Результаты поиска

Which theory for the origin of syphilis is true?

INTRODUCTION: There are four theories about the origin of syphilis, of which the mostly represented one is the Columbian theory. This theory suggests that syphilis was brought into Europe in 1493 ad by the ship from Caribbean islands. AIM: The aim of this study is to test all theories on a sample of 403 skeletons: 135 from prehistory, 134 from antique, and 134 from medieval period and new age from the Dalmatia (Croatia). METHODS: All skeletons were examined using standard anthropological methods. Paleopathological analysis was performed on each skeleton as well as additional radiographic met…

Внутривитрочувствительность хламидийных штаммов хламидии в стране с высоким уровнем потребления азитромицина.

Хотя резистентность к хламидиотрахоматису не вызывает большой обеспокоенности в связи с ее прекрасной чувствительностью к рекомендуемым в настоящее время антибиотикам первой линии (азитромицин и доксициклин), сообщалось о сбоях в клиническом лечении, и некоторые из них были связаны с лабораторным доказанным сопротивлением. Цель этого исследования состояла в том, чтобы определить витрочувствительность к азитромицину и доксициклину для 24 врожденных хламидиальных штаммов, изолированных в Хорватии, в стране с самым высоким потреблением азитромицина в Европе и очень высокими показателями прописыва

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Although Chlamydia trachomatis resistance is not of great concern due to its excellent sensitivity to the currently recommended first-line a … tro susceptibility to azithromycin and doxycycline for 24 urogenital chlamydial strains isolated in Croatia-a country with the highest consumption of azithromycin in Europe and with very high antibiotic prescription rates. Fourteen isolates from cervical swabs, nine from male urethral swabs, and one isolate from expressed prostatic secretion were tested i …

Polymerase chain reaction confirmation of Babesia canis canis and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in dogs suspected of babesiosis in Slovakia.

Canine babesiosis was considered an imported tick transmitted disease until the first case of autochthonous canine babesiosis in Slovakia wa … .7% and from D. reticulatus, 99.4% similarity with the B. c. canis (AY072926) from dogs infected in Croatia. In our study, we characterized the agent of canine babesiosis from blood samples of naturally infected dogs and D. reticulatus, the vector tick. Further, the presence of A. phagocytophilum, bacterium responsible for the canine granulocytic anaplasm …

Detection and characterization of avian nephritis virus in ducklings.

The first evidence of avian nephritis virus (ANV) in ducks is described. A diagnostic investigation was performed on three duck farms in Croatia. Samples from dead-in-shell ducklings and ducklings aged 30 days were collected and prepared for molecular and histopathological examination. Intestinal and liver samples were tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of ANV, duck enteritis virus, duck hepatitis virus 1 and Derzsy's disease virus. Multiple tissues were collected for histological examination and lesions were found to be confined to the kidney and intestine. Moderate fo…

The development of the digestive tract in larval European catfish (Silurus glanis L.).

The European catfish, Silurus glanis L., has become an important aqua cultural fish in Croatia, and it is cultivated extensively in ponds in polyculture with carps. The development of the digestive tract in S. glanis was studied with the aim of improving intensive fish production. Research was carried out on S. glanis larval stadium from 1- to 19-day post-hatching (DPH). The main histological methods used were: haematoxylin and eosin staining, periodic acid Schiff staining (PAS), Alcian blue (AB) and toluidin blue staining (TB). A yolk sac was present during the first 5 days (1-5-DPH). During …

The role of unusual pathogens in prostatitis syndrome.

A total of 1442 patients with symptoms of chronic prostatitis were examined over a 4-year period at the Outpatient Department for Urogenital Infections, University Hospital for Infectious Diseases "Dr. Fran Mihaljevic", Zagreb, Croatia. An infectious aetiology was determined in 1070 (74.2%) patients. In 561 of 1070 (52.4%) patients the inflammatory finding (>10 WBC/hpf) was found in expressed prostatic secretions (EPS) or voided bladder urine (VB(3)). Normal, <10 WBCs/hpf was found in 362 of 536 (67.5%) patients with symptoms of chronic prostatitis in whom Chlamydia trachomatis was detected in…

Psychotrauma and reconciliation.

Our goal was to analyze the phenomenon of intergenerational transmission of trauma-related feelings and propose a way to alleviate this proc … t, shame, and a need for revenge is illustrated with a number of examples from the 1991-1995 war in Croatia and the Holocaust, together with the influence they bear on an individual and a group. Therapy of psychotrauma could be a possible means of prevention of intergenerational transmission of traumatic emotions. Special attention is given to the retraum …

Urinary creatinine excretion in children from families with Balkan endemic nephropathy: evidence for genetic predisposition to the disease.

Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN) is a chronic tubulointerstitial kidney disease prevalent in Serbia, Bosnia, Croatia, Bulgaria and Romania. Genetic studies have supported the genetic predisposition to BEN, and some studies in Bulgaria and in the Kolubara region of Serbia have revealed abnormalities of the urinary tract in up to 46% of children from families with BEN. In the present study, urinary excretion of creatinine, an index of muscle mass, was studied in 703 healthy children from endemic and non-endemic areas around the South Morava River. The survey covered a three-year period, and the …

Validation of the Croatian Visual Function Classification System and subtype-specific differences in cerebral palsy.

The Visual Function Classification System (VFCS) provides a standardised framework for grading visual functioning in children with cerebral palsy (CP). This study evaluated the reliability and construct validity of the Croatian VFCS, and its ability to distinguish visual functioning across CP subtypes and functional classifications. Ninety-five children with CP (mean age: 11.8 years, range: 4-18) were assessed using VFCS, Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), Manual Ability Classification System (MACS), and Communication Function Classification System (CFCS). Reliability was test…

Cetacean species found stranded along Croatian coast of the Adriatic Sea as bioindicators of non-essential trace elements in the environment.

In tissues of toothed whales from the Adriatic Sea (muscle, liver, kidney, lung, spleen, adipose tissue and skin) the concentrations of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) were analysed. In total, 186 dolphins were analysed; 155 bottlenose (Tursiops truncatus), 25 striped (Stenella coeruleoalba) and 6 Risso's dolphins (Grampus griseus). Cadmium concentrations in tissue samples ranged from 0.001 mg/kg in muscle to 16.8 mg/kg wet weight in kidney. Arsenic concentrations in dolphin samples ranged from 0.010 to 12.9 mg/kg ww. The lowest As concentration was found in spleen and highest in live

ORAL HEALTH STATUS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE.

The aim is to point to oral health status in patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The study included 106 patients diagnosed with COPD who were treated at the Special Hospital for Pulmonary Diseases, Zagreb, Croatia. The World Health Organization questionnaire for oral health in adults was used as a validated measure to assess oral health. Results were compared based on the severity of the disease according to the GOLD classification, long term oxygen therapy, and their smoking habits. Most patients (61.3%) had less than 10 teeth. Also, 82.2% of the patients had…

Pharmaceutical company PLIVA: from Nobel laureate Vladimir Prelog to global blockbuster - antibiotic azithromycin.

The history of the Croatian pharmaceutical company PLIVA from the very beginning to the status of a recognisable European and global player is described. Special attention is paid to PLIVA's cooperation with the Croatian Nobel laureate Vladimir Prelog and the invention of the proprietary antibiotic azithromycin. The antibiotic was commercialised in cooperation with the US-based company Pfizer. PLIVA's predecessor was Kaštel, Factory for Chemico-Pharmaceutical Products Joint-Stock Company. It was founded in 1920 in Karlovac, Croatia to continue operation in Zagreb in 1928. Eventually it was inc…

Serological and molecular characterisation of the most prevalent weak D variants in Croatian population.

INTRODUCTION: Existence of hundreds of RHD gene variants contributes to variable D antigen expression and inconsistencies in reporting the R … ifferent clones of anti-D reagents. CONCLUSION: Weak D type 1 is the most common weak D variant in Croatian blood donor population. The frequency of D variants and distribution of Rh phenotypes in our study was in concordance with other studies. It has been shown that serological methods and the combination of clones used, cannot distinguish variant D ty …

EFFECT OF SUN EXPOSURE DURATION ON CYCLOOXYGENASE-2 EXPRESSION IN THE CONJUNCTIVA.

Pterygium is a multifactorial proliferative pathologic change of bulbar conjunctiva. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the duration of exposure to solar radiation (expressed in years) on the incidence of positive cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) finding in conjunctival tissue in two groups of patients. Group 1 consisted of 68 patients with primary pterygium having undergone conjunctival autograft transplantation. Group 2 consisted of 43 patients with morphologically unchanged conjunctivae that were harvested during cataract surgery. All 111 specimens were submitted to immunohist

Will the war for the Croatian Homeland War veterans ever end?

The aim of this paper is to show the psychological consequences of participation in the Homeland War and experienced trauma which can indirectly be seen through drawing even after more than 15 years after the war had ended. The research was conducted on a sample of 125 patients of both genders treated in the Daily Hospital program of University Hospital Dubrava, Psychiatry Clinics. All the tested had trauma in their medical history and all of them met the PTSD diagnostic criteria, 75 examinees participated in the Homeland War and they represent the veteran group, and 50 examinees went through

Characteristics of different phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome based on the Rotterdam criteria in the Croatian population.

The aim of this study was to calculate the relative prevalence of all phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to compare them for anthropometrical, hormonal and metabolic differences according to the Rotterdam Criteria. A total of 300 women with PCOS aged 26.7 +/- 5.6 years (mean +/- SD) and 100 women aged 28.3 +/- 4.1 years (mean +/- SD) were included in a control group. Anthropometrical, hormonal and metabolic parameters were compared between the groups. The most prevalent phenotype in our population was the most severe, phenotype A (56.7%), followed by phenotype D (26.7%) and phe

Kidney transplantation in elderly patients.

The Eurotransplant Senior Program (ESP) allocates kidneys from elderly donors to elderly recipients (> or = 65 years old). During the last 39 years, 922 kidney transplantations were performed in our transplant center. We retrospectively analysed patients included in the ESP from the our center. Eleven patients > or = 65 years old recieved kidney from donors 65 years old. Cold ischemia time was approximately 15 hours. Dual kidney transplantation was performed in one patient. Appropriate immunosuppressive protocol was given to all patients. Surgical complications were relatively common and inclu

[Diet as a cardiovascular risk factor in family medicine].

Although Mediterranean country by its geographic position, according to cardiovascular mortality (CVM) rate, Croatia belongs to Central-East European countries with high CV mortality. Prevention by changing nutritional habits is population (public health programmes) or individually targeted. General practitioner (GP) provides care for whole person in its environment and GP's team plays a key role in achieving lifestyle changes. GPs intervention is individually/group/family targeted by counselling or using printed leaflets (individual manner, organized programmes). Adherence to lifestyle change…

Evaluation of micronucleus and erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities in Balkan whip snake Hierophis gemonensis.

Over recent years, changes of erythrocytic nuclei have been increasingly used to evaluate genotoxic effects of different compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (benzo-a-pyrene, naphthalene, β-naphthoflavone), heavy metals (cadmium, mercury), textile mill effluent especially in aquatic ecosystem. However, in fish, both micronuclei and erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities also appear spontaneously and their frequency can be seasonally dependent. The aim of the study was to evaluate the frequency of micronuclei (MN), nuclear abnormalities (NA) including vacuolated nuclei (VN) and cytopl

What associates Charles Bonnet syndrome with age-related macular degeneration?

Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) is a condition related to patients with visual loss due to age related macular degeneration or glaucoma that are having complex visual hallucinations. The CBS was first described by Swiss physician Charles Bonnet in 1760. Affected patients, who are otherwise mentally healthy people with significant visual loss, have vivid, complex recurrent visual hallucinations (VHs). One characteristic of these hallucinations is that they usually are "Lilliputian hallucinations" as patients experience micropsia (hallucinations in which the characters or objects are distorted and