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Acute effects of night-time noise exposure on blood pressure in populations living near airports.

AIMS: Within the framework of the HYENA (hypertension and exposure to noise near airports) project we investigated the effect of short-term … ) for systolic and 7.4 mmHg (3.1, 12) for diastolic) was observed over 15 min intervals in which an aircraft event occurred. A non-significant increase in HR was also observed (by 5.4 b.p.m.). Less consistent effects were observed on HR. When the actual maximum noise level of an event was assessed there were no systematic differences in the effects accordi …

Estimating shipping emissions in the region of the Sea of Marmara, Turkey.

Ship emissions are significantly increasing globally and have remarkable impact on air quality on sea and land. These emissions contribute s … of CO of road traffic emissions in Turkey data between which and correspond to a higher level than aircraft emissions and rail emissions in Turkey.

A PHS pharmacist team's response to Hurricane Katrina.

PURPOSE: The challenges and victories that a team of Public Health Service (PHS) pharmacists experienced in establishing pharmacy operations at a federal medical station and conducting outreach missions are described. SUMMARY: The Gulf coast of Mississippi and southeast Louisiana were struck on August 29, 2005, by Hurricane Katrina, which caused widespread infrastructure damage, flooding, and loss of life. A team of 70 officers, which included 8 pharmacists, arrived on September 3 and 4 to establish a 480-bed federal medical station in an aircraft hangar at the naval air station (NAS) in Meri…

Health-related quality of life of firefighters and police officers 8.5 years after the air disaster in Amsterdam.

BACKGROUND: In 1992 a cargo aircraft crashed into apartment buildings in Amsterdam. In the troublesome aftermath rumours emerged on potential toxic exposures and health consequences. The aim of this study is to assess the long-term impact of this disaster on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of professional assistance workers. METHODS: Historic cohort study, using questionnaires to assess occupational disaster exposure, HRQoL (SF36), and background variables, at on average 8.5 years post-disaster. Participating were the exposed professional firefighters (n = 334) and police officers …

Effects of altered gravity on the swimming behaviour of fish.

Humans taking part in parabolic aircraft flights (PAFs) may suffer from space motion sickness-phenomena (SMS, a kinetosis). It has been argued that SMS during PAFs might not be based on microgravity alone but rather on changing accelerations from 0 g to 2 g. We test here the hypothesis that PAF-induced kinetosis is based on asymmetric statoliths (i.e., differently weighed statoliths on the right and the left side of the head), with asymmetric inputs to the brain being disclosed at microgravity. Since fish frequently reveal kinetotic behaviour during PAFs (especially so-called spinning movement…

Identification of occupational cancer risks in British Columbia. A population-based case-control study of 995 incident breast cancer cases by menopausal status, controlling for confounding factors.

Lifetime occupational histories as well as information on known and suspected breast cancer risk factors were collected by means of a self-a … ; in medicine, health, and nursing occupations; in laundry and dry-cleaning occupations; and in the aircraft and automotive, including gasoline service station, industries. Several significant associations were also seen in the combined group of pre- and post-menopausal women, particularly in crop farmers and in the fruit and vegetable, publishing and prin …

Morphometry of fish inner ear otoliths after development at 3g hypergravity.

Size and asymmetry (size difference between the left and right sides) of inner ear otoliths of larval cichlid fish were determined after a l … o the behaviour observed in previous experiments on the transfer from 1g to microgravity (parabolic aircraft flights). The lapillar asymmetry of kinetotic samples was found to be significantly higher than that of normally behaving experimental specimens. No differences in asymmetry of sagittae were obtained between the two groups. This supports an earlier …

The initial signs and symptoms of altitude decompression sickness.

BACKGROUND: With the potential for higher aircraft and cabin altitudes, the way in which altitude decompression sickness (DCS) presents continues to be of interest. The majority of previous papers on the symptomatology of DCS are retrospective reviews of patients treated hours or days post-exposure. The initial presentation while still at altitude is the form of DCS that aircrew must be able to recognize in order to respond correctly. This paper reports the initial manifestations of DCS that occurred during a series of prospective hypobaric chamber studies. These studies had been specifically …

Airborne irritant contact dermatitis from metal dust adhering to semisynthetic working suits.

2 workers at an aircraft factory were employed in a plasma sparying unit. Soon after they were equipped with new semisynthetic working suits, they started to complain of pruritic eruptions after heavy exposure to metal dust. They noted that the dust was not as easily blown off the clothes by pressurized air as previously. Clinical findings consisted of discrete macular and papular lesions, partly follicular, on the ventral and medial thighs. Atopy score, IgE level and a standard series of prick tests ruled out atopic disposition. Patch tests revealed no reactions. A diagnosis of occupational a…

Чудесный вирусный энцефалит.

Наиболее важными нейтропическими вирусными инфекциями лошади являются артроподовые энцфалитиды. К ним относятся венесуэльский энцефалит (VE), восточный энцефалит (EE) и западный энцефалит (WE), которые встречаются на Американском континенте, и японский энцефалит B, который встречается на Дальнем Востоке. Все вирусы вызывают энцефалит в человеке. С 1969 по 1972 год эпидемия VE произошла в Центральной Америке. В 1971 году эта болезнь была зарегистрирована в Техасе, где она была взята под контроль путем вакцинации уязвимых лошадей с помощью вакцины от вируса и сокращения числа комаров с помощью и

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
The most important neurotropic viral infections of the horse are the arthropod-borne encephalitides. These include Venezuelan encephalitis ( … d live virus vaccine and by the reduction of the mosquito population with insecticides sprayed from aircraft. A high titre viraemia occurs with VE virus in the horse and epidemics are maintained by a mosquito/horse cycle; infection of man and other species is incidental. EE and WE have been recognised as separate diseases since 1933 and in the U.S.A. horse …

Предварительные исследования по вопросу об использовании ультранизких видов применения малатиона для контроля над Айдесом симпсони.

С учетом угрозы новых эпидемий желтой лихорадки в Восточной Африке и недавних успехов в использовании малатиона, применяемого методом сверхнизкого объема против переносчиков насекомых, в ноябре 1968 года были начаты полевые испытания с целью проверки эффективности этого метода против Эйдеса Симпсони. Результаты этих испытаний свидетельствуют о том, что в районах, где главным местом размножения является Муса энсетта, применение 20,2 US fl oz/acre (1474 мл/га) малатиона могло привести к сокращению векторной популяции 93%-100%. Сопоставимые виды применения 6 фл оз/акра (438 мл/га) привели к сокра

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
In view of the threat of additional yellow fever epidemics in East Africa and recent successes in the use of malathion applied by the ultra- … loyed against this species.Under the conditions of these trials, the use of a light, single-engined aircraft equipped with a rotary atomizer spray system and capable of operation from improvised fields was shown to be feasible against this vector species. It was further demonstrated that the canopy formed by M. ensetta does not present an impossible barrie …

Infrared Small Target Detection Method Fusing Accurate Registration and Weighted Difference.

Low-orbit thermal infrared bidirectional whisk-broom imaging offers wide-swath coverage and high spatial resolution for monitoring moving targets such as aircraft, but large scan angles and terrain undulation cause non-rigid geometric distortion and radiometric inconsistency between forward and backward scans. These effects generate strong clutter in difference images and degrade small and weak target detection. To address this problem, we propose an infrared small target detection method that fuses accurate registration and weighted difference. First, we propose a hybrid multi-scale registrat…

Transportation Noise and Cardiovascular Health: Evidence, Mechanisms, and Policy Imperatives.

Environmental noise, particularly from road, rail, and aircraft traffic, is now firmly recognized as a widespread risk factor for cardiovascular disease. About 1 in 3 Europeans is exposed to chronic noise exposure above the guideline thresholds recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), thus contributing substantially to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Robust evidence from recent meta-analyses links transportation noise to ischemic heart disease, heart failure, stroke, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Findings from experimental studies in both humans and animal mode…

Improved Spatial Resolution in Modeling of Nitrogen Oxide Concentrations in the Los Angeles Basin.

The extent to which emission control technologies and policies have reduced anthropogenic NOx emissions from motor vehicles is large but unc … ekday-weekend differences were predicted using the WRF-Chem model and evaluated using satellite and aircraft observations. Model performance was similar on weekdays and weekends, indicating appropriate day-of-week scaling of NOx emissions and a reasonable distribution of emissions by sector. Large observed weekend decreases in NOx are mainly due to changes …

Design Optimization and Mechanical Properties of SiC Particle Reinforced Ti-Based Metallic Glass Matrix Composite.

Ti-based bulk metallic glass (BMG) alloys have attracted widespread attention due to their strong glass forming ability, high specific strength, and good corrosion resistance. However, the poor plasticity of BMGs limits their further application in the aerospace and aircraft fields, as well as others. We optimized the composition of SiC-reinforced, Ti-based metallic glass matrix composites (MGMCs) through finite element modeling (FEM). FEM of MGMCs containing irregularly shaped SiC particles with different contents was conducted. Stress and strain analyses were conducted to evaluate the effect…

Can Column Formaldehyde Observations Inform Air Quality Monitoring Strategies for Ozone and Related Photochemical Oxidants?

Formaldehyde column density (ΩHCHO) showed a potentially useful correlation with surface ozone during the LISTOS campaign on Long Island Sound and the KORUS-AQ campaign in Seoul, South Korea. This builds on previous work that identified this relationship from in situ aircraft observations with similar findings for ground-based and airborne remote sensing of ΩHCHO. In the Long Island Sound region, ΩHCHO and surface ozone exhibited strong temporal (r 2 = 0.66) and spatial (r 2 = 0.73) correlation. The temporal variability in ΩHCHO (∼1 Dobson units [DU]) was larger than the range in the spatial a…

Cardiac Inflight Incapacitations of U.S. Airline Pilots: 1995-2015.

INTRODUCTION: Inflight medical incapacitations are rare events that can result in the loss of lives and aircraft. The potential for an in-flight medical event deserves the attention of certification authorities. Cardiac emergencies are among the most common serious events. The primary focus of this study was to examine whether the proportions of pilots with reported cardiac conditions could be used to identify those who had inflight medical incapacitations. METHODS: The Civil Aerospace Medical Institute Inflight Incapacitation Registry was searched to identify airline pilots with a cardiac hi…

UAVs and Machine Learning Revolutionising Invasive Grass and Vegetation Surveys in Remote Arid Lands.

The monitoring of invasive grasses and vegetation in remote areas is challenging, costly, and on the ground sometimes dangerous. Satellite and manned aircraft surveys can assist but their use may be limited due to the ground sampling resolution or cloud cover. Straightforward and accurate surveillance methods are needed to quantify rates of grass invasion, offer appropriate vegetation tracking reports, and apply optimal control methods. This paper presents a pipeline process to detect and generate a pixel-wise segmentation of invasive grasses, using buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris) and spinife…

Biodegradation of tributyl phosphate by novel bacteria isolated from enrichment cultures.

Tributyl phosphate (TBP) is an organophosphorous compound, used extensively (3000-5000 tonnes/annum) as a solvent for nuclear fuel processing and as a base stock in the formulation of fire-resistant aircraft hydraulic fluids and other applications. Because of its wide applications and relative stability in the natural environment TBP poses the problem of pollution and health hazards. In the present study, fifteen potent bacterial strains capable of using tributyl phosphate (TBP) as sole carbon and phosphorus source were isolated from enrichment cultures. These isolates were identified on the b…

Memory performance during G exposure as assessed by a word recognition task.

BACKGROUND: Pilots of modern fighter aircraft are exposed to substantial physiological and mental stressors. The objective of this study was to investigate how memory performance, in terms of encoding and/or retrieval processes, was affected by sustained +Gz exposure. METHOD: There were 18 healthy men ranging from experienced fighter pilots to novice riders who participated. A word continuous recognition task (CRT) was employed as a memory test. The task consisted of three consecutive phases: 1) encoding of familiar words at 1 G; 2) encoding and retrieval of words at 70% of the subject's rela…