Результаты поиска

The increase of sepsis-related mortality in Italy: a nationwide study, 2003-2015.

The true burden of sepsis is largely unknown. Conventional underlying cause of death (UCoD) statistics largely underestimates sepsis-related mortality. This study aims to analyze all the conditions mentioned in the death certificates (multiple causes of death-MCoD) to estimate the nationwide burden of sepsis-related mortality in Italy, to investigate time trends and main comorbidities in sepsis-related deaths. All death certificates mentioning sepsis from 2003 to 2015 were analyzed. Age-standardized mortality rates were calculated for sepsis as both UCoD and MCoD, by gender and broad age group

Growing burden of sepsis-related mortality in northeastern Italy: a multiple causes of death analysis.

BACKGROUND: Few population-based data are available on mortality due to sepsis. The aim of the study was to estimate sepsis-related mortality rates and to assess the associated comorbidities. METHODS: From multiple causes of death data (MCOD) of the Veneto Region (northeastern Italy), all deaths with sepsis mentioned anywhere in the death certificate were retrieved for the period 2008-2013. Among these deaths the prevalence of common chronic comorbidities was investigated, as well as the distribution of the underlying cause of death (UCOD), the single disease selected from all condition menti

How Would Children Register Their Own Births? Insights from a Survey of Students Regarding Birth Registration Knowledge and Policy Suggestions in Kenya.

Birth registration and obtaining physical birth certificates impose major challenges in developing countries, with impact on child and community health, education, planning, and all levels of development. However despite initiatives, universal registration is elusive, leading to calls for new approaches to understanding the decisions of parents. In this paper, we report results of a survey of students in grades six to eight (age ~12-16) in an under-registered area of Kenya regarding their own understanding of registration issues and their suggestions for improvement. These students were select

Physicians' attitudes toward the definition of "death from age-related physical debility" in deceased elderly with aspiration pneumonia.

AIM: Deaths from aspiration pneumonia in elderly patients are occasionally considered to be "death from age-related physical debility", because most aspiration pneumonias are a result of aging and lead to death without any definitive therapy. The aim of the present study was to assess physicians' attitudes toward the diagnosis of and actual description of "death from age-related physical debility" on death certificates for deceased patients with aspiration pneumonia. METHODS: This study surveyed 62 Japanese physicians including 36 pulmonologists and 26 other physicians who treat patients with

[Spontaneous abortion in Italy: social differences and temporal trends].

Spontaneous abortion in Italy between 1980 and 1993 has been analysed with particular reference to temporal trends and to indicators of social status (level of education and occupation of the women). Each year about 50,000 spontaneous abortions are notified in Italy and the trend is slightly increasing. The national rate passed from 8 to 9 spontaneous abortions per 100 conceptions during the period 1983-93. Geographically, the rate decreases from North to South (respectively from 11-12 to 6-8 spontaneous abortions per 100 known conception in 1993). The national rate of spontaneous abortion is

[Maternal mortality in a midsize city, Brazil, 1997].

INTRODUCTION: The real magnitude of maternal mortality in the city of Uberlândia, Brazil, is fairly unknown. The aim is to identify the characteristics of maternal mortality in the city during 1997. METHODS: Death certificates of women between 10-49 years old from Uberlândia were used as a main data source with additional interviews with family members. Only women between 10- 49 years of age at time of death were included. Maternal deaths were further confirmed at the health services level by checking medical records and interviewing physicians. All maternal deaths occurring up to one year af

Mortality of young physicians in the United States, 1980-1988.

BACKGROUND: The obituary section of most issues of JAMA announces the death of at least one physician under the age of 40 years. The premature death of a physician is a significant loss to society. METHOD: The authors ascertained the mortality of physicians ages 25 to 39 years occurring from January 1, 1980, through December 31, 1988, from obituary listings in JAMA, and calculated mortality rates by gender and age. Death certificates were sought for all decedents listed as residing in California, Illinois, and Pennsylvania. Cause of death was investigated for this subset. RESULTS: There were

Current practice patterns and training status of selected graduates at the King Abdulaziz University College of Medicine, Saudi Arabia.

Graduate doctors are the primary output of medical education programmes. It is important for institutions to identify systematically the types of medical activities in which their former students are involved in order to determine the effectiveness of the curriculum, assessing academic standards and reviewing admissions policies. Information was obtained from a survey of men and women graduates from three of the early graduation classes of King Abdulaziz University College of Medicine in Saudi Arabia about postgraduate medical training, certification, practice patterns, and other curriculum is…

Education and professionalization of transfusion laboratory staff: A global review of best practices in Argentina, Australia, Japan, Thailand, and the United States.

Transfusion medicine is a high-stakes discipline where laboratory professionals play critical roles to ensure safe and appropriate blood pro … lization and leadership; (3) the use of structured curricula, eLearning, experiential learning, and certification systems; and (4) measurable impacts on knowledge, self-efficacy, professional identity, and transfusion safety. Argentina has formalized hemotherapy technician and bachelor-level training, expanding competencies beyond bench work to include manageme …

Enhancing Resident Engagement and Oral Board Preparation Through a Flipped Classroom Model for the American Board of Surgery.

BACKGROUND: The American Board of Surgery certification represents the culmination of surgical training, signifying a surgeon's competency and readiness for practice. Residents are less familiar with the oral examination format and often find it more challenging than multiple-choice assessments. Our aim was to evaluate a curriculum change integrating structured oral examination scenarios into our weekly didactic sessions. Methodology: This study evaluated a curricular change performed in 2022. Two approaches were used to assess the impact of this change. A survey was conducted before and one y…

ChatGPT performance on radiation technologist and therapist entry to practice exams.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to describe the proficiency of ChatGPT (GPT-4) on certification style exams from the Canadian Association of Medical Radiation Technologists (CAMRT), and describe its performance across multiple exam attempts. METHODS: ChatGPT was prompted with questions from CAMRT practice exams in the disciplines of radiological technology, magnetic resonance (MRI), nuclear medicine and radiation therapy (87-98 questions each). ChatGPT attempted each exam five times. Exam performance was evaluated using descriptive statistics, stratified by discipline and question type …

Social validity of Research Ethics for All: Social-behavioral research ethics education for community research partners with developmental disabilities.

BACKGROUND: Training in research ethics supports community research partners with developmental disabilities to take on additional research responsibilities. We worked with an academic-community partnership to develop an accessible research ethics training tailored to the roles of community research partners with developmental disabilities that leads to certification: Research Ethics for All. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the social validity of the educational activities and certification process. METHODS: We shared the training via a webinar and gathered feedback from attendees using polls (138 a…

Ethical and Forensic Issues in the Medico-Legal and Psychological Assessment of Women Asylum Seekers.

Asylum-seeking migrants represent a vulnerable segment of the population, and among them, women constitute an even more vulnerable group. Mo … n the process for the acceptance/rejection of an asylum application, the forensic and psychological certification can make the difference between successful and unsuccessful applications, as it can support the credibility of the asylum seeker through an assessment of the degree of compatibility between the story told and the diagnostic and forensic evidence. Th …

On-Board Sensor-Based NO x Emissions from Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles.

Real-world nitrogen oxides (NO x) emissions were estimated using on-board sensor readings from 72 heavy-duty diesel vehicles (HDDVs) equipped with a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) system in California. The results showed that there were large differences between in-use and certification NO x emissions, with 12 HDDVs emitting more than three times the standard during hot-running and idling operations in the real world. The overall NO x conversion efficiencies of the SCR system on many vehicles were well below the 90% threshold that is expected for an efficient SCR system, even when the SCR…

Fundamental Use of Surgical Energy (FUSE): An Essential Educational Program for Operating Room Safety.

Operating room (OR) safety has become a major concern in patient safety since the 1990s. Improvement of team communication and behavior is a … ther physicians, and allied health care professionals and a psychometrically designed and validated certification test. A successful FUSE certification documents acquisition of the basic knowledge needed to safely use energy-based devices in the OR. By design FUSE fills a void in the curriculum and competency assessment for surgeons and other procedural special …

Training retinal imagers for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening.

PURPOSE: To report the training/certification process of nonphysician imagers, image quality, and factors that affected image quality in the National Eye Institute sponsored multicentered e-ROP study. METHODS: Nonphysician imagers underwent rigorous training and certification in obtaining retinal images, with attention to clarity, focus, and optic disk placement. Image readers measured pupil size in pupil image and graded posterior pole, temporal, nasal, superior, and inferior retinal images and classified them as good, adequate, poor, or missing. Good and adequate images were deemed acceptab…

Evidence-based medicine: Unilateral cleft lip and nose repair.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: After reading this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Describe the anatomical malformations found in unilat … evidence of cleft lip repairs and identify areas for future research. SUMMARY: The Maintenance of Certification module series is designed to help clinicians structure their individualized course of study to specific areas appropriate to their clinical practice. This article was prepared to accompany practice-based assessment of preoperative evaluation, anesth …

Искоренение полиомиелита: прогресс, проблемы в конце игры и подготовка к эпохе постэрадикации.

В 1988 году Всемирная ассамблея здравоохранения приняла решение искоренить полиомиелит во всем мире к 2000 году. Драматический прогресс в достижении этой цели был достигнут: три из шести регионов ВОЗ (Регион Северной и Южной Америки, Европейский регион и Западный Тихоокеанский регион) в настоящее время свободны от полиомиелита; и число стран, эндемичных по полиомиелиту, сократилось с более 125 в 1988 году до 30 в 1999 году. В настоящее время прилагаются активные усилия для скорейшего достижения этой цели после 2000 года в трех оставшихся регионах ВОЗ, эндемичных по полиомиелиту (африканский ре

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
In 1988, the World Health Assembly resolved to eradicate poliomyelitis globally by the year 2000. Dramatic progress toward this goal has occ … g the proven polio eradication strategies. Increasing attention and research now are devoted to the certification of polio eradication in the polio-free regions (that will include the first phase of implementing the Global Plan of Action for the laboratory containment of wild poliovirus) and formulating a policy for stopping all polio vaccination once eradicati …

A method for active surveillance of selected communicable diseases.

In 1991, an initiative was launched in the Western Pacific Region of WHO to eradicate poliomyelitis by the year 2000. Confirmation of eradication requires a certification process, in which specific criteria must be met. A hospital-based surveillance system was developed. It was sensitive enough to detect, at least one case of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) per 100,000 children under age 15 per year, which is considered the "background rate" of AFP. This system was instituted in 1997 in most countries in the Pacific, and included measles and neonatal tetanus as well as AFP. By mid-1998, 53 hospi…

Certifying the elimination of poliomyelitis from Europe: advancing towards global eradication.

UNLABELLED: Indigenous wild polioviruses have been virtually eliminated from the 51 countries of the European Region of the World Health Organization (WHO), an achievement that is of critical importance to the global initiative to eradicate poliomyelitis by the year 2000. An international commission has been established to certify the elimination of poliomyelitis from this region. European countries have recently been requested to establish National Certification Committees to review and submit the necessary documentation and surveillance data. In some Western European countries where polio ha…