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Medicinal Plants with Anti-Leukemic Effects: A Review.

Leukemia is a leukocyte cancer that is characterized by anarchic growth of immature immune cells in the bone marrow, blood and spleen. There are many forms of leukemia, and the best course of therapy and the chance of a patient's survival depend on the type of leukemic disease. Different forms of drugs have been used to treat leukemia. Due to the adverse effects associated with such therapies and drug resistance, the search for safer and more effective drugs remains one of the most challenging areas of research. Thus, new therapeutic approaches are important to improving outcomes. Almost half

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… . | Antiproliferation andApoptosis induction | [ 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 ] Olea europaea | Oleaceae | Phenols, oleuropeosides oleuropein/verbascoside, Hydroxytyrosol, Flavons Flavonols (rutin), catechin Phenols (vanillin, tyrosol hydroxytyrosol, caffeic acid and vanillic acid). | Jurkat, K562 cells line andHL60 … A phytochemical investigation of litchis revealed a novel phenolic compound and many flavonoids, such as flavonols, isoflavones, flavones and flavanones [ 116 , 117 ]. …

The Mediterranean Diet, a Rich Source of Angiopreventive Compounds in Cancer.

Diet-based chemoprevention of cancer has emerged as an interesting approach to evade the disease or even target its early phases, reducing its incidence or slowing down tumor progression. In its basis in the essential role of angiogenesis for tumor growth and metastasis, angioprevention proposes the use of inhibitors of angiogenesis in cancer prevention. The anti-angiogenic potential exhibited by many natural compounds contained in many Mediterranean diet constituents makes this dietary pattern especially interesting as a source of chemopreventive agents, defined within the angioprevention str

Anti-Cancer Potential of Cannabinoids, Terpenes, and Flavonoids Present in Cannabis.

In recent years, and even more since its legalization in several jurisdictions, cannabis and the endocannabinoid system have received an increasing amount of interest related to their potential exploitation in clinical settings. Cannabinoids have been suggested and shown to be effective in the treatment of various conditions. In cancer, the endocannabinoid system is altered in numerous types of tumours and can relate to cancer prognosis and disease outcome. Additionally, cannabinoids display anticancer effects in several models by suppressing the proliferation, migration and/or invasion of can

The Role of Plant-Derived Natural Products as a Regulator of the Tyrosine Kinase Pathway in the Management of Lung Cancer.

One of the most common malignant tumors worldwide is lung cancer, and it is associated with the highest death rate among all cancers. Traditional treatment options for lung cancer include radiation, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and surgical resection. However, the survival rate is low, and the outlook is still dreadfully dire. The pursuit of a paradigm change in treatment approaches is, therefore, imperative. Tyrosine kinases (TKs), a subclass of protein kinases, regulate vital cellular function by phosphorylating tyrosine residues in proteins. Mutations, overexpression, and autocrine parac

Phytochemicals in Cancer Treatment and Cancer Prevention-Review on Epidemiological Data and Clinical Trials.

Phytochemicals are a non-nutritive substances that are present in plants and contribute significantly to their flavor and color. These biologically active compounds are classified into five major groups, namely phenolics, carotenoids, organosulfur compounds, nitrogen-containing compounds, and alkaloids, and are known for their potential health benefits in the prevention of various diseases, including cancer. The purpose of this review article is to explore the potential therapeutic benefits of the dietary phytochemicals, such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, phytosterols, carotenoids, and stilbe

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… The decrease was most pronounced among postmenopausal women for flavonols, flavones, flavan-3-ols, and lignans [ 54 ]. … Inverse associations with breast cancer risk were also found for flavonols, flavan-3-ols, and anthocyanidins [ 55 ]. …

Antioxidant Intake and Antitumor Therapy: Toward Nutritional Recommendations for Optimal Results.

The role of the induction of oxidative stress as the mechanism of action of many antitumor drugs is acquiring an increasing interest. In such cases, the antitumor therapy success may be conditioned by the antioxidants present in our own body, which can be synthesized de novo (endogenous) or incorporated through the diet and nutritional supplements (exogenous). In this paper, we have reviewed different aspects of antioxidants, including their classification, natural sources, importance in diet, consumption of nutritional supplements, and the impact of antioxidants on health. Moreover, we have f

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… For its part, flavonoids can be classified into several groups: flavonols, flavanones, flavones, catechins, anthocyanins, and isoflavones. Polyphenols are usually secondary metabolites involved in the defense against UV radiation or pathogens [ 25 ]. … Flavonols, flavones, flavanones, and human health: epidemiological evidence. Journal of Medicinal Food. 2005;8(3):281–290. doi: 10.1089/jmf.2005.8.281. 27. Orhan D. D., Özçelik B., Özgen S., Ergun F. Antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activities of some flavonoids. …

Comprehensive Review of Cyclamen: Development, Bioactive Properties, and Therapeutic Applications.

Plants are being researched as potential sources of novel drugs, which has led to a recent acceleration in the discovery of new bioactive compounds. Research on tissue culture technology for the synthesis and processing of plant compounds has skyrocketed, surpassing all expectations. These plants can be bought either raw or as extracts, where some of the chemicals are extracted by mashing the plant in water, alcohol, or another solvent. The use of herbal medicine may open new chances for reducing the onset of infections and treating different diseases including cancer. A perennial plant that b

The Anti-Cancer Effect of Polyphenols against Breast Cancer and Cancer Stem Cells: Molecular Mechanisms.

The high incidence of breast cancer in developed and developing countries, and its correlation to cancer-related deaths, has prompted concerned scientists to discover novel alternatives to deal with this challenge. In this review, we will provide a brief overview of polyphenol structures and classifications, as well as on the carcinogenic process. The biology of breast cancer cells will also be discussed. The molecular mechanisms involved in the anti-cancer activities of numerous polyphenols, against a wide range of breast cancer cells, in vitro and in vivo, will be explained in detail. The in

Polyphenols bind G4-Quadruplex structures and act as epigenetic modifiers with anti-cancer effects.

G4-quadruplexes (G4s) are non-canonical structures of nucleic acids that develop in guanine rich regions of DNA and RNA. Due to their presence in oncogenic promoters and telomeres, G4s represent attractive targets in anticancer drug designs. G4s have also been the subject of recent research regarding their role as epigenetic modulators, supporting their participation in epigenetic processes that control gene expression. The development of small compounds that preferentially target G4s have led to a better understanding of how G4s control these mechanisms. Natural products have greatly contribu

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… Importance of the hydroxyl substituents in the B–ring of plant flavonols on their preferential binding interactions with VEGF G–quadruplex DNA: Multi-spectroscopic and molecular modeling studies. Int J Biol Macromol. 2018;118:629–39. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.06.115. 16. … Subcellular localization of flavonol aglycone in hepatocytes visualized by confocal laser scanning fluorescence microscope. Cytotechnology. 2009;59:177–82. doi: 10.1007/s10616-009-9206-z. 118. Mukherjee AK, Sharma S, Chowdhury S. …

Keyword Index for Volume 103

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… Ewing's sarcoma family of tumours 370, 1380 excesion repair cross- complementation group 1 (ERCC1) 845 exercise 1760 experimental animal models 61 extracellular signal-regulated kinase 510 family history 1502 FAP 910 fenretinide 1380 FHIT 802 figitumumab (CP-751,871) 332 first-line treatment 1536 flavonols …

Resveratrol and clinical trials: the crossroad from in vitro studies to human evidence.

Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) is a non-flavonoid polyphenol that may be present in a limited number of foodstuffs such as grapes and red wine. Resveratrol has been reported to exert a plethora of health benefits through many different mechanisms of action. This versatility and presence in the human diet have drawn the worldwide attention of many research groups over the past twenty years, which has resulted in a huge output of in vitro and animal (preclinical) studies. In line with this expectation, many resveratrol- based nutraceuticals are consumed all over the world with qu

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… Flavonoids include flavonols (quercetin, kaempferol, etc.), flavones (apigenin, luteolin, etc.), flavan-3-ols (catechin, epicatechin, etc.), proanthocyanidins (procyanidins B1, B2, etc.), flavanones (hesperidin, naringenin, etc.), anthocyanins (malvidin, cyanidin, etc.) and isoflavones (genistein, daidzein … Neither alcohol nor the flavonol quercetin affected RES bioavailability [ 258 ]. Very interestingly, Patel et al. [ 260 ] reported the detection of RES and derived metabolites in human tissue for the first time. …

Phytochemical-Based Nanomedicine for Advanced Cancer Theranostics: Perspectives on Clinical Trials to Clinical Use.

In the current chapter, a new strategic compilation of phytochemicals with potent antitumor properties has been addressed, most importantly focusing on cell cycle arrest and apoptotic signaling mechanism. A promising approach in tumor prevention is to eliminate cancer cells preferably via cell cycle arrest and programmed cell death with lesser harm to neighboring normal cells. Cancer cells have a survival advantage to escape apoptosis and relentlessly divide to proliferate, gearing up the cell cycle process. Recently, the use of phytochemical-derived conjugated chemotherapeutic agents has incr

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… Currently, plant products chiefly secondary metabolites such as phenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, flavonols, terpenoids, terpenes, steroids, etc., are among the leading source of anticancer compounds under clinical trials and clinical use. 3 Apoptosis is a distinctive form of programmed cell death, a … potential preventive effects against cancer. 10–12 A wide spectrum of clinical trials has detected significant anticancer properties of various phytochemicals, which are currently in clinical use. 13 As indicated in Figure 3 , a wide array of secondary plant metabolites (phenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, flavonols …

Нацеливание на природные полифенолы антиоксидантов в целях защиты от нейроинфламмации и нейродегенеративных заболеваний: всеобъемлющий обзор.

Полифенолы, природные фитонутриенты, встречающиеся в растительных продуктах питания, привлекли значительное внимание к их потенциальному терапевтическому воздействию в неврологических заболеваниях и нейроинфламмации. Эти соединения обладают различными возможностями нейрозащиты, включая антиоксидантные, антивоспалительные и антиамильоидные свойства, которые способствуют смягчению развития таких нейродегенеративных заболеваний, как болезнь Альцгеймера (AD), болезнь Паркинсона (PD), деменция, множественный склероз (MS), Строк и болезнь Хантингтона (HD). Полифенолы были тщательно изучены на предме

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… Flavonoids are categorized as flavones, flavonols, and isoflavones, which are present in fruits, vegetables, tea, and wine ( Billowria et al., 2024 ). Caffeic and ferulic acids, types of phenolic acids, are prevalent in coffee and grains ( Kumar et al., 2024 ). …

Post-transplant cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity: A comprehensive review.

Cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity, associated with its toxic metabolite acrolein, is a significant concern and unresolved issue, especially when cyclophosphamide is administrated in high doses. However, cardiotoxicity following low-dose cyclophosphamide has been also documented, especially in post-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (post-HSCT) settings. Despite the involvement of multiple signaling pathways in cyclophosphamide-induced cardiomyopathy, the exact underlying mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. This review outlines the current challenges of cyclophosphamide therapy

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… anti-inflammatory therapy with natural products, such as curcumin, would be a promising adjuvant therapy to improve vascular performance and subsequent alleviation of cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity. 61 Another option against acrolein-induced cytotoxicity is referred to the acrolein trapping with active flavonols …

Апиген как потенциальный модулятор нейроинфламмации в многоразовом склерозе: обзор.

Множественный склероз (MS) — хроническое воспалительное заболевание центральной нервной системы (CNS), характеризующееся нейроинфламмацией и обезвоживанием. Несмотря на то, что в течение последнего десятилетия расширились возможности лечения MS, нынешняя терапия направлена главным образом на периферийные иммунные системы и часто связана со значительными побочными эффектами. Кроме того, эта терапия до сих пор не предлагает решений для последующего нейродегенерации, сопровождающего развитие болезни. Результаты исследований, проведенных с использованием клеточных и животных моделей и исследований

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… They are divided into subclasses based on their structural differences: flavonols, flavones, flavanones, flavanols, anthocyanins, isoflavones, and chalcones ( Figure 1 ) [ 16 ]. Apigenin (4′,5,7-trihydroxyflavone) is one of the most common phenolic compounds in the flavone group. … The Roles of Flavonols/Flavonoids in Neurodegeneration and Neuroinflammation Mini Rev. Med. Chem. 2020 20 1475 1488 10.2174/1389557519666190617150051 31288717 20. Victor M.M. de Carvalho B.C. Dos Santos C.C. Souza C.S. Costa S.L. …

Targeting Oxidative Stress as a Therapeutic Approach for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic interstitial lung disease characterized by an abnormal reepithelialisation, an excessive tissue remodelling and a progressive fibrosis within the alveolar wall that are not due to infection or cancer. Oxidative stress has been proposed as a key molecular process in pulmonary fibrosis development and different components of the redox system are altered in the cellular actors participating in lung fibrosis. To this respect, several activators of the antioxidant machinery and inhibitors of the oxidant species and pathways have been assayed in precl

A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial and Multi-Omics Analysis of Electrolysed Alkaline Water: Impacts on Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Signatures in Hyperuricemia.

Background/Objectives: Hyperuricemia (HUA) is the second most common metabolic disease in China (24.5% in males, 3.6% in females), which can induce multiple complications such as gout and diabetes. Existing urate-lowering drugs have significant hepatorenal toxicity, necessitating safe lifestyle interventions. Electrolyzed alkaline water (EAW) as daily drinking water has shown preliminary effectiveness, but it lacks randomized controlled evidence and mechanistic studies at the microbiome-metabolome interface. Methods: We conducted a 12-week randomized controlled trial in 40 adults aged 18-65 ye

Healthy Effects of Plant Polyphenols: Molecular Mechanisms.

The increasing extension in life expectancy of human beings in developed countries is accompanied by a progressively greater rate of degenerative diseases associated with lifestyle and aging, most of which are still waiting for effective, not merely symptomatic, therapies. Accordingly, at present, the recommendations aimed at reducing the prevalence of these conditions in the population are limited to a safer lifestyle including physical/mental exercise, a reduced caloric intake, and a proper diet in a convivial environment. The claimed health benefits of the Mediterranean and Asian diets have

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… Plant polyphenols include non-flavonoids or flavonoids; the latter are further divided into flavonols, flavononols, flavones, anthocyanins, procyanidins, phenolic acids, stilbenes, and tannins depending on the number of hydroxyls in the molecule and on the nature and the position of other substituents … More recently, particular interest has been dedicated to the polyphenols present abundantly in the leaves and in the ripening fruits of the olive tree ( Olea europaea ); including flavonols, lignans iridoids, and their glycosides. …

Development of Newly Synthesized Chromone Derivatives with High Tumor Specificity against Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Since many anticancer drugs show severe adverse effects such as mucositis, peripheral neurotoxicity, and extravasation, it was crucial to explore new compounds with much reduced adverse effects. Comprehensive investigation with human malignant and nonmalignant cells demonstrated that derivatives of chromone, back-bone structure of flavonoid, showed much higher tumor specificity as compared with three major polyphenols in the natural kingdom, such as lignin-carbohydrate complex, tannin, and flavonoid. A total 291 newly synthesized compounds of 17 groups (consisting of 12 chromones, 2 esters, an

IL-6 and NFE2L2: A putative role for the hepatoprotective effect of N. Sativa, P. Ginseng and C. Sempervirens in AFB-1 induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats.

In this study, we investigated possible hepato-protective effects of N. Sativa, P. Ginseng, and C. Sempervirens in Aflatoxin B1 (AFB-1) induced hepatocellular carcinoma rat model. Fifty-four male albino rats were randomly assigned to experimental groups. Alcoholic extracts of aforementioned herbs were administered orally for 28 days at different doses. IL-6, hs-CRP, MDA, SOD and NFE2L2 were determined using ELISA. Histopathological changes in treated groups were examined. Herbal treatment significantly reduced IL-6, hs-CRP, and MDA (P C. Sempervirens 600 and N. Sativa 1000 increased NFE2L2 lev