Результаты поиска

[Pulse therapy in the treatment of optic neuritis in multiple sclerosis].

Corticosteroids are the preparations in the treatment of optic neuritis at multiple sclerosis. The doses and methods of introduction of corticosteroids are chosen individually for the adults and children. A maximum effect is registered in a majority of cases of optic neuritis, when methylprednisolone is prescribed with the pulse-dose introduction, as compared to parabulbar injections or administration of corticosteroids per os. The recovery of vision at relapsing optic neuritis sets on faster and is of a more prolonged nature as compared to other variants of the introduction of corticosteroids…

Differential diagnosis of optic neuritis in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis.

The authors report a 38-year-old white man with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) who presented with recurrent ischaemic optic neuritis. The initial diagnosis was of multiple sclerosis, but further investigation showed serology and cerebrospinal fluid culture positive for syphilis. After treatment for tertiary syphilis with penicillin, there was complete remission of the ocular symptoms. This case illustrates the differential diagnosis of optic neuritis in AS and supports the relevance of investigating infectious diseases in the management of ischaemic optic neuritis.

[Effect of vaccination programs on the incidence of idiopathic optic neuritis].

UNLABELLED: To evaluate the influence of vaccination programs on the incidence of idiopathic optic neuritis. MATERIAL: 359 questionnaired patients with idiopathic optic neuritis hospitalized in the Department of Ophthalmology in Bydgoszcz and in the province of Bydgoszcz in the period from 1978 to 1997. Control group included 264 persons with no history of optic neuritis. RESULTS: Vaccinated persons were significantly (p = 0.01) rarely affected by this disease. CONCLUSION: The study revealed the positive correlation between lack of vaccination (according to vaccination program) and the inci…

Putative role of calpain in the pathophysiology of experimental optic neuritis.

Since myelin proteins are degraded in autoimmune demyelinating diseases such as optic neuritis, proteinases are believed to participate in myelinolysis. Calpain (calcium activated neutral proteinase) degrades myelin proteins at physiological pH and is found in glial and inflammatory cells involved in demyelination. To examine the putative role of calpain in myelinolysis, the activity and expression (translational and transcriptional) of this enzyme and endogenous inhibitor, calpastatin were examined in optic nerves of Lewis rats with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal mod…

Reflections on the pathogenesis of optic (retrobulbar) neuritis in multiple sclerosis.

The conditions which lead to a plaque of demyelination in the retrobulbar optic nerve are discussed. Growth of the plaque occurs along venules as small fingerlike sleeves which develop outwards from the contour of the plaque. This occurs slowly and at intervals; the very gradually expanding lesion remain for a long time clinically silent. It is here postulated that the change to clinical disease is induced if cells digesting myelin debris settle in a more distal part of the perivascular space of a vein, than during the subclinical phase. In sufficient numbers these cells will impede the moveme

The incidence of optic neuritis and its prognosis for multiple sclerosis.

An incidence study of idiopathic optic neuritis (ON) was carried out in 2 geographic areas of Finland for the 9-year period 1970 to 1978. The southern province of Uusimaa composes a medium-risk and the western province of Vaasa a high-risk area for multiple sclerosis (MS). The risk for subsequent MS was determined. A total of 315 attacks on ON were recorded in 296 patients. The mean annual age-adjusted incidence for ON in Uusimaa was 2.2 and in Vaasa 2.5 per 100,000 population. The incidence figures remained unchanged all the time. The mean age at onset was 30 years. 19% of ON patients develop…

Serum NfL predicts visual recovery and neuronal loss after optic neuritis.

Optic neuritis, a common manifestation of multiple sclerosis, involves acute axonal injury and variable visual recovery. We evaluated whether serum neurofilament light chain predicts visual and structural outcomes after first-episode optic neuritis. Fifty-one patients (mean age = 33 years, 71% women) were followed for 24 ± 6 months with low-contrast letter acuity testing and optical coherence tomography. Adjusting for age and sex, higher baseline serum neurofilament light chain predicted greater inter-eye differences in retinal nerve fibre layer (-4.65 µm per SD, p = 0.02), ganglion cell/inner…

Neuroimmunological overlap syndromes in optic neuritis, myelitis, and connective tissue diseases.

BACKGROUND: Neuroimmunological overlap syndromes encompassing optic neuritis, myelitis, and connective tissue disorders (CTDs) represent an emerging autoimmune spectrum at the intersection of neurology, immunology, and rheumatology. These conditions share convergent pathogenic mechanisms including blood-brain barrier dysfunction, cytokine dysregulation, complement activation, and adaptive immune imbalance, yet are often managed as discrete entities despite overlapping clinical features. METHOD: A narrative review was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar (January 2014-Ma…

Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with optic neuritis following Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.

The involvement of both the central and peripheral nervous systems in Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is rare. We report a patient who developed bilateral optic neuritis and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) following a Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. A 32-year-old man presented with progressive weakness, ataxia, and dysphagia after a recent respiratory infection. Clinical, cerebrospinal fluid, and neurophysiological findings were consistent with GBS, and treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin was initiated. Two days later, the patient developed visual loss, and post-infectious autoimmune opti…

Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus Complicated by Optic Neuritis: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges.

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) is caused by reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) in the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve and can result in a range of ocular complications. One of the rare but serious sequelae of HZO is optic neuritis, which can lead to significant visual impairment within a few days without timely management. We present a case of an immunocompetent adolescent female who developed right-sided retrobulbar optic neuritis following an episode of HZO. Her condition was confirmed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which showed optic nerve involvement. Mana…

Therapeutic potential of 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivative in EAE-induced optic neuritis.

Optic neuritis is a debilitating inflammatory condition of the optic nerve and is often an early manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS). Optic nerve damage in MS causes visual impairment due to oxidative stress, inflammation, and demyelination. This study explores the effect of a potential oxadiazole derivative, 2-{[5-(2-chlorophenyl)-1, 3, 4-oxadiazol-2-yl] sulfanyl} ethan-1-ol (abbreviated as OX-2), on optic neuritis induced by using an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model. The impact of the compound was analyzed through various methods, including clinical scoring, weight evalua…

Post-traumatic myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody optic neuritis: A case report.

PURPOSE: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) has recently been distinguished as its own disease entity separate from other demyelinating diseases. This case report highlights the possible association of orbital trauma with the development of MOG antibody (MOG-IgG) optic neuritis. OBSERVATIONS: A 31-year-old male with no significant ocular history presented with blurry vision in the right eye four weeks after a motorcycle crash. Right eye examination was notable for a significant decrease in visual acuity with a relative afferent pupillary defect and c…

Микробные профили пациентов с оптическим неуритом или миастенией гравис.

ЦЕЛЬ: Характеристика кишечного микробного состава пациентов с оптическим невритом (ON) или миастенией грависа (MG). МЕТОДЫ: Пробы стула были собраны у 45 пациентов с НО, 13 пациентов с MG и 20 здоровых методов контроля. Микробиальная геномная ДНК была извлечена, и V3-V4 области бактериальных генов 16S rRNA были расширены и секвенированы. Для сопоставления альфа-разнообразия, бета-разнообразия, таксономических задач и бактериального богатства групп был проведен биоинформатический анализ. Различия в изобилии микробных таксов были выявлены с использованием линейного анализа эффекта дискриминантов

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
OBJECTIVE: To characterize the gut microbial composition of patients with optic neuritis (ON) or myasthenia gravis (MG). METHODS: Stool samples were collected from 45 patients with ON, 13 patients with MG, and 20 healthy controls. Microbial genomic DNA was extracted, and the V3-V4 regions of bacterial 16S rRNA genes were amplified and sequenced. Bioinformat…

Clinical features of COVID-19-related optic neuritis: a retrospective study.

OBJECTIVE: This retrospective study aimed to investigate the clinical features of optic neuritis associated with COVID-19 (COVID-19 ON), comparing them with neuromyelitis optica-associated optic neuritis (NMO-ON), myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-associated optic neuritis (MOG-ON), and antibody-negative optic neuritis (antibody-negative ON). METHODS: Data from 117 patients (145 eyes) with optic neuritis at the Shantou International Eye Center (March 2020-June 2023) were categorized into four groups based on etiology: Group 1 (neuromyelitis optica-related optic neuritis, NMO-ON), Group 2 (m…

Rapid differentiation of MOGAD and MS after a single optic neuritis.

BACKGROUND: Optic neuritis (ON) is a common manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS) and myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein IgG-associated disease (MOGAD). This study evaluated the applicability of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for differentiating between both diseases in two independent cohorts. METHODS: One hundred sixty two patients from seven sites underwent standard OCT and high-contrast visual acuity (HCVA) testing at least 6 months after first ON. Of these, 100 patients (32 MOGAD, 68 MS) comprised the primary investigational cohort, while 62 patients (31 MOGAD, 31 MS) formed a va…