avoid a limited response from cells to radiotherapy, radiosensitizers such as miR-181a were delivered into cancerous esophageal squamous cells using 2D graphdiyne-cerium oxide (GDY-CeO 2 ) nanozymes. …

How to Treat Melanoma? The Current Status of Innovative Nanotechnological Strategies and the Role of Minimally Invasive Approaches like PTT and PDT.

Melanoma is the most aggressive type of skin cancer, the incidence and mortality of which are increasing worldwide. Its extensive degree of heterogeneity has limited its response to existing therapies. For many years the therapeutic strategies were limited to surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Fortunately, advances in knowledge have allowed the development of new therapeutic strategies. Despite the undoubted progress, alternative therapies are still under research. In this context, nanotechnology is also positioned as a strong and promising tool to develop nanosystems that act as drug ca

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… Among the metals commonly used in the production of this type of NPs, some stand out: gold (Au), silver (Ag), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), cerium (Ce), platinum (Pt), titanium (Ti), and zinc (Zn) [ 163 , 164 ]. …

Drug delivery for age-related bone diseases: From therapeutic targets to common and emerging therapeutic strategies.

With the accumulation of knowledge on aging, people have gradually realized that among the many factors that cause individual aging, the accumulation of aging cells is an essential cause of organ degeneration and, ultimately, age-related diseases. Most cells present in the bone microenvironment gradually age over time, leading to an imbalance of osteogenesis, osteoclastogenesis, adipogenesis, and chondrogenesis. This imbalance contributes to age-related bone loss and the development of age-related bone diseases, such as osteoporosis. Bone aging can prolong the lifespan and delay the developmen

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… Similarly, cerium-ion-modified titanium surfaces scavenge ROS in macrophages, inhibit the production of inflammatory mediators, and promote the transformation of macrophages into anti-inflammatory phenotypes ( Li, 2018 ). … Valence state manipulation of cerium oxide nanoparticles on a titanium surface for modulating cell fate and bone formation. Adv Sci (weinh) 2018;5(2) doi: 10.1002/advs.201700678. 1700678. Li W., et al. The curcumin analog EF24 is a novel senolytic agent. …

Hidrox® Counteracts Cyclophosphamide-Induced Male Infertility through NRF2 Pathways in a Mouse Model.

BACKGROUND: Every year, men use cyclophosphamide to treat various cancers and autoimmune diseases. On the one hand, this chemotherapy often has the beneficial effect of regressing the tumor, but on the other hand, it leads to infertility due to excessive oxidative stress and apoptosis in the testes caused by its metabolite, acrolein. METHODS: The objective of this study was to evaluate the beneficial power of a new compound called Hidrox®, containing 40-50% hydroxytyrosol, in counteracting the damage related to fertility induced by cyclophosphamide. The study was conducted using a single intr

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… Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Protect Cyclophosphamide-induced Testicular Toxicity in Mice Int. J. Prev. Med. 2019 10 5 30774839 10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_184_18 PMC6360849 65. Soni M.G. Burdock G.A. Christian M.S. Bitler C.M. Crea R. …

Hesperidin Mitigates Cyclophosphamide-Induced Testicular Dysfunction via Altering the Hypothalamic Pituitary Gonadal Axis and Testicular Steroidogenesis, Inflammation, and Apoptosis in Male Rats.

Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a cytotoxic, cell cycle, non-specific, and antiproliferative drug. This study aimed to address the toxic effects of CP on male fertility and the possible ameliorative role of hesperidin (HSP). Thirty-two adult albino rats were randomly divided into four groups, namely, the negative control, HSP, CP-treated, and CP+HSP-treated groups. The CP-treated rats showed a significant reduction in the levels of serum LH, FSH, testosterone, prolactin, testicular glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) with an elevation in levels of malondialdehyde (MDA),

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… Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Protect Cyclophosphamide-induced Testicular Toxicity in Mice Int. J. Prev. Med. 2019 10 5 10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_184_18 30774839 PMC6360849 47. Anan H.H. Zidan R.A. Abd El-Baset S.A. Ali M.M. …

From Osteoclast Differentiation to Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: Molecular and Clinical Insights.

Bone physiology relies on the delicate balance between resorption and formation of its tissue. Bone resorption depends on a process called osteoclastogenesis in which bone-resorbing cells, i.e., osteoclasts, are produced by the differentiation of more undifferentiated progenitors and precursors. This process is governed by two main factors, monocyte colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of NFκB ligand (RANKL). While the former exerts a proliferating effect on progenitors/precursors, the latter triggers a differentiation effect on more mature cells of the same lineage. Bone h

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… Cytocompatibility of potential bioactive cerium-doped glasses based on 45S5 Materials 2019 12 594 10.3390/ma12040594 PMC6416737 30781522 110. Giannone N. Anesi A. Ciavarella D. La Torretta G. Di Liberto C. Cyanoacrylate in oral surgery | I cianoacrilati in chirurgia orale Ital. …

Targeted phytotherapy: essential oils, multi-target cancer action & nanodelivery.

Biochemical components of essential oils (EOs) are an innovative but largely underexplored type of precision phytotherapy (PT) in oncology owing to their anticancer activity against many types of tumors. This article discusses the important multitargeted molecular mechanisms of EOs (apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, angiogenesis, metastasis, tumor microenvironment) and their role as antitumor agents. In particular, an effort has been made to emphasize on the most notable volatile EOs such as thymol, eugenol, limonene, β-caryophyllene, and their interaction with oncogenic signaling pathways (NF-κB,

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… confirmed involvement of O-H, C=O, C=N functional groups | IC50 against HeLa cells: 3.575 ppm; Dose-dependent cytotoxicity; Anti-apoptotic capability for cancer cells | ( 113 ) Pistachio ( Pistacia vera ) pericarp | Green synthesis (essential oil-mediated) | Pistachio vera pericarp essential oil-mediated cerium … oxide nanoparticles (PVEO-CeO2 NPs) | Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) | Not reported in the paper (GC-MS was performed per previous study but compounds not listed in this paper) | Pyramid-shaped, highly crystalline nanoparticles with cubic fluorite structure; average crystal size ~11.8 nm; phase-pure …

Açai Berry Attenuates Cyclophosphamide-Induced Damage in Genitourinary Axis-Modulating Nrf-2/HO-1 Pathways.

Cyclophosphamide (CYP) is used to treat different malignancies and autoimmune disorders in men. This chemotherapy frequently reduces tumors, which is beneficial, but also causes infertility because of severe oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the bladder and testes brought on by its metabolite, acrolein. The goal of this study was to assess the efficacy of a novel food, açai berry, in preventing CYP-induced damage in the bladder and testes.MethodsCYP was administered intraperitoneally once during the experiment at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight diluted in 10 mL/kg b.w. of water.

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… Cerium oxide nanoparticles protect cyclophosphamide-induced testicular toxicity in mice. Int. J. Prev. Med. 2019;10:5. doi: 10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_184_18. 64. Fusco R., Salinaro A., Siracusa R., D’Amico R., Impellizzeri D., Scuto M., Ontario M., Crea R., Cordaro M., Cuzzocrea S., et al. …

Recent Advances in Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) for Cancer Diagnosis, Target Drug Delivery, and Treatment.

Cancer is regarded as one of the most deadly and mirthless diseases and it develops due to the uncontrolled proliferation of cells. To date, varieties of traditional medications and chemotherapies have been utilized to fight tumors. However, their immense drawbacks, such as reduced bioavailability, insufficient supply, and significant adverse effects, make their use limited. Nanotechnology has evolved rapidly in recent years and offers a wide spectrum of applications in the healthcare sectors. Nanoscale materials offer strong potential for curing cancer as they pose low risk and fewer complica

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… Thus, the HA coated poly butyl cyanoacrylate (PBCA) ZnO NPs were made by initiating radical polymerization of butyl cyanoarylate (BCA) in the presence of HA with cerium ions. A model anticancer agent, PTX, was encapsulated in negatively charged NPs with a 90 percent encapsulation rate. … Comparison of the mechanism of toxicity of zinc oxide and cerium oxide nanoparticles based on dissolution and oxidative stress properties ACS Nano 2008 2 2121 2134 10.1021/nn800511k 19206459 PMC3959800 63. Chen H. Zhen Z. Todd T. Chu P.K. Xie J. Nanoparticles for improving cancer diagnosis Mater. …

Combinational Antitumor Strategies Based on the Active Ingredients of Toad Skin and Toad Venom.

A multidrug combination strategy is an important mean to improve the treatment of cancer and is the mainstream scheme of clinical cancer treatment. The active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine, represented by toad skin and toad venom, have the advantages of high efficiency, low toxicity, wide action and multiple targets and have become ideal targets in combined treatment strategies for tumors in recent years. Toad skin and toad venom are traditional Chinese animal medicines derived from Bufo bufo gargarizans Cantor or Bufo melanostictus Schneider that have shown excellent therapeutic

Targeted Hybrid Nanocarriers as Co-Delivery Systems for Enhanced Cancer Therapy.

Hybrid nanocarriers have realized a growing interest in drug delivery research because of the potential of being able to treat, manage or cure diseases that previously had limited therapy or cure. Cancer is currently considered the second leading cause of death globally. This makes cancer therapy a major focus in terms of the need for efficacious and safe drug formulations that can be used to reduce the rate of morbidity and mortality globally. The major challenge encountered over the years with cancer chemotherapy is the non-selectivity of anticancer drugs, leading to severe adverse effects i

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… They are typically synthesized with metals including but not limited to silver, aluminum, iron, gold, silica, copper, zinc, magnesium, cerium, titanium, platinum, or thallium. …

What is the Reason That the Pharmacological Future of Chemotherapeutics in the Treatment of Lung Cancer Could Be Most Closely Related to Nanostructures? Platinum Drugs in Therapy of Non-Small and Small Cell Lung Cancer and Their Unexpected, Possible Interactions. The Review.

Over the course of several decades, anticancer treatment with chemotherapy drugs for lung cancer has not changed significantly. Unfortunately, this treatment prolongs the patient's life only by a few months, causing many side effects in the human body. It has also been proven that drugs such as Cisplatin, Carboplatin, Oxaliplatin and others can react with other substances containing an aromatic ring in which the nitrogen atom has a free electron group in its structure. Thus, such structures may have a competitive effect on the nucleobases of DNA. Therefore, scientists are looking not only for

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… its effectiveness. 471 Additionally, QDs can be modified to control drug release in an acidic pH environment. 472 Metal NPs (Nanoparticles) Between structures contain metal atoms, used in oncology are iron nanoparticles, 321 , 473 titanium dioxide nanoparticles, 329 zinc oxide nanoparticles, 474 cerium …

From Nature to Synthetic Compounds: Novel 1(N),2,3 Trisubstituted-5-oxopyrrolidines Targeting Multiple Myeloma Cells.

The insurgence of drug resistance in treating Multiple Myeloma (MM) still represents a major hamper in finding effective treatments, although over the past decades new classes of drugs, such as proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory drugs, have been discovered. Recently, our research team, within a Nature-Aided Drug Discovery project, isolated from Hibiscus Sabdariffa L. calyces the secondary metabolite called Hib-ester which possesses antiproliferative properties against human multiple myeloma RPMI 8226 cells, reduces migration and cell invasion and inhibits proteasome without neurotoxic

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… carried out on silica gel pre-coated glass-backed plates (TLC Silica Gel 60 F254, Merk) impregnated with a fluorescent indicator, and visualized with the instrument MinUVIS, DESAGA ® Sastedt-GRUPPE by ultraviolet (UV) radiation from UV lamp (λ = 254 and 366 nm) or by stain reagents such as Ninidrine and Cerium …

Targeting strategies for bone diseases: signaling pathways and clinical studies.

Since the proposal of Paul Ehrlich's magic bullet concept over 100 years ago, tremendous advances have occurred in targeted therapy. From the initial selective antibody, antitoxin to targeted drug delivery that emerged in the past decades, more precise therapeutic efficacy is realized in specific pathological sites of clinical diseases. As a highly pyknotic mineralized tissue with lessened blood flow, bone is characterized by a complex remodeling and homeostatic regulation mechanism, which makes drug therapy for skeletal diseases more challenging than other tissues. Bone-targeted therapy has b

Enhancing the Safety of Nanoparticles in Medicine: Highlights of Progress and Critical Objectives.

Nanoparticles have transformed drug delivery, imaging, vaccination, and precision therapeutics, but their clinical translation remains constrained by safety profiles that are inseparable from material design, biological identity, host factors, and manufacturing. This review critically evaluates recent progress, persistent limitations, and priority objectives for safer nanomedicine. Unlike reviews organized primarily by material class or isolated toxicology endpoints, we integrate physicochemical determinants, protein corona formation, immune recognition, organ disposition, preclinical models,

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… These features make them uniquely attractive for imaging, externally triggered therapy, photothermal therapy, magnetic targeting, radiosensitization, antimicrobial applications, and multimodal theranostics. 22 , 31 , 32 Gold, silver, iron oxide, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, copper oxide, cerium oxide … optical/plasmonic properties, photothermal applications, radiosensitization, imaging, theranostics | Oxidative stress, ion release, surface-reactivity-driven toxicity, persistence, off-target accumulation, uncertain long-term fate Metal oxide nanoparticles | Iron oxide, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, cerium …

Ультрафиолетовое излучение и нейродегенерация: молекулярные механизмы, лежащие в основе двойного нейрозащитного и нейротоксичного воздействия.

Ультрафиолетовое излучение имеет сложную, зачастую противоречивую связь с риском/прогрессом нейродегенерации, охватывающую клинически диагностированные заболевания [Заболевания Паркинсона (PD), болезни Альцгеймера (AD), множественный склероз (MS) и амиотропический боковой склероз (ALS)] или промежуточные фенотипы (уменьшенный нейрогенесис, потеря гиппокампального объема). Цель этого обзора заключается в выявлении двойного воздействия УФ-излучения путем сбора и обобщения экспериментальных (доклинических и переводческих) данных, а также эпидемиологических данных. Нынешняя литература демонстрируе

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… Formulation of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Towards the Prevention and Treatment of Cataract. Norwich: University of East Anglia. Hart P. (2025). Proteomics confirms immune stabilizing effects of narrowband UVB treatment in patients with clinically isolated syndrome and multiple sclerosis. Mult. …

Nanogel-Based Precision Bone Regeneration: Rational Design, Biological Barrier Penetration, and Osteoporotic Microenvironment Remodeling.

The pathogenesis of osteoporosis is primarily associated with impaired communication between osteoblasts and osteoclasts, leading to disrupted bone homeostasis. Conventional biomaterials mainly rely on macroscopic structural support and are limited in their ability to precisely regulate the complex bone microenvironment and overcome biological barriers. As representative soft matter nanoplatforms, nanogels possess unique viscoelastic mechanical properties and adaptive biointerfacial properties, offering new opportunities to overcome physical barriers within bone tissues. Moving beyond previous

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… Ultrasound-responsive nanobubbles for combined sirna-cerium oxide nanoparticle delivery to bone cells. Pharmaceutics . 2023;15(10):2393. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102393 61. Xiu C, Zhang L, Zhang C, et al. …