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Сравнительное исследование между когнитивными фенотипами мальгического энцефаломелита/хронического синдрома утомления и множественным склерозом.

Цель: Когнитивные дефекты являются одним из наиболее распространенных и недействующих симптомов, связанных с синдромом миальгической энцефаломиелита/хронической усталости (ME/CFS). Здесь мы рассматриваем возможность конкретного когнитивного профиля, присущего ME/CFS. Из-за когнитивных недостатков, усталости и боли в обеих патологиях многократный склероз (MS) является соответствующей моделью сопоставления. С этой целью мы провели сравнительное исследование между когнитивными профилями пациентов, имеющих ME/CFS, и пациентов, страдающих MS. Методы: В общей сложности были охвачены 40 пациентов МП/

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Objective: Cognitive impairments are one of the most common and disabling symptoms associated with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). Here, we address the possibility of a specific cognitive profile inherent to ME/CFS. Due to the occurrence of cognitive deficits, fatigue, and pain in both pathologies, multiple sclerosis (MS) is a re…

Фармакологическое ингибирование микроглиального распространения поддерживает целостность барьера крови и мозга в экспериментальном аутоиммунном энцефаломелите.

Дефункция мозга в крови (ББД) является основной характеристикой экспериментального аутоиммунного энцефаломиелита (EAE) — экспериментальной модели множественного склероза (MS). Ранее мы показали, что блокирование микроглиального распространения с использованием GW2580, селективного ингибитора CSF1R (колонический стимулирующий фактор 1 рецептор), снижает прогрессию и остроту заболеваний и предотвращает фазу рецидива. Однако вопрос о том, вызвано ли это воздействием GW2580 на функциональную целостность ББД, не был определен. Таким образом, здесь мы изучаем свойства ББД у крыс во время лечения EAE

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Blood-brain barrier dysfunction (BBB) is a primary characteristic of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an experimental model of multiple sclerosis (MS). We have previously shown that blocking microglial proliferation using GW2580, a selective inhibitor of CSF1R (Colony stimulating factor 1 receptor), reduced disease progression and severity an…

Subcortical and default mode network connectivity is impaired in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.

Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a complex chronic condition with core symptoms of fatigue and cognitive dysfunction, suggesting a key role for the central nervous system in the pathophysiology of this disease. Several studies have reported altered functional connectivity (FC) related to motor and cognitive deficits in ME/CFS patients. In this study, we compared functional connectivity differences between 31 ME/CFS and 15 healthy controls (HCs) using 7 Tesla MRI. Functional scans were acquired during a cognitive Stroop color-word task, and blood oxygen level-depen…

Disseminated Neospora caninum Encephalomyelitis and Myositis in a 3-Month-Old Cane Corso Puppy.

We present a case of fatal disseminated neosporosis in a 3-month-old Cane Corso puppy. The puppy presented to the Purdue Veterinary Hospital emergency service with a 1-week history of progressive left hindlimb lameness. On presentation, the puppy was nonambulatory paraparetic. Signs progressed over two days to nonambulatory tetraparesis, and decreased to absent limb reflexes, cranial nerve deficits, and dull mentation. Blood work showed eosinophilia, elevated ALT, and extremely elevated creatine kinase at 36,000 IU/L (reference interval 22-491 IU/L). Two days after diagnostics were performed,

Distinguishing Transient From Persistent Brain Structural Changes in Pediatric Patients With Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Pediatric patients with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) are at risk of impaired brain growth, with long-term neuropsychiatric consequences. We previously reported transient expansions of cerebral ventricle volume (VV) in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, which subsequently normalized. In this study, we investigated changes in VV in ADEM in relation to other brain structures and clinical outcomes. METHODS: We investigated brain MRI scans acquired in routine clinical practice from a multicenter cohort of 61 pediatric patients with ADEM, of whom 39…

Astrovirus induced nonpurulent encephalomyelitis in sheep: First report from Türkiye by high-throughput sequencing.

BACKGROUND: This study presents the case of non-purulent encephalomyelitis associated with astrovirus infection in a sheep from Eastern Anatolia, Türkiye. METHODS: A necropsy was performed on a sheep showing nervous signs. Afterwards, brain tissue samples were taken and examined with histopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular techniques. RESULTS: Neuropathologic changes included neuronal degeneration, diffuse gliosis, multifocal perivascular cuffing, neuronophagy and neuronal necrosis in the cerebrum, the cerebellum and the cervical spinal cord. Aerobic and anaerobic bacterial cult…

Centella Asiatica поощряет антиоксидантное гениевые экспрессии и митохондриальное окисляющее дыхание в экспериментальном аутоиммунном энцефаломелите.

Справочная информация/задачи: Centella asiatica (L.) — традиционная ботаническая медицина, применяемая при старении и слабоумии. Водные выдержки из C. asiatica (CAW) использовались для лечения нейропсихиатрических симптомов в соответствующих моделях животных и связаны с увеличением генов антиоксидантов (ARE) и улучшением митохондриальной дыхательной функции и нейронного здоровья. Поскольку множественный склероз (MS) разделяет ее нейрогенеративную патологию окислительного стресса и митохондриальной дисфункции со старением и слабоумием, нейропсихиатрические симптомы в MS могут также выиграть от

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Background/Objectives:Centella asiatica (L.) Urban (family Apiaceae) (C. asiatica) is a traditional botanical medicine used in aging and dem … effects of CAW on clinical disability and inflammation, we tested CAW using experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Methods: C57BL/6J mice induced with EAE were treated with CAW or a placebo for 2 weeks. The outcomes were clinical disability, signs of anxiety (open field test), ARE gene expression, mitochondrial respiration, and inflammation and demyelinat …

Case report: Unilateral GPi DBS in secondary myoclonus-dystonia syndrome after acute disseminated encephalomyelitis.

INTRODUCTION: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established and effective therapy for movement disorders. Here, we present a case of secondary myoclonus-dystonia syndrome following acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) in childhood, which was alleviated by DBS. Using a patient-specific connectome analysis, we sought to characterise the fibres and circuits affected by stimulation. CASE REPORT: We report a case of a 20-year-old man with progressive dystonia, myoclonic jerks, and impaired concentration following childhood ADEM. Motor assessments utilising the Unified Myoclonus Rating Scal…

Acupuncture at ST36 ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis via affecting the function of B cells.

Acupuncture at ST36 can alleviate a variety of autoimmune diseases, including experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), while the specific mechanism for the treatment of EAE is not clear. In this study, we found that acupuncture at ST36 can significantly increase the excitability of splenic sympathetic nerve, and promote the differentiation of peripheral B and CD4+T cells in the anti-inflammatory direction. After blocking the splenic sympathetic nerve with 6-OHDA, this anti-inflammatory effect of acupuncture is partially reversed. In addition, the results of western blot and qPCR showed…

Free-water-corrected diffusion and adrenergic/muscarinic antibodies in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Free-water-corrected diffusion tensor imaging (FW-DTI), a new analysis method for diffusion MRI, can indicate neuroinflammation and degeneration. There is increasing evidence of autoimmune etiology in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). We used FW-DTI and conventional DTI to investigate microstructural brain changes related to autoantibody titers in patients with ME/CFS. METHODS: We prospectively examined 58 consecutive right-handed ME/CFS patients who underwent both brain MRI including FW-DTI and a blood analysis of autoantibody titers against…

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation ameliorates symptoms in patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis (chronic fatigue syndrome).

BACKGROUND: Central nervous system dysfunction has been postulated to cause debilitating symptoms in patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) (originally called "chronic fatigue syndrome"). Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a newly developed neuromodulatory procedure and has been suggested to facilitate the cortical neural activity. METHODS: This study enrolled 30 patients with ME (7 men and 23 women) with a mean age of 39 ± 12 years, who received rTMS treatment of both the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the left primary motor area in the brain. The performan…

Novel evaluation indicators of MOG35∼55 induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in C57BL/6J mice.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by demyelinating neuropathy. Despite a long period of research on the immune mechanisms involved in CNS diseases, the etiology of MS remains unknown. MS may present with different clinical and pathological manifestations due to the involvement of different pathogenic processes, including balance and mobility disorders, psychiatric abnormalities, and intestinal dysfunction. We used an animal model of MS, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), to assess clinical symptoms of MS with the a…

Acute abducens nerve palsy with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis-like presentation following COVID-19 vaccination.

We report two adult cases of abducens nerve palsy presenting immediately (within weeks) after they received the first dose of Covishield vaccination. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain obtained after the onset of diplopia demonstrated demyelinating changes. The patients had associated systemic symptoms. Post-vaccination demyelination typically known as acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) associated with several vaccines is more common in children. Although the mechanism of the nerve palsy remains unclear, it is suspected to be related to the post-vaccine neuroinflammatory sy…

PARKIN modifies peripheral immune response and increases neuroinflammation in active experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).

Neuroinflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders. To elucidate the effects of the mitophagy-related gene Parkin on neuroinflammation, we used a mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Female Parkin-/- and female wild type control mice were immunized with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein to develop active EAE. Compared to the wild type controls, the Parkin-/- mice showed an earlier onset and greater severity of EAE with a greatly increased number of CD8αβ+TCRαβ+ T cells in the spleen and brain as well as a stronger T…

Limbic Perfusion Is Reduced in Patients with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS).

Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is an illness characterized by a diverse range of debilitating symptoms including autonomic, immunologic, and cognitive dysfunction. Although neurological and cognitive aberrations have been consistently reported, relatively little is known regarding the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in ME/CFS. In this study, we studied a cohort of 31 ME/CSF patients (average age: 42.8 ± 13.5 years) and 48 healthy controls (average age: 42.9 ± 12.0 years) using the pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (PCASL) technique on a whole-body clinic…

[Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and myelitis associated with new coronavirus infection COVID-19. Case report].

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (AEM) and acute transverse myelitis (OPM) are autoimmune demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system. Two clinical observations of AEM and OPM developed after suffering acute coronavirus infection (SARS-CoV-2) are presented. Differential diagnosis was carried out with multiple sclerosis, encephalitis of an infectious nature, compressive myelopathy, and opticomyelitis. Both observations show an almost complete recovery of lost functions. The pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of AEM and OPM in patients with coronavirus infection are discusse…

Metabolic Dysfunction in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Not Due to Anti-mitochondrial Antibodies.

Metabolic profiling studies have recently indicated dysfunctional mitochondria in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). This includes an impaired function of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC), possibly driven by serum factor(s), which leads to inadequate adenosine triphosphate generation and excessive lactate accumulation. A reminiscent energy blockade is likely to occur in primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), caused by anti-PDC autoantibodies, as recently proposed. PBC is associated with fatigue and post-exertional malaise, also signifying ME/CFS. We herein have invest…

Nasal delivery of Fasudil-modified immune cells exhibits therapeutic potential in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

AIM: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a relapsing-remitting inflammatory demyelinating disease that requires long-term treatment. Although Rho kinase inhibitor Fasudil shows good therapeutic effect in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS, certain side effects may limit its clinical use. This study aimed at observing the therapeutic potential of Fasudil-modified encephalitogenic mononuclear cells (MNCs) via nasal delivery in EAE and exploring possible mechanisms of action. METHODS: Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis was induced with myelin oligodendrocyte gly…

Tocopherol Emulsions as Functional Autoantigen Delivery Vehicles Evoke Therapeutic Efficacy in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.

Contemporary approaches to treating autoimmune diseases like multiple sclerosis broadly modulate the immune system and leave patients suscep … protein autoantigen (PLP139-151) yielded significant efficacy in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). In vitro studies indicated tocopherol emulsions reduced oxidative stress in antigen-presenting cells. Ex vivo analysis revealed that tocopherol emulsions shifted cytokine responses in EAE splenocytes. In addition, IgG responses against PLP139 …

P-glycoprotein Inhibitor Tariquidar Potentiates Efficacy of Astragaloside IV in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Mice.

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), often reduce drug efficacy and are the major cause of drug resistance. Astragaloside IV (ASIV), one of the bioactive saponins isolated from Astragalus membranaceus, has been demonstrated to alleviate the progression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice, an animal model for multiple sclerosis (MS). In the present study, we found for the first time that ASIV induced the upregulation of P-gp and BCRP in the central nervous system (CNS) microvascular endothelial…