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Motor Sequence Learning across Multiple Sessions Is Not Facilitated by Targeting Consolidation with Posttraining tDCS in Patients with Progressive Multiple Sclerosis.

Compared to relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS), progressive MS is characterized by a lack of spontaneous recovery and a poor response to pharmaceutical immunomodulatory treatment. These patients may, therefore, particularly benefit from interventions that augment training-induced plasticity of the central nervous system. In this cross-sectional double-blind cross-over pilot study, effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on motor sequence learning were examined across four sessions on days 1, 3, 5, and 8 in 16 patients with progressive MS. Active or sham anodal tDCS o…

Conduction delays in the visual pathways of progressive multiple sclerosis patients covary with brain structure.

In developed countries, multiple sclerosis (MS) is the leading cause of non-traumatic neurological disability in young adults. MS is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, in which myelin is attacked, changing white matter structure and leaving lesions. The demyelination has a direct effect on white matter conductivity. This effect can be examined in the visual system, where damage is highly prevalent in MS, leading to substantial delays in conduction, commonly measured with visual evoked potentials (VEPs). The structural damage to the visual system in MS is often estim…

Calpain inhibition as a possible new therapeutic target in multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS), the most common chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS), is characterized by demyelination and neurodegeneration. In particular, neurodegeneration is a major factor in disease progression with neuronal death and irreversible axonal damage leading to disability. MS is manageable with current therapies that are directed towards immunomodulation but there are no available therapies for neuroprotection. The complex pathophysiology and heterogeneity of MS indicate that therapeutic agents should be directed to both the inflammatory and neu…

Risk factors associated with the onset of relapsing-remitting and primary progressive multiple sclerosis: a systematic review.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic central nervous system disease with a highly heterogeneous course. The aetiology of MS is not well understood but is likely a combination of both genetic and environmental factors. Approximately 85% of patients present with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), while 10-15% present with primary progressive MS (PPMS). PPMS is associated with an older onset age, a different sex ratio, and a considerably more rapid disease progression relative to RRMS. We systematically reviewed the literature to identify modifiable risk factors that may be associated with these diff…

Изучение роли микроРНК и ассоциированных протеинов в многоразовом склерозе.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Множественный склероз (MS) представляет собой хроническое аутоиммунное заболевание, затрагивающее центральную нервную систему (КНС). Диагностика и последующая деятельность в области НР сопряжены с трудностями из-за его сложного патогенеза и отсутствия конкретных биомаркеров. Целью этого исследования является внедрение соответствующих микроРНК (миРНК) и связанных с ними белков с MS. МЕТОДЫ: СВОДНЫЕ ДАННЫЕ МИРНА 4 периферийные профили крови пациентов, которые вновь излучают кровоизлияние, и 8 Из базы данных ГЭП были взяты данные о здоровых видах контроля. Их родственные белки анализиро

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
INTRODUCTION: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS). The diagnosis and follow-up of MS progression are challenging because of its complex pathogenesis and the lack of specific biomarkers. This study aims to introduce related microRNAs (miRNAs) and associated proteins with MS. METHODS: MS-related m…

Обновление методов лечения аутоиммунных/иммунных заболеваний центральной нервной системы.

Болезни аутоиммунной/иммунной центральной нервной системы (КНС) являются хроническими, подстрекательскими, аутоиммунными заболеваниями, такими, как множественный склероз (MS), расстройство спектра нейромиелита (NMOSD) и аутоиммунный энцефалит (AE). Общей патологической особенностью этих заболеваний является нацеливание иммунной системы носителя на автоантигены, выраженные ЦНС. В последние годы появились терапевтические препараты и методы иммуномодуляции с различными целями. Поэтому для разработки индивидуализированных методов лечения, основанных на характеристиках каждого пациента, замедления

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Autoimmune/immune-mediated central nervous system (CNS) diseases are chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), and autoimmune encephalitis (AE). A common pathological feature of these diseases is the targeting of the host's immune system against autoantigens expressed by the C…

The emotional disorders associated with multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with a high prevalence of emotional and mood disorders. Emotional disorders may worsen during illness progression and affect the quality of life of patients and their families. MS is often associated with depression, with an increased risk of suicide, poor adherence to treatment, decreased functional status, and quality of life. The diagnosis and treatment of emotional and mood disorders in these patients is often challenging since several symptoms of these disorders overlap with those of MS. Other prevalent emotional disorders in MS include bipolar disord…

Is Obesity a Modifiable Risk Factor in Multiple Sclerosis? Mechanistic Insights into Neuroinflammation and Oxidative Damage.

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) that leads to demyelination of CNS neurons and is influenced by genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, including diet and obesity. Methods: This review aims to analyze at the molecular level the relationship between obesity, as a chronic inflammatory condition, and the pathophysiology of MS, as a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease, in order to understand the complex links between obesity and MS through a search of the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Discussi…

Signaling pathways driving multiple sclerosis: From mechanisms to natural‑product interventions.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, immune-mediated demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system characterized by inflammation and progressive neurodegeneration. MS is a heterogeneous disease with varying presentations, disease courses, and prognosis. Although current disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) have been reported to reduce the frequency and severity of inflammatory demyelinating hallmarks of MS, improve relapse rate and long-term outcomes, they do not fully prevent disease progression, nor do they reverse existing neurological damage. This ongoing gap has driven growing inter…

Fasciola hepatica excretory-secretory products attenuate demyelination and reduce neuroinflammation in the Cuprizone -induced multiple sclerosis model.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by chronic neuroinflammation and progressive demyelination, with current therapies failing to adequately address both processes simultaneously. Helminth-derived excretory-secretory products (ESP) are immunomodulatory molecules that suppress host inflammation and are promising candidates for MS treatment. However, their capacity to promote remyelination remains poorly understood. This study investigated the effects of Fasciola hepatica ESP in the cuprizone-induced demyelination model. Male C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups: control (CON), contro…

The Spleen Negatively Regulates the Acute Phase of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice.

Multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS), is characterized by neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Both the innate and adaptive immune systems, with effector cells such as B and T lymphocytes, are critically involved in the pathogenesis of MS. Existing disease-modifying therapies have limited efficacy against progressive MS, and there is a strong need to identify new drug targets. Investigating how peripheral organs influence lymphocyte dynamics in the pathogenesis of MS may provide new insights for identifying novel therapeutic targets. T…

Remyelination of chronic demyelinated lesions with directly induced neural stem cells.

The limited ability of CNS progenitor cells to differentiate into oligodendrocytes limits the repair of demyelinating lesions and contributes to the disability of people with progressive multiple sclerosis (PMS). Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation has emerged as a safe therapeutic approach in people with PMS, where it holds the promise of healing the injured CNS. However, the mechanisms by which NSC grafts could promote CNS remyelination need to be carefully assessed before their widespread clinical adoption. In this study, we used directly induced NSCs (iNSCs) as a novel transplantation s…

Усталость и корреляция с тревогой и депрессией у пациентов с множественным склерозом в Китае.

Множественный склероз (MS) представляет собой хроническое, прогрессивное, иммунизированное заболевание центральной нервной системы. Усталость является распространенным и недействующим симптомом у пациентов с MS (PwMS). Некоторые психологические факторы, такие как депрессия, стресс и беспокойство, также, как представляется, связаны с этими проблемами. ЦЕЛИ: Исследование было направлено на изучение состояния усталости PwMS в Китае и его влияющих факторов, а также на изучение взаимосвязи между усталостью и тревогой и депрессией.МЕТОДЫ: Это исследование является межсекторальным исследованием, пров

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, progressive, immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system. Fatigue is a common and disabling symptom in patients with MS (PwMS). Some psychological factors, such as depression, stress, and anxiety, also appear to be related to these issues. OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to investigate the fatigue cond…

Обновленная информация о безопасности иммунопоглощающих веществ и риске злоупотребления ими у пациентов с множественным склерозом.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Множественный склероз (МС) представляет собой хроническое, иммунное заболевание центральной нервной системы, характеризующееся рецидивами или постепенным неврологическим упадком. В последние десятилетия высокоэффективная иммунопрессивная терапия привела к резкому снижению числа рецидивов и сокращению новых случаев поражения MRI в MS, но также вызвала озабоченность по поводу безопасности в связи с инфекциями, злоумышленностью и другими серьезными негативными явлениями. ОБЛАСТЬ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ: В настоящем обзоре обсуждаются иммунопрессанты в MS, от старых цитотоксичных агентов (тазиоприн,

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
INTRODUCTION: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system, characterized by relapses or progressive neurological decline. Over recent decades, high-efficacy immunosuppressive therapies have dramatically reduced relapse rates and curtailed new MRI lesion activity in MS, but also raise safety concerns regarding i…

Молекулярное взаимодействие между окислительным и эндоплазмическим ретикулумным стрессом при множественном склерозе.

Множественный склероз (MS) — изнурительное неврологическое состояние, вызванное повреждением центральной нервной системы (КНС) при иммунизированном воздействии, приводящее к разрушению миэлина и постепенному нарушению волокна нервной системы. В недавних исследованиях в качестве основных факторов, способствующих патологии MS, были определены окислительный стресс и эндоплазмический ретикулум (ER). Когда противоокислительная защита не позволяет нейтрализовать чрезмерные химически активные виды кислорода (РОС), происходит окислительное повреждение, причиняющее вред липидам, белкам и ДНК внутри ней

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating neurological condition driven by immune-mediated damage to the central nervous system (CNS), leading to myelin destruction and progressive nerve fiber impairment. Recent studies have identified oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress as pivotal contributors to MS pathology. When antioxidant defenses fa…

Кладрибин сохраняет нормальную централизованную нервную активность клеток и способствует нейрозащите от окисляющего стресса.

Множественный склероз (MS) — хроническое нервное и демиелинизирующее заболевание, которое вызывает у пациентов инвалидность. Кладрибин - это оральное лечение, которое используется в релапсирующих и активных вторичных НР. Т и В лимфоциты особенно чувствительны к кладрибину, который временно истощается в ходе коротких курсов лечения. Вместе с тем кладрипин пересекает мозговой барьер (ББД), подтверждая гипотезу о том, что кладрибин может оказывать воздействие на клетки резидентов центральной нервной системы (ЦНС). В этом исследовании мы использовали первичные клетки человека и линии человеческих

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neuroinflammatory and demyelinating disease that causes disability in patients. Cladribine is an oral treatment that is used in relapsing-remitting and active secondary progressive MS. T and B lymphocytes are especially sensitive to cladribine, which are transiently depleted upon short treatment courses. However, cladribi…

[The clinical spectrum of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: differences and similarities in patients with and without human immunodeficiency virus].

AIM: To analyse the clinical findings, complementary examinations and prognosis of patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy … iated with HIV; five had other immunosuppressive conditions (two, chronic lymphatic leukaemia; one, multiple sclerosis; one, neuromyelitis optica; and one, neurosarcoidosis); and one, no obvious immunosuppressive condition. The population with HIV presented heterogeneous dirty-appearing white matter lesions more frequently (77.7% versus 16.67%; p = 0.0247) in the ce …

Protective and therapeutic role of Bilobalide in cuprizone-induced demyelination.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system characterized by recurrent and progressive demyelination, neuroinflammation and oligodendrocyte loss. The cuprizone (CPZ) model is characterized by primary and reversible demyelination, accompanied by oligodendrocyte loss and neuroinflammation. In the current study, we explored the efficiency of Bilobalide in the demyelination and remyelination. The results demonstrate that Bilobalide improved behavioral abnormality and promoted remyelination in the corpus callosum by using Luxol Fast Blue, Black Gold II a…

Targeting Oxidative Stress for Treatment of Glaucoma and Optic Neuritis.

Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease of the eye and it is one of the leading causes of blindness. Glaucoma is characterized by progressiv … ammation of the optic nerve that presents with visual impairment and it is commonly associated with multiple sclerosis, a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Although steroids are commonly used for treatment of optic neuritis, reduction of oxidative stress by approaches such as gene therapy is effective in ameliorating optic nerve demyelinat …

Fulminant Central Plus Peripheral Nervous System Demyelination without Antibodies to Neurofascin.

BACKGROUND: Combined central and peripheral nervous system demyelination is a rare and poorly described phenomenon. Recently, anti-neurofasc … ical, electrophysiological, radiological, and laboratory characteristics of five patients with both multiple sclerosis and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy from our institutional database containing 1890 MS patients. RESULTS: Three patients presented with extensive, active demyelination of both central nervous system and peripheral nervous …