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The effect of consuming a sucrose-containing sports drink on acute kidney injury risk during a 4 h simulated occupational heat stress.

Occupational heat stress increases acute kidney injury risk. Drinking a soft drink sweetened with high fructose corn syrup further elevates this acute kidney injury risk. However, the impact of sucrose, another fructose-containing sweetener, on acute kidney injury risk remains unexplored. We tested the hypothesis that drinking a sucrose-containing sports drink increases acute kidney injury risk when compared to drinking a sugar-free sports drink during 4 h of simulated occupational heat stress. Ten healthy adults consumed a sucrose-containing or sugar-free sport drink ad libitum during 4 h exp

The Impact of an Evidence-Informed Spinal Cord Injury Activities of Daily Living Education Manual (SADL-eM): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a catastrophic injury associated with functional loss and life-threatening complications. Many people with SCI in the Gaza Strip of Palestine are discharged from inpatient rehabilitation to the community while still lacking many daily life skills. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) seeks to test the impact of the Spinal Cord Injury Activities of Daily Living Education Manual (SADL-eM)-an evidence-based occupational therapy patient educational intervention-on rehabilitation outcomes. OBJECTIVE: The proposed trial aims to evaluate the SADL-eM interven

Occupational Injuries and Use of Benzodiazepines: A Systematic Review and Metanalysis.

Background: Benzodiazepines have been widely used in clinical practice for over four decades and continue to be one of the most consumed and … lyses, three on institutional databases, while one study was based on questionnaires. Regarding the occupational groups, three estimates focused on commercial drivers (0.73%, 95% CI 0.12-4.30), that exhibited a reduced risk ratio for benzodiazepine positivity compared to other occupational groups (RR 0.109, 95% CI 0.063-0.187). Eventually, no increased risk for benzo …

Epidemiological Characteristics of the Accidental Exposures to Blood-Borne Pathogens Among Workers in the Hospital.

INTRODUCTION: The main route of acquiring infectious blood and body fluids in hospital conditions is accidental exposure to stinging inciden … er 2014. Study sample consisted of 1031 participants (65% of total employees) stratified into three occupational groups: doctors, nurses and support staff. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Exposure incident was recorded in 1231 participants (54.8%) at least once in the last 12 months. An average number of exposure incidents per HCWs in total years of service was 7.07± 8.041. …

Neurotoxic effects in workers of the clinical thermometer manufacture plant.

OBJECTIVES: Occupational exposure to mercury can induce adverse health effects, and the central nervous system is the major target of its toxic action. This problem especially arises in plants involved in the manufacture of mercury-containing products, where an appropriate protection against mercury exposure is not ensured. The aim of this study was to assess health effects of mercury, especially neurotoxic effects and oral disorders, in workers employed in a clinical thermometer manufacture plant and to determine mercury concentrations in the workplace ambient air. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The

Exposure-response relationship in the hand-arm vibration syndrome: an overview of current epidemiology research.

The complex of vascular, neurologic, and osteoarticular disorders occurring in the upper limbs of vibration-exposed workers is called hand-arm vibration syndrome. There is epidemiologic evidence for an increased occurrence of peripheral sensorineural disorders in occupational groups working with vibrating tools. An excess risk for wrist osteoarthrosis and for elbow arthrosis and osteophytosis has been reported in workers exposed to shocks and low-frequency vibration of high magnitude from percussive tools. However, there are too few epidemiology data to enable reliable conclusions to be drawn …

Differences in personality and character traits of occupational therapy researchers and non-researchers: A cross-sectional study.

INTRODUCTION: Despite a high level of interest in research, many occupational therapists are not engaged in research activities. Understanding how occupational therapists' personality and character traits influence research engagement is crucial to designing effective research capacity building strategies. This study aimed to identify and compare personality and character traits of occupational therapy researchers and non-researchers across Australia. METHODS: An exploratory cross-sectional study was conducted using modified versions of the Honesty-Humility, Emotionality, eXtraversion, Agreea

SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and Construction Industry: insights from Italian data.

Construction industry (CoI) has been severely affected by SARS-CoV-2 pandemic since its onset, as it delayed or even halted construction pro … 58 (95%CI 0.339-0.377) in June 2021, with a sudden surge after December 2020 i.e. compared to other occupational groups, CW seemly exhibit a substantially lower risk for SARS-CoV-2 compensation claims. When focusing on SARS-CoV-2 related deaths, a total of 48 compensation claims were retrieved for CoI, from a total of 682 work-related events (7.1%). Corresponding cas …

Relationship between awareness of disability and occupational performance during the first year after a stroke.

OBJECTIVES: This study examined the relationship between awareness of disability and occupational performance in a group of elderly persons during the year after stroke. METHOD: Data on awareness of disability and occupational performance (i.e., activities of daily living [ADL] motor and process ability) were collected 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after stroke. A mixed-linear-effects model was implemented to examine the relationship between awareness of disability and ADL motor and process ability over time. RESULTS: Increased awareness of disability was related to improvements in occupational per

Spina bifida and parental occupation.

To examine the association between parental occupation and spina bifida in offspring, we conducted a multicenter case-referent study in the Netherlands. Cases were children with spina bifida aperta from nine different hospitals throughout the country; the referent group comprised population-based referents who were randomly drawn from municipal birth registries. All children were born between 1980 and 1992. We collected data using postal questionnaires for both parents with questions about occupational title, industry, daily occupational activities, and a number of potential confounders. We we

Interventions to Improve the Occupational Performance of Youth With Persistent Postconcussion Symptoms: A Systematic Review.

IMPORTANCE: Persistent postconcussion symptoms (PPCS) may negatively affect youth's occupational performance in activities of daily living, education, play and leisure, social participation, and rest and sleep. OBJECTIVE: This review provides occupational therapists with evidence related to interventions for youth with PPCS. DATA SOURCES: Searches were performed in Embase, PubMed, SportDiscus, CINAHL, and Web of Science. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA COLLECTION: Inclusion criteria were as follows: studies published in English from January 1, 2013, to February 7, 2023; youth ages 3 to 18 yr old;

Association of p-phenylenediamine exposure with alterations of pulmonary function, pruritus and health-related quality of life in hair dye factory workers: a cross-sectional study.

P-Phenylenediamine (PPD) is a common component of hair dye, which can cause skin contact allergy and asthma with impaired pulmonary function. However, the adverse effects of occupational exposure to different dose PPD was rarely mentioned. We recruited 124 workers from a hair dye factory to explore the association of occupational PPD exposure on pulmonary function, pruritus and health related quality of life (HRQL). We categorized exposure to PPD into 3 levels: lower exposure group (< 0.00001 mg/m3); middle exposure group (0.00001-0.00033 mg/m3); higher exposure group (0.00033-0.047 mg/m3). Th

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… However, previous studies have mostly conducted research on ordinary people or emergency patients, and the studies of occupational groups only focused on individual case reports of hairdressers. So far, no research has been conducted on workers who are working with exposure PPD. …

Occupational Therapy for Reducing Disabilities in Persons with Disabilities in India: A Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND: The current evidence for occupational therapy practice, teaching, and research is replicated and implemented significantly from high-income countries in India. Therefore, a systematic review and an evaluation of existing evidence for occupational therapy (OT) to reduce disabilities including impairments, activity limitations, and participation restriction in persons with disabilities (PWD) in India are warranted. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this review was to evaluate the effectiveness of OT interventions for reducing disabilities in PWD in India. STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review

Comparison of injuries in multiple and single event crashes.

Objective: Compare injuries for occupants in multiple event (ME) crashes where a less severe event preceded a more severe event to occupants in similar single event (SE) crashes. Methods: Occupants in ME crashes from NASS-CDS years 2000-2015 where the most severe event occurred subsequent to a less severe event were matched to occupants in SE crashes where the SE was similar to the most severe event in the ME crash. Occupants were matched based on occupant, vehicle, and crash characteristics and were compared across 21 detailed body regions using conditional logistic regression.Finite element

Herbicide (Roundup) pneumonitis.

A case of acute intoxication presented as toxic pneumonitis after exposure to Roundup (glyphosate) (Solaris Group, Monsanto; San Ramon, CA) herbicide in an agriculture worker. The correct etiologic factor causing this specific clinical picture was identified only 2 weeks later, after a thorough occupational history was taken and meticulous delineation of the working conditions and exposures of the involved worker were made. As a rule, occupational related diseases are not readily elucidated by nonoccupational physicians. However, most acute intoxication events are first encountered by such phy

Reactivating occupational therapy: a method to improve cognitive performance in geriatric patients.

In this prospective treatment study, the effects of two different occupational therapy strategies were compared in two samples of long-term geriatric inpatients (n = 22 in each group) with slight to moderate dementia according to DSM-III-R. Psychometric ratings after 12 weeks and 24 weeks of treatment have demonstrated that the application of a reactivating occupational therapy programme in addition to functional rehabilitation is significantly more efficient than the application of functional rehabilitation alone on levels of cognitive performance, psychosocial functioning, and the degree of

An overview of occupational hazards among veterinarians, with particular reference to pregnant women.

Veterinarians are challenged by an imposing group of occupational hazards, including exposure to ionizing radiation, injury, infectious agents, and chemicals. In this paper, the health hazards in the typical veterinary practice are inventoried, and the risks of each are assessed. During the past few decades, there has been a significant increase in women entering the veterinary profession. Information is presented concerning the impact of various occupational hazards on the health of female practitioners and paraprofessionals, particularly in regard to the reproductive system. Many of the occu

Occupation and Educational Attainment Characteristics Associated With COVID-19 Mortality by Race and Ethnicity in California.

IMPORTANCE: Racial and ethnic inequities in COVID-19 mortality may be driven by occupation and education, but limited evidence has assessed these mechanisms. OBJECTIVE: To estimate whether occupational characteristics or educational attainment explained the associations between race and ethnicity and COVID-19 mortality. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This population-based retrospective cohort study of Californians aged 18 to 65 years linked COVID-19 deaths to population estimates within strata defined by race and ethnicity, gender, age, nativity in the US, region of residence, education,

Acoustic analysis with vocal loading test in occupational voice disorders: outcomes before and after voice therapy.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the usefulness of acoustic analysis with vocal loading test for evaluating the treatment outcomes in occupational voice disorders. METHODS: Fifty-one female teachers with dysphonia were examined (Voice Handicap Index--VHI, laryngovideostroboscopy and acoustic analysis with vocal loading) before and after treatment. The outcomes of teachers receiving vocal training (group I) were referred to outcomes of group II receiving only voice hygiene instructions. RESULTS: The results of subjective assessment (VHI score) and objective evaluation (acoustic analysis) improved more si

Co-designing approaches to enhance falls management after spinal cord injury in an Australian spinal injuries unit.

INTRODUCTION: Persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) are at risk of falls because of changes in sensation and motor function. While research exists on the consumer and clinician perspective of falls and fall prevention, these groups have not been brought together to determine how to effectively address this issue. The study aimed to co-design approaches to enhance falls management including prevention of falls and post fall management, after SCI in inpatient spinal rehabilitation. METHODS: Using an experience-based co-design process, six consumers and eight clinicians, including occupational t