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The impact of rifampin drug interactions on tuberculosis preventive treatment completion and safety.

<sec><title>BACKGROUND</title>Rifamycin TB preventive treatment (TPT) is critical to TB elimination. However, clinicians may be reluctant to recommend it over concerns related to drug-drug interactions (DDI). In this secondary analysis of data from the 2R² randomised clinical trial (comparing standard dose rifampin to high-dose rifampin for TPT), we investigate if participants taking medications with potential rifampin DDI had similar TPT completion, safety, and follow-up visits compared to those without.</sec><sec><title>METHODS</title>Data on concomitant medications, adverse events, treatmen…

Computational Approaches for Predicting Drug Interactions with Human Organic Anion Transporter 4 (OAT4).

Human Organic Anion Transporter 4 (OAT4) is predominantly expressed in the kidneys, particularly in the apical membrane of the proximal tubule cells. This transporter is involved in the renal handling of endogenous and exogenous organic anions (OAs), making it an important transporter for drug-drug interactions (DDIs). To better understand OAT4-compound interactions, we generated single concentration (25 μM) in vitro inhibition data for over 1400 small molecules against the uptake of the fluorescent OA 6-carboxyfluorescein (6-CF) in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Several drugs exhibiting h…

Structural Insights into the Dynamics of Water in SOD1 Catalysis and Drug Interactions.

Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) is a crucial enzyme that protects cells from oxidative damage by converting superoxide radicals into H2O2 and O2. This detoxification process, essential for cellular homeostasis, relies on a precisely orchestrated catalytic mechanism involving the copper cation, while the zinc cation contributes to the structural integrity of the enzyme. This study presents the 2.3 Å crystal structure of human SOD1 (PDB ID: 9IYK), revealing an assembly of six homodimers and twelve distinct active sites. The water molecules form a complex hydrogen-bonding network that drives proton

Understanding Drug Interactions in Antiplatelet Therapy for Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease: A Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND: Antiplatelet drugs are a cornerstone in managing atherosclerotic vascular disease (ASVD). However, their interactions with other medications present significant challenges to treatment efficacy and safety. Patients with ASVD often require multiple treatment regimens due to complex comorbidities, which increases the risk of drug-drug interactions (DDIs). These interactions can lead to drug resistance, reduced therapeutic outcomes, or adverse effects. A thorough understanding of DDIs is crucial for optimizing patient care. AIMS: This review aims to explore the clinical significance.…

Investigating Sulfotransferase Mediated Drug Interactions of Ethinylestradiol using a Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model.

Ethinylestradiol (EE) is a common estrogen used in combined oral contraceptives. CYP3A4 and SULT1E1 are the major enzymes that metabolize EE, while CYP2C9 and UGT1A1 have minor contributions. Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) mediated by inhibition or induction of metabolism can adversely impact the safety and efficacy of EE. A physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model was previously developed and extensively verified to predict CYP3A4-mediated DDIs of EE. Recent clinical evidence showed increased EE exposure following coadministration with the SULT1E1 inhibitors etoricoxib and ziritaxest…

Изучение взаимодействия наркотиков между новыми антидепрессантами и лекарствами, используемыми для лечения неврологических расстройств.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: В настоящем обзоре рассматриваются клинически значимые взаимосвязи между новыми антидепрессантами и лекарствами, используемыми для лечения неврологических расстройств, которые часто сочетаются с депрессией, включая болезнь Паркинсона, болезнь Альцгеймера, мигрень, множественный склероз и нейропатическую боль. ОБЛОЖКА: Статьи были получены из Pubmed, Web of Science, SCOPUS и Google Search, выполненные по каждому из новых антидепрессантов и неврологических препаратов. Были резюмированы фармакокинетические (PK) и фармакодинамические (PD) механизмы, лежащие в основе этих ДИ. Некоторые но

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
INTRODUCTION: This review examines clinically relevant drug interactions (DIs) between newer antidepressants and medications used to manage neurological disorders frequently comorbid with depression, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, migraine, multiple sclerosis, and neuropathic pain. AREAS COVERED: Articles were obtained from PubMed®, Web…

Anti-Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Monoclonal Antibodies in Migraine: Focus on Drug Interactions.

Calcitonin gene-related peptide neurotransmission was the target for recent development of monoclonal antibodies that effectively prevent attacks of both episodic and chronic migraine. The aim of this narrative review was to offer deeper insight into drug-drug, drug-food and drug-disease interactions of monoclonal antibodies approved for prevention of migraine attacks. For this narrative review, relevant literature was searched for in MEDLINE and Google Scholar databases, covering the 1966-2023 and 2006-2023 periods, respectively. The ClinicalTrials.gov database was also searched for relevant

Potential herb‒drug interactions between anti-COVID-19 drugs and traditional Chinese medicine.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread worldwide. Effective … ijing injection have been widely used in clinical practice in China, which may cause potential herb-drug interactions (HDIs) in patients under treatment with antiviral drugs and affect the efficacy and safety of medicines. However, information on potential HDIs between the above anti-COVID-19 drugs and TCM formulae is lacking, and thus this work seeks to summarize …

Mechanoresponsive Drug Loading System with Tunable Host-Guest Interactions for Ocular Disease Treatment.

Conventional administration of eye drops often requires high dosages and/or repetitive treatments to achieve therapeutic efficacy. This is inefficient and may result in side effects or even toxicity. Although many delivery systems of ophthalmic drugs have been reported, most of them work in a fixed format in which both the type and dose of the loaded drugs cannot be changed upon demand. To overcome this limitation, a hybrid double network hydrogel system composed of methacryloyl gelatin, pluronic F127 diacrylate, and β-cyclodextrin-modified oxidized dextran was developed. The hydrogels present

Beware of Drug Interactions Treating Iatrogenic Mycobacterium bovis Endocarditis from Intravesical BCG Instillation.

UNLABELLED: We report a case of mechanical mitral valve endocarditis associated with miliary disseminated bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) inf … tion, especially in the presence of predisposing heart conditions and risk factors.To be careful of drug interactions among warfarin, rifampin and amiodarone.

Multiple Computational Approaches for Predicting Drug Interactions with Human Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporter 1.

Equilibrativenucleoside transporters (ENTs) participate in the pharmacokinetics and disposition of nucleoside analog drugs. Understanding drug interactions with the ENTs may inform and facilitate the development of new drugs, including chemotherapeutics and antivirals that require access to sanctuary sites such as the male genital tract. This study created three-dimensional pharmacophores for ENT1 and ENT2 substrates and inhibitors using Kt and IC50 data curated from the literature. Substrate pharmacophores for ENT1 and ENT2 are distinct, with partial overlap of hydrogen bond donors, whereas t…

Investigational Treatments for COVID-19 may Increase Ventricular Arrhythmia Risk Through Drug Interactions.

Many drugs that have been proposed for treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are reported to cause cardiac adverse events, includ … d with drugs given in isolation. The combination effect can result from both PK and pharmacodynamic drug interactions. Importantly, simulations of different patient groups predicted that women with pre-existing heart disease are especially susceptible to drug-induced arrhythmias, compared with diseased men or healthy individuals of either sex. Statistical analysis …

The Cytomegalovirus Protein Kinase pUL97:Host Interactions, Regulatory Mechanisms and Antiviral Drug Targeting.

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) expresses a variety of viral regulatory proteins that undergo close interaction with host factors including viral-cellular multiprotein complexes. The HCMV protein kinase pUL97 represents a viral cyclin-dependent kinase ortholog (vCDK) that determines the efficiency of HCMV replication via phosphorylation of viral and cellular substrates. A hierarchy of functional importance of individual pUL97-mediated phosphorylation events has been discussed; however, the most pronounced pUL97-dependent phenotype could be assigned to viral nuclear egress, as illustrated by delet

Modulation of hepatic ABC transporters by Eruca vesicaria intake: Potential diet-drug interactions.

The aim of this work was to evaluate whether oral administration of Eruca vesicaria, a species of rocket cultivated in Argentina, could modi … porters in vivo in mice as well as in vitro in human liver cells. This could account for other diet-drug interactions.

Abnormal interhemispheric functional interactions in drug-naïve adult-onset first episode psychosis patients.

Previous neuroimaging studies have shown that the cortical functional dysconnectivity contributed to the etiology of schizophrenia (SCZ). However, the interhemispheric functional interactions in SCZ remain not fully understood. The clinical heterogeneity of SCZ might lead to the variations in the findings and the effect of medication had a profound influence on the patient's functional features. In this study, we were aimed at investigating the interhemispheric functional interactions in drug-naïve adult-onset first episode psychosis (FEP) patients. Using voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity

Safety assessment of concurrent statin treatment and evaluation of drug interactions in China.

OBJECTIVES: Acute muscle injury and potentially fatal rhabdomyolysis may occur with the use of statins and certain enzyme inhibitors, but data on this topic from China are quite limited. This study aimed to measure the concomitant exposure of patients to different statins and their enzyme inhibitors or interacting medications in 76 hospitals in six Chinese cities. METHODS: Prescription database was retrieved from Hospital Prescription Analysis Cooperation Project from January 2015 to December 2015, covering 76 tertiary facilities in six cities in China. Every evidence-based enzyme inhibitor w

Virus-Host Interactions: New Insights and Advances in Drug Development Against Viral Pathogens.

BACKGROUND: Viruses are the most devastating pathogens of almost all life forms including humans and animals. Viruses can replicate very fast and may affect any metabolic and physiological function of the host cell. Therefore, it has been a challenge to develop a universal and common treatment against viral pathogens, in contrast to bacterial pathogens. Virus-host interaction is a complex phenomenon and often is virus- and host cell-specific. Exciting new insights into the molecular pathogenesis and host-virus interactions have been gained over the past few decades. These advances have enabled

Interactions between Quinolones and Bacillus anthracis Gyrase and the Basis of Drug Resistance.

Gyrase appears to be the primary cellular target for quinolone antibacterials in multiple pathogenic bacteria, including Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax. Given the significance of this type II topoisomerase as a drug target, it is critical to understand how quinolones interact with gyrase and how specific mutations lead to resistance. However, these important issues have yet to be addressed for a canonical gyrase. Therefore, we utilized a mechanistic approach to characterize interactions of quinolones with wild-type B. anthracis gyrase and enzymes containing the most common

Adaptive Landscape by Environment Interactions Dictate Evolutionary Dynamics in Models of Drug Resistance.

The adaptive landscape analogy has found practical use in recent years, as many have explored how their understanding can inform therapeutic strategies that subvert the evolution of drug resistance. A major barrier to applications of these concepts is a lack of detail concerning how the environment affects adaptive landscape topography, and consequently, the outcome of drug treatment. Here we combine empirical data, evolutionary theory, and computer simulations towards dissecting adaptive landscape by environment interactions for the evolution of drug resistance in two dimensions-drug concentr

Pralatrexate Monitoring Using a Commercially Available Methotrexate Assay to Avoid Potential Drug Interactions.

Pralatrexate (PDX) is a folate antagonist structurally similar to methotrexate (MTX). Unlike MTX, it is currently not known whether PDX exhibits delayed clearance and heightened toxicity in the setting of fluid overload. A specific serum assay for PDX is not commercially available. To our knowledge, we report the first case using an MTX serum assay as a surrogate for PDX concentrations to avoid a potential drug-drug interaction with pralatrexate. We describe a 76-year-old man with refractory cutaneous T-cell lymphoma who began therapy with weekly PDX 15 mg/m(2) intravenous infusions on days 1,