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Factors predicting intermediate endpoints of cervical cancer and exposure to human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in young women screened as potential targets for prophylactic HPV vaccination in south of Brazil.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the predictors of intermediate endpoints of cervical cancer in 500 women living in Porto Alegre. STUDY DESIGN: Five hundred randomly selected women (mean age 20.3 years, range 15-25) were screened using PCR detecting 25 HPV types (HPV6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 34, 35, 39, 40, 42, 43, 44, 45, 51, 52, 53, 54, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 70, and 74). Women were interviewed and serum samples were analysed for antibodies to HPV16 and HPV18 VLPs. Regression models were constructed to analyse predictive factors for (a) HPV PCR status, (b) HPV16-seropositivity, (c) HPV18-seropositivity, and

Reconciling Conflicting Evidence on Peri-Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination in Lung Cancer: A Time-Aligned Target Trial Emulation-Informed Landmark Study.

OBJECTIVES: Recent reports suggest that peri-immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) COVID-19 mRNA vaccination may improve survival in lung cancer, but time-related and calendar-time biases may inflate real-world estimates. We evaluated vaccination timing and outcomes using a target trial emulation-informed, time-aligned design. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study used deidentified electronic health record data from the TriNetX Global Collaborative Network. Time zero was first ICI administration. New users initiating ICI therapy from September 2, 2020, through December 31, 2025, were classifie

Predictors of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer undergoing conversion surgery via chemoimmunotherapy with a multifunctional Wilms' tumor 1 (WT1) peptide cocktail-pulsed dendritic cell vaccine.

BACKGROUND: A chemoimmunotherapy regimen consisting of a novel Wilms' tumor 1 (WT1) peptide-pulsed dendritic cell (WT1-DC) vaccine and multiagent chemotherapy was observed to modulate the tumor microenvironment (TME) to an immunostimulatory state, resulting in conversion surgery in seven out of nine patients with unresectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (UR-PDAC). METHODS: Understanding WT1-specific immunity and the tumor mutational burden is important for predicting the efficacy of WT1-targeted chemoimmunotherapy. Therefore, the memory CD8+T cell subpopulations in WT1-specific cytotoxic

Antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 WT and Omicron BA.4/5 of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in patients with lung cancer after second and booster immunization.

COVID-19 inactivated vaccine-induced humoral responses in patients with lung cancer (LCs) to SARS-CoV-2 wild-type (WT) strain and variants BA.4/5 after the primary 2-dose and booster vaccination remained unknown. We conducted a cross-sectional study in 260 LCs, 140 healthy controls (HC) and additional 40 LCs with serial samples by detecting total antibodies, IgG anti-RBD and neutralizing antibodies (NAb) toward WT and BA.4/5. SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses were augmented by the booster dose of inactivated vaccines in LCs, whereas they were lower than that in HCs. Enhanced humoral respo

Safety of anti-SARS-CoV-2 messenger RNA vaccine in lung cancer patients undergoing anticancer chemotherapy: A multicenter, prospective, observational, patient-reported outcome study.

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 incidence is high in patients with cancer. The fatality rate was high for the Delta variant, necessitating infection prevention by vaccination. This study evaluated the safety of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in patients with advanced lung cancer receiving anticancer therapy. METHODS: We prospectively enrolled patients receiving anticancer drugs for advanced lung cancer and planning SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Early side effects within 7 days of vaccination were evaluated using patient-reported outcome (PRO) surveys. Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analyses were u

Deceptology in cancer and vaccine sciences: Seeds of immune destruction-mini electric shocks in mitochondria: Neuroplasticity-electrobiology of response profiles and increased induced diseases in four generations - A hypothesis.

From Rockefeller's support of patent medicine to Gates' patent vaccines, medical establishment invested a great deal in intellectual ignorance. Through the control over medical education and research it has created a public illusion to prop up corporate profit and encouraged the lust for money and power. An overview of data on cancer and vaccine sciences, the status of Americans' health, a survey of repeated failed projects, economic toxicity, and heavy drug consumption or addiction among young and old provide compelling evidence that in the twentieth century nearly all classic disease categor

Phase I Study of a B Cell-Based and Monocyte-Based Immunotherapeutic Vaccine, BVAC-C in Human Papillomavirus Type 16- or 18-Positive Recurrent Cervical Cancer.

: BVAC-C is a B cell-based and monocyte-based immuno-therapeutic vaccine transfected with a recombinant human papillomavirus (HPV) 16/18 E6/E7 gene and loaded with alpha-galactosyl ceramide, which is a natural killer T cell ligand. This phase I study sought to determine the tolerability and immunogenicity of BVAC-C in platinum-resistant recurrent cervical cancer patients. Patients with HPV 16-positive or 18-positive recurrent or persistent cervical cancer who had received at least one prior platinum-based combination chemotherapy were enrolled. BVAC-C was injected intravenously three times eve

Immunization of Children with Cancer in India Treated with Chemotherapy - Consensus Guideline from the Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Chapter and the Advisory Committee on Vaccination and Immunization Practices of the Indian Academy of Pediatrics.

JUSTIFICATION: Children with cancer need to be immunized against the common vaccine-preventable diseases after completion and sometimes during ongoing treatment of cancer. However, the immunization schedule for these children needs to be altered due to disease and treatment related immune-suppression. Consequently, there are many guidelines/practice statements from around the world to address this issue, however, there is no such comprehensive guideline from India catering to the need of Indian children with cancer. PROCESS: A guideline was drafted after reviewing the available literature. Th

Cancer vaccine based on a combination of an infection-enhanced adenoviral vector and pro-inflammatory allogeneic DCs leads to sustained antigen-specific immune responses in three melanoma models.

Autologous patient-derived dendritic cells (DCs) modified ex vivo to present tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) are frequently used as cancer vaccines. However, apart from the stringent logistics in producing DCs on a patient basis, accumulating evidence indicate that ex vivo engineered DCs are poor in migration and in fact do not directly present TAA epitopes to naïve T cells in vivo. Instead, it is proposed that bystander host DCs take up material from vaccine-DCs, migrate and subsequently initiate antitumor T-cell responses. We used mouse models to examine the possibility of using pro-inflamm…

Symptom and quality of life results of an international randomised phase III study of adjuvant vaccination with Bec2/BCG in responding patients with limited disease small-cell lung cancer.

AIMS: This study reports the symptom and HRQOL results in which standard treatment was compared to standard therapy plus Bec2, an anti-idiotypic antibody that mimics GD3, a ganglioside antigen. METHODS: Five hundred and fifteen LD SCLC patients were randomised to receive five vaccinations of Bec2 (2.5mg)/BCG vaccine arm (VA) or an observational arm (OA) administered over a 10-week period. Survival was the primary end-point; HRQOL was a secondary end-point, assessed using the EORTC QLQ-C30/LC 13. RESULTS: There was no improvement in survival or progression-free survival in the vaccination arm

mRNA Vaccines: Current Applications and Future Directions.

Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines, as a novel class of biotherapeutics, leverage mRNA technology to instruct cells to produce specific antigens, thereby inducing an immune response. In recent years, significant progress has been made in applying these vaccines to infectious disease prevention and cancer treatment. Compared with traditional vaccines, mRNA vaccines offer high programmability, as well as greatly enhanced stability and immunogenicity, achieved through nucleotide modifications and advanced delivery systems such as lipid nanoparticles. However, many challenges remain in the design and d

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… Clinical trials have demonstrated that personalized mRNA cancer vaccines are safe and well‐tolerated [ 94 , 95 ]. … One of the main challenges of personalized mRNA cancer vaccines lies in the prediction and identification of neoantigens. …

Irradiated Liver Cancer Cell Vaccine Transfected With GM-CSF Induces Specific and Long-Lasting Anti-tumour Immunity Through the Synergistic Effect of Oxidised mtDNA and GM-CSF.

Liver cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with limited durable responses to conventional therapies. Cancer vaccines utilising the immune system offer a promising alternative. Here, we developed a prophylactic whole-cell tumour vaccine by engineering Hepa 1-6 cells to express murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (mGM-CSF), and investigated its anti-tumour efficacy and underlying mechanisms. The Hepa 1-6-mGM-CSF vaccine provided complete and durable protection against both primary and rechallenge tumour inoculations. Hepa 1-6-mGM-CSF immunisat…

Potential Impact of Catch-Up HPV Vaccination on HPV Prevalence and Cervical Cancer Incidence Among Women Living With HIV in South Africa: Results From Two Mathematical Models.

INTRODUCTION: Women living with HIV (WLHIV) face an increased risk of cervical cancer (CC). With inequitable human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine access globally and a programmatic focus on girls-only school-based delivery, many WLHIV in high HIV prevalence countries remain vulnerable to HPV and CC. We assessed the incremental impact of adding catch-up vaccination for WLHIV in South Africa. METHODS: We used two independently developed HPV/CC and HIV transmission models to predict the incremental impact of catch-up HPV vaccination for WLHIV compared to routine-only vaccination of girls aged 9-14

Impact of COVID-19 Vaccination on Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Receiving First-Line Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy: Real-World Evidence from Romania.

Background: The interaction between COVID-19 vaccination and immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains incompletely characterized. Methods: Retrospective cohort study of 139 patients with stage IV NSCLC treated with first-line ICI-based therapy, stratified by vaccination status and total doses received (0-1 vs. ≥2). Progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression; logistic regression explored factors associated with treatment-related toxicity. Results: Vaccinated patients had longer median

Neutralizing activity against Omicron subvariants BA.1, BA.2, and BA.4/5 following the third SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.

OBJECTIVES: Despite the availability of bivalent vaccines targeting both the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 strain and Omicron subvariants, vaccination rates remain low in South Korea. This study aims to evaluate the neutralizing activity against Omicron subvariants following the third SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients undergoing chemotherapy, as well as to assess the need for additional vaccinations. METHODS: Between April and November 2022, the authors assessed the neutralizing activity of the third SARS-CoV-2 vaccine dose in 63 patients undergoing chemotherapy using an ELISA-based surrogate Virus N

Safety and efficacy of the therapeutic DNA-based vaccine VB10.16 in combination with atezolizumab in persistent, recurrent or metastatic HPV16-positive cervical cancer: a multicenter, single-arm phase 2a study.

BACKGROUND: Second-line treatment options for persistent, recurrent or metastatic (r/m) cervical cancer are limited. We investigated the safety, efficacy, and immunogenicity of the therapeutic DNA-based vaccine VB10.16 combined with the immune checkpoint inhibitor atezolizumab in patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)16-positive r/m cervical cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This multicenter, single-arm, phase 2a study (NCT04405349, registered 26 May 2020) enrolled adult patients with persistent, r/m HPV16-positive cervical cancer. Patients received 3 mg VB10.16 (every 3 weeks (Q3W) for 12 week

Outcomes of the SARS-CoV-2 omicron (B.1.1.529) variant outbreak among vaccinated and unvaccinated patients with cancer in Europe: results from the retrospective, multicentre, OnCovid registry study.

BACKGROUND: The omicron (B.1.1.529) variant of SARS-CoV-2 is highly transmissible and escapes vaccine-induced immunity. We aimed to describe outcomes due to COVID-19 during the omicron outbreak compared with the prevaccination period and alpha (B.1.1.7) and delta (B.1.617.2) waves in patients with cancer in Europe. METHODS: In this retrospective analysis of the multicentre OnCovid Registry study, we recruited patients aged 18 years or older with laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2, who had a history of solid or haematological malignancy that was either active or in remission. Patient

Enhanced humoral immune response correlates with improved disease-free and overall survival in American Joint Committee on Cancer stage II melanoma patients receiving adjuvant polyvalent vaccine.

PURPOSE: Although the improved overall survival (OS) of patients who receive Canvaxin (CancerVax Corp, Carlsbad, CA) polyvalent vaccine (PV) immunotherapy for metastatic melanoma has been correlated with cellular and humoral immune responses, the mechanisms of vaccine immunotherapy for early-stage melanoma are unclear. Specific immune responses to tumor-associated antigens might correlate with disease-free survival (DFS) and OS in patients receiving adjuvant PV therapy for primary melanoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eighty-three patients received PV plus bacille Calmette-Guérin after wide excisio

Combination of physical activity, nutrition, or other metabolic factors and vaccine response.

A number of lifestyle factors that reduce cancer risk in the primary prevention setting may be potential new targets for use in combination with cancer vaccines. This review discusses the modulation of energy balance (physical activity, calorie restriction, and obesity prevention), and the supplementation with natural and synthetic analogs of vitamins A and E, as potential interventions for use in combination with cancer vaccines. Additionally, the pharmacologic manipulation of nutrient metabolism in the tumor microenvironment (e.g., arachidonic acid, arginine, tryptophan, and glucose metaboli…

Correction: Seledtsov et al. Xenogeneic Testicular Cell Vaccination Induces Long-Term Anti-Cancer Immunity in Mice. Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2025, 47, 443.

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