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Characteristics and Service Needs of Maltreated Children Referred for Mental Health Services at a Child Advocacy Centre in Canada.

OBJECTIVE: There is a dearth of Canadian-based literature on children referred to treatment services following maltreatment exposure. In order to inform assessment, intervention, and program development to improve outcomes, insight into the demographics and mental health needs of this population is required. METHODS: A retrospective file review of 176 children and youth who were referred for assessment and treatment at a mental health partner agency within a Canadian Child Advocacy Centre was conducted from January 2016 to June 2017. A standardized protocol was developed to extract data on fa

The Etiology of Childhood Pneumonia in The Gambia: Findings From the Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health (PERCH) Study.

BACKGROUND: Pneumonia remains the leading cause of death in young children globally. The changing epidemiology of pneumonia requires up-to-date data to guide both case management and prevention programs. The Gambia study site contributed a high child mortality, high pneumonia incidence, low HIV prevalence, Haemophilus influenzae type b and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines-vaccinated rural West African setting to the Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health (PERCH) Study. METHODS: The PERCH study was a 7-country case-control study of the etiology of hospitalized severe pneumonia in children…

The Etiology of Childhood Pneumonia in Mali: Findings From the Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health (PERCH) Study.

BACKGROUND: We present findings from the Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health (PERCH) site in Bamako, Mali. METHODS: Cases were patients 28 days to 59 months of age, admitted to hospital with severe or very severe pneumonia (2005 World Health Organization definition). Community controls were frequency matched by age. Both provided nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs for multiplex polymerase chain reaction and Streptococcus pneumoniae culture. Cases underwent blood culture and induced sputum culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A subset had pleural fluid and lung aspirates collec…

Исследование "Этиология пневмонии в замбийских детях: результаты исследований в области пневмонии в целях охраны здоровья детей".

СПРАВОЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ: Детская пневмония в развивающихся странах является главной причиной заболеваемости и смертности. Необходима свежая информация об этиологии с учетом изменения эпидемиологии пневмонии в условиях увеличения наличия эффективных вакцин, изменения использования антибиотиков и улучшения доступа к медицинскому обслуживанию. Мы представляем здесь информацию о результатах исследования в области пневмонии, проведенного в Лусаке (Замбия) в рамках исследования по вопросам охраны здоровья детей, посвященного этиологии пневмонии среди ВИЧ-инфицированных детей. МЕТОДЫ: Мы провели предме

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Childhood pneumonia in developing countries is the foremost cause of morbidity and death. Fresh information on etiology is neede … roved access to care. We report here the Zambia site results of the Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health study on the etiology of pneumonia among HIV-uninfected children in Lusaka, Zambia. METHODS: We conducted a case-control study of HIV-uninfected children age 1-59 months admitted with World Health Organization-defined severe or very severe pneumoni …

Acute fatty liver of pregnancy cases in a maternal and child health hospital of China: Three case reports.

RATIONALE: Acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP) is extremely hazardous to pregnant woman in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. AFLP has an insidious onset and nonspecific experimental indicators, which therefore is difficult to be diagnosed. PATIENT CONCERNS: Case 1 was transferred to our hospital for hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy at gestation of 38 weeks + 3 days. Case 2 was transferred to our hospital for suspicious fetal heart monitoring response at gestation of 36 weeks + 4 days. Case 3 was transferred to our hospital for prelabor rupture of membranes at gestation of 37 week

Health hazards and risks for musculoskeletal problems among child labourers in the brickfield sector of West Bengal, India.

AIMS: The purpose of this study was to describe the health hazards among child labourers in brickfields, and to assess occupational health problems, together with physiological and respiratory stress, compared with child control subjects. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 112 child brickfield workers and 120 control subjects, and a modified Nordic Questionnaire was applied to assess the discomfort felt among both groups of workers. Physiological assessment of the workload was carried out by the measurement of heart rate, blood pressure and spirometry of the workers. RESULTS:

Violence from childhood to adulthood: The influence of child victimization and domestic violence on physical health in later life.

OBJECTIVE: Previous research has shown a detrimental effect of child victimization (CV) on physical disease and mortality. Additionally, individuals with adverse experiences in childhood frequently face domestic violence (DV) in later life. As DV has also been observed to harm physical health, a potential cumulative effect has been proposed. Currently, however, only limited data on such a cumulative effect and its impact on patients' physical health are available. METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study at the University Hospital of Innsbruck was conducted. Data on CV, DV and physical

Goal formulation and tracking in child mental health settings: when is it more likely and is it associated with satisfaction with care?

Goal formulation and tracking may support preference-based care. Little is known about the likelihood of goal formulation and tracking and associations with care satisfaction. Logistic and Poisson stepwise regressions were performed on clinical data for N = 3757 children from 32 services in the UK (M age = 11; SDage = 3.75; most common clinician-reported presenting problem was emotional problems = 55.6%). Regarding the likelihood of goal formulation, it was more likely for pre-schoolers, those with learning difficulties or those with both hyperactivity disorder and conduct disorder. Regarding

Effectiveness and acceptability of group psychoeducation for the management of mental health problems in survivors of child sexual abuse (CSA).

There has been limited published research on the effectiveness of manualized psychoeducational approaches for the mental health and behavioral problems of child sexual abuse (CSA) survivors. The present study aims to add to the evidence base for the effectiveness and acceptability of such interventions. A total of 37 enrolled into a brief psychoeducation program (i.e., 10 sessions) aiming to help stabilize mental health and behavioral outcomes (e.g., self-harm), while on the waiting list for mental health services. Participants completed a set of self-rated measures at baseline, pre-interventi

Transition from child- to adult-orientated care for children with long-term health conditions: a process, not an event.

Long-term health conditions in childhood include both congenital conditions and acquired diseases. Children with long-term health conditions face issues and potential secondary problems that are different from those of adults with chronic diseases. Transition to adult-orientated care for such children and adolescents is a major challenge. Transition needs to be prepared for and planned. A variety of possible transition models exists, depending on circumstances.

Patterns in coverage of maternal, newborn, and child health interventions: projections of neonatal and under-5 mortality to 2035.

BACKGROUND: Urgent calls have been made for improved understanding of changes in coverage of maternal, newborn, and child health interventions, and their country-level determinants. We examined historical trends in coverage of interventions with proven effectiveness, and used them to project rates of child and neonatal mortality in 2035 in 74 Countdown to 2015 priority countries. METHODS: We investigated coverage of all interventions for which evidence was available to suggest effective reductions in maternal and child mortality, for which indicators have been defined, and data have been obta…

Psychosocial adjustment and mental health in former child soldiers--systematic review of the literature and recommendations for future research.

AIMS AND SCOPE: This article reviews the available quantitative research on psychosocial adjustment and mental health among children (age <18 years) associated with armed forces and armed groups (CAAFAG)--commonly referred to as child soldiers. METHODS: PRISMA standards for systematic reviews were used to search PubMed, PsycInfo, JSTOR, and Sociological Abstracts in February 2012 for all articles on former child soldiers and CAAFAG. Twenty-one quantitative studies from 10 countries were analyzed for author, year of publication, journal, objectives, design, selection population, setting, instr

Self-reported mental health of mothers with a school-aged child with a disability in Victoria: a mixed method study.

AIM: This research investigated the mental health of mothers of school-aged children with disabilities in Victoria, Australia. METHODS: A mixed method triangulation design model was used to investigate the mental health of mothers (n= 152) of school-aged children with developmental disabilities. Self-reported medical history and completion of the Short Form Health Survey Version 2 were used to collect data via mail-out survey and follow-up phone interview. RESULTS: Mothers reported subjective mental health two standard deviations below other Australians and higher rates of depression and anx

Evaluation of a training program for general ultrasound screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip in preventive child health care.

BACKGROUND: A research study in the Netherlands showed that general ultrasound (US) screening was cost-effective in the detection of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). This study was followed by a pilot implementation study. Part of this pilot implementation study is to investigate whether professionals of the infant health care (IHC) system, with no previous US experience, would be able to perform US of the hip. OBJECTIVE: This study looks at health care worker ability to classify US images into a modified Graf system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After theoretical and practical training,

Bereavement in very old age: impact on health and relationships of the loss of a spouse, a child, a sibling, or a close friend.

This article deals with the following two questions: In very old age, which are the main sources of bereavement? And what are the consequences of such losses on health and on relationships? The findings are based on the complete set of data compiled in the course of the Swiss Interdisciplinary Longitudinal Study on the Oldest Old (SWILSOO), which provided a 10-year follow-up of a first cohort (1994-2004) and a 5-year follow-up of a second (1999-2004). The data revealed that, in very old age, the great majority of the dear ones who died were either siblings or close friends. Taken as a whole, t

The association of infant feeding with parent-reported infections and hospitalisations in the West Australian Aboriginal Child Health Survey.

OBJECTIVE: To examine infant feeding associations with parent-reported infections and hospitalisations in Western Australian Aboriginal infants and children. METHOD: Families in Western Australia with children under 18 years of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander descent were included. A stratified multi-stage sample using an area-based sampling frame was compiled. Survey weights produced unbiased estimates for the population of families with Aboriginal children. Data were collected on demographic variables, maternal and infant characteristics and parent-reported recurring chest, ear and gas

Promoting child and adolescent mental health in the context of the HIV/AIDS pandemic with a focus on sub-Saharan Africa.

BACKGROUND: The pandemic of HIV/AIDS is actually a composite of many regional and national-level epidemics. The progress made in many parts of the developed and developing world is tempered by the continued devastating consequences of HIV infection in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This review focuses on the ways in which children and adolescents are impacted by the epidemic, giving particular attention to their mental health. METHODS: A health promotion framework is adopted to guide analysis. Three issues are covered: prevention of HIV infection, care and treatment of children infected with HIV,

National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) conference on kernicterus: a population perspective on prevention of kernicterus.

This paper reviews barriers to the prevention of kernicterus. Reports of kernicterus cases persist. We do not know why kernicterus continues to occur or how best to prevent it. We need evidence for key recommendations that make clinical guidelines usable by practitioners caring for newborns, especially for practitioners providing ambulatory care in the first week of life. Data on prevalence and incidence, mortality and morbidity are essential for launching a kernicterus public health campaign. Modeling cost-effectiveness requires data on costs and benefits of alternative strategies for managin

The Québec Child and Adolescent Health and Social Survey: design and methods of a cardiovascular risk factor survey for youth.

BACKGROUND: Although atherosclerosis begins in childhood, there are no recent Canadian data on cardiovascular risk factors in provincially or nationally representative samples of youth. OBJECTIVE: To describe the design and methods of the 1999 Québec Child and Adolescent Health and Social Survey, which assessed the prevalence and distribution of risk factors in a representative sample of Québec youth. METHODS: School-based, multistage, cluster sampling survey of youth aged nine, 13 and 16 years. Measures included height, weight, subscapular and tricipital skinfolds, blood pressure (measured

[Screening for congenital cataract is best done at the obstetrical department. Complementary examination at the child health center is recommended].

72 children born between January 1992 and December 1998, diagnosed with congenital cataract (CC) and operated on before the age of one, were included in a retrospective study. Three regions with different screening strategies were compared: one region with screening at the maternity wards, one at well baby centres and one without a screening programme. Eye screening at the maternity wards resulted in a significantly lower mean age at detection and operation compared to the other two screening strategies. Eye examinations should also be made standard procedure at well baby centres, in order to