Результаты поиска

Dot-ELISA Rapid Test Using Recombinant 56-kDa Protein Antigens for Serodiagnosis of Scrub Typhus.

We developed a rapid dot-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (dot-ELISA) using the combination of recombinant 56-kDa protein antigens that exhibited broad reactivity with serum antibodies against the four most prevalent strains (Karp, Kato, Gilliam, and TA763) of Orientia tsutsugamushi. The assay is rapid (30 minutes), and can be done at room temperature, and results can be read by the naked eye. Only a simple shaker is required to wash the membrane. Sera from 338 patients suspected of being ill with scrub typhus from rural hospitals around Thailand were tested using this dot-ELISA. Seventy-five…

[Case of tsutsugamushi disease (scrub typhus) presenting with fever and pain indistinguishable from trigeminal neuralgia].

A 64-year-old man visited our clinic with a 9-day history of headache and fever. He had frequent, severe, electric shock-like pain in his le … lymorphs/microl, 6 lymphocytes/microl, 65 mg/dl of glucose, and 42 mg/dl of protein. A diagnosis of scrub typhus was made. Treatment with minocycline brought about prompt disappearance of the fever and dramatic clinical improvement. Increased antibody titers confirmed the diagnosis. Although almost all patients present with high fever and severe headache, only …

Scrub typhus among hospitalised patients with febrile illness in South India: magnitude and clinical predictors.

OBJECTIVES: To derive a clinical algorithm for diagnosis of scrub typhus among patients hospitalized with febrile illness and to determine predictors of bad prognosis. METHODS: Patients hospitalized with febrile illness of 5-30 days duration were evaluated for common aetiologies. Sera were tested for antibodies (IgM and IgG) to Orientia tsutsugamushi using ELISA kit. RESULTS: Among 207 patients, 50 had elevated levels of IgM antibodies. The data of these patients were compared with that of 16 controls having febrile illnesses in whom rickettsial infection was ruled out. Transaminase elevatio…

Scrub typhus vaccine candidate Kp r56 induces humoral and cellular immune responses in cynomolgus monkeys.

A truncated recombinant 56-kDa outer membrane protein of the Karp strain of Orientia tsutsugamushi (Kp r56) was evaluated in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) for immunogenicity and safety as a vaccine candidate for the prevention of scrub typhus. This recombinant antigen induced strong humoral and cellular immune responses in two monkeys and was found to be well tolerated. Antigen-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG were produced to almost maximal levels within 1 week of a single immunization. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from vaccinated animals showed an induction of antigen…

Azithromycin activities against Orientia tsutsugamushi strains isolated in cases of scrub typhus in Northern Thailand.

Azithromycin was given to mice and humans infected with strains of Orientia tsutsugamushi from northern Thailand, where drug-resistant scrub typhus occurs. Azithromycin and doxycycline yielded comparable mouse survival rates (73 and 79%, respectively; P > 0.5). Symptoms, signs, and fever in two pregnant women abated rapidly with azithromycin. Prospective human trials are needed.

Rapid diagnosis of scrub typhus by a passive hemagglutination assay using recombinant 56-kilodalton polypeptides.

The genes encoding the 56-kDa polypeptides were amplified by polymerase chain reaction from the genomic DNAs of three serotypes of Rickettsi … lypeptides were evaluated with 89 serum specimens from health blood donors, 94 serum specimens from scrub typhus patients, and 31 serum specimens from patients with other febrile diseases by a passive hemagglutination assay (PHA). Among the scrub typhus patients diagnosed by indirect immunofluorescent-antibody testing, the antibodies to R. tsutsugamushi were d …

Gamma-irradiated scrub typhus immunogens: development of cell-mediated immunity after vaccination of inbred mice.

Mice immunized with three injections of gamma-irradiated Karp strain of Rickettsia tsutsugamushi were evaluated for the presence of cell-mediated immunity by using delayed-type hypersensitivity, antigen-induced lymphocyte proliferation, and antigen-induced lymphokine production. These animals also were evaluated for levels of circulating antibody after immunization as well as for the presence of rickettsemia after intraperitoneal challenge with viable Karp rickettsiae. After immunization with irradiated Karp rickettsiae, a demonstrable cell-mediated immunity was present as evidenced by delayed

Rickettsia tsutsugamushi infection and scrub typhus incidence among Chinese military personnel in the Pescadores Islands.

Personnel assigned to infantry units of the army of the Republic of China (Taiwan) stationed in the Pescadores Islands experienced the highest incidence rate of scrub typhus (4%) and the highest rate of Rickettsia tsutsugamushi infection (12%) of the units studied during 1976. The ratio of scrub typhus to infection with R. tsutsugamushi was 30%. Non-immune personnel, when infected, were more likely to develop scrub typhus than were those who had previously been infected. There was a correlation between clinical illness and high antibody titers developed in response to the infection.

Comparison of indirect immunofluorescence assays for diagnosis of scrub typhus and murine typhus using venous blood and finger prick filter paper blood spots.

We performed indirect immunofluorescence assays (IFAs) to compare levels of IgM and IgG antibodies to Orientia tsutsugamushi and Rickettsia typhi in admission-phase serum samples and filter paper blood spots (assayed immediately and stored at 5.4 degrees C and 29 degrees C for 30 days) collected on the same day from 53 adults with suspected scrub typhus and murine typhus admitted to Mahosot Hospital Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic. The sensitivities and specificities of admission-phase filter paper blood spots in comparison to paired sera were between 91% and 95% and 87% and 100%, …

Antibiotic therapy failure and clinical outcomes in scrub typhus patients from Guangzhou city, southern China.

Antibiotic therapy failure in scrub typhus (ST) has raised concerns about first-line antibiotic efficacy, necessitating reevaluation of recommended antibiotic therapies. A multicenter retrospective analysis included 2029 non-severe ST patients hospitalized in Guangzhou from 2012 to 2018. Antibiotic therapy failure was defined as needing to switch initial antibiotics due to persistent fever, clinical deterioration, or clinician-assessed need. The clinical outcomes of three antibiotic therapies were compared. Antibiotic therapy failure led to significantly greater medical needs, as evidenced by …

Scrub typhus eschar: Clinical and 365 nm fluorescence dermoscopic correlation and follow-up till cure.

This case report presents an instance of scrub typhus, distinguished by a solitary eschar on the thigh, and explores the application of dermoscopy with 365 nm ultraviolet illumination for real-time monitoring during treatment. Scrub typhus, caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, typically manifests with eschars that can be easily overlooked due to their painless nature. This case highlights the utility of dermoscopy in improving eschar detection and therapeutic monitoring, offering a novel approach to managing this potentially severe disease.

Scrub tyhus serop распространяется из восточного штата Индии: результаты общегосударственного серообследования.

КОЛИЧЕСТВО: Скруб тифа — инфекционное заболевание, вызванное главным образом внутриклеточными бактериями Orientia tsutsugamushi, которые передаются клещами чиггера. Цель этого исследования заключалась в определении распространенности скруба тифа среди взрослых в Одише, восточном штате Индия. МЕТОДЫ: Для анализа 1840 проб сыворотки из пяти районов Одиши (Хордха, Каттак, Ганьям, Малькангири и Сундаргарх), собранных в период 2020 - 2021 годов, было проведено описательное перекрестное исследование. Как иммуноглобулин G (IgG), так и антитела IgM против скруба тифа тестировались с использованием ком

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Scrub typhus is a mite-borne infectious disease caused primarily by the obligate intracellular bacteria Orientia tsutsugamushi, which is transmitted by chigger mites. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of scrub typhus among adults in Odisha, an eastern state of India. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was cond…

Acute Onset Postpartum Pleural Effusion: A Near-Miss Maternal Case Due to Scrub Typhus Infection.

A 32-year-old puerperal patient developed acute onset breathlessness and fever on the third postoperative day. On evaluation, the patient was diagnosed to have scrub typhus pneumonia without any characteristic eschar. The condition was associated with pleural effusion, and it was drained. Azithromycin was used as the drug of choice due to the peripartum status of this patient. The patient improved due to early detection and multidisciplinary timely care. The safe outcome of this near-miss case suggests that fever profile workup, especially in scrub typhus endemic areas, should include scrub ty…

Once Forgotten Now Re-emerging: Scrub Typhus Infection in Pediatric Patients From North West India.

Background Scrub typhus is an important cause of acute febrile illness in children. It is one of the re-emerging infections in the Asia Pacific region. It is caused by the gram-negative bacteria Orientia tsutsugamushi and is spread by the bite of trombiculid mites. The initial symptomatology is nonspecific with fever, headache, vomiting, etc. The presence of eschar is said to be pathognomic. It is a systemic illness, and vasculitis is the basic pathogenic mechanism. Materials and methods A retrospective observational study was conducted in two medical colleges and associated hospitals of weste…

A Murine Model of Waning Scrub Typhus Cross-Protection between Heterologous Strains of Orientia tsutsugamushi.

Orientia tsutsugamushi, the etiologic agent of the life-threatening febrile disease scrub typhus, is an obligately intracellular small coccobacillary bacterium belonging to the family Rickettsiaceae and is transmitted by the parasitic larval stage of trombiculid mites. Progress towards a vaccine for protection against scrub typhus has been impeded by characteristics of the pathogen and the infection. There are numerous strains of O. tsutsugamushi in the Asia-Pacific region with geographical overlap. In human cases immunity has been described as poor against heterologous strains of the pathogen…