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Dengue protease-mediated activation and polarization of macrophages.

Structural proteins of viruses are well recognized as major determinants of host immune responses. However, increasing evidence indicates that viral non-structural proteins can also be released from infected cells under inflammatory conditions, including via extracellular vesicles and inflammasome-associated cell death. The immunological consequences of such extracellular exposure of viral non-structural proteins remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated a non-canonical extracellular function of the dengue virus NS2B/NS3 protease and examined its ability to modulate macrophage activation…

Dengue NS1 as a Driver of Immune-Mediated Pathogenesis.

Dengue infection remains a major global health concern, with a subset of patients progressing from self-limited dengue fever to severe disease characterised by plasma leakage, shock, and organ dysfunction. The dengue non-structural protein 1 (NS1), a multifunctional glycoprotein expressed on infected cells and secreted into circulation, has emerged as a key mediator linking viral infection to immune-driven vascular pathology. This review synthesises experimental, animal, and human clinical evidence on NS1-driven immunopathogenesis, focusing on mechanisms leading to endothelial dysfunction and …

Diagnosis and Outcome of a Fulminant Case of Dengue Myocarditis.

BACKGROUND: Dengue is a viral zoonotic disease found in tropical and subtropical countries and transmitted by arthropod vectors, primarily Aedes mosquitoes. Dengue manifestations vary, and reinfection can trigger severe disease, including myocarditis. Nonspecific symptoms and serologic cross-reactivity among flaviviruses make etiological diagnosis difficult. CASE SUMMARY: A 21-year-old otherwise healthy woman presented with fever and cardiogenic shock requiring mechanical circulatory support after returning from Brazil. Dengue virus (DENV) serotype-2 antibodies were found, with evidence of pr…

Dengue and the Heart: A Retrospective Study of Electrocardiographic Changes.

INTRODUCTION: Dengue fever, an arboviral infection, has been associated with various systemic complications, including cardiac involvement. Electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities in dengue are underreported but may indicate transient or serious myocardial dysfunction. This study aims to assess the prevalence and nature of ECG changes, especially sinus bradycardia, in patients with dengue fever and to examine their correlation with clinical and laboratory parameters. METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of General Medicine, Indira Gandhi Medical Coll…

Prognostic Models in Patients with Dengue: A Systematic Review.

There is uncertainty regarding the usefulness of predictive models for dengue prognosis. We performed a systematic review to identify and evaluate prognostic models in patients with dengue. We conducted a literature search in PubMed, Embase, and Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS) up to May 24, 2023. We included case-control and cohort studies that developed or validated multivariable prognostic models related to severity, hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, or mortality in patients of any age with a laboratory-based diagnosis of dengue. A…

Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus in a Patient with Dengue Fever.

Dengue fever is an infectious disease transmitted by mosquitoes and caused by the flavivirus. Dengue fever is endemic in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. The clinical presentation of dengue varies from being asymptomatic to developing severe complications such as dengue hemorrhagic fever, dengue shock syndrome, and dengue-expanded syndrome. Unlike most arboviral infections, neurological symptoms are not typically associated with the dengue virus, rarely causing neurological dysfunction with encephalitis and seizures. Here, we report a case of a 26-year-old patient who presented wit…

The Effectiveness of Dengue Vector Control: A Meta-Review.

BACKGROUND: Dengue vector control plays an important role in reducing the burden of dengue infection. This study aimed to summarise the evidence of published systematic reviews on the efficacy of dengue vector control interventions. METHODS: Systematic reviews of cluster randomised controlled trials and randomised controlled trials in populations/people exposed to the risk of dengue infection in the presence of the vector were included. All dengue vector control, all comparators and any outcomes were considered in this review. Electronic databases and reference lists were searched. Screening,…

B cells and dengue: A cat-and-mouse game.

Repeated dengue infections elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies that are protective against severe disease.

Рекомендации в отношении применения вакцины против денге среди пожилого населения.

Денге — это инфекция, переносимая комарами, эндемична для тропических и субтропических районов, от которой страдают сотни миллионов людей во всем мире. Несмотря на то, что эта болезнь когда-то считалась забытой, за последнее десятилетие уровень заболеваемости и смертности денге резко возрос, что отчасти объясняется расширением распределения вектора эдеса, чему способствует изменение климатических факторов. Хотя большинство инфекций являются асимптомами или вызывают мягкие симптомы, похожие на грипп, некоторые случаи могут проявляться в тяжелых формах, что приводит к серьезным осложнениям. Брем

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Dengue is a mosquito-borne flaviviral disease that is endemic to tropical and subtropical regions, affecting hundreds of millions of people worldwide. Although it was once considered a neglected disease, the incidence and mortality rates of dengue have surged over the past decade, in part due to the expanding distribution of the Aedes spp. vector facilitated…

Dengue Severity Prediction in a Hyperendemic Region in Colombia.

BACKGROUND: Early detection of severe dengue (SD) is crucial in preventing life-threatening complications. Despite its importance, comprehensive knowledge about these early indicators is still limited. This study aimed to identify predictors of SD in a hyperendemic region of Colombia. METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from 2018 to 2022, encompassing 233 patients. By utilizing the 2009 World Health Organization dengue classifications, cases were differentiated between severe dengue (SD) and non-severe dengue (non-SD). Among these, 47 were confirmed as SD. Association…

Standard operating protocol for dengue diagnosis and management.

Dengue outbreaks in low- and middle-income countries contribute to significant hospital burden and preventable deaths. Early diagnosis and severity assessment are crucial to reduce unnecessary hospitalisation and prevent dengue-related complications. This standard operating protocol outlines a practical approach to diagnosis, triage, and fluid management based on current evidence and expert consensus. Hospitalisation and intravenous fluids are recommended for patients with warning signs, plasma leakage, or severe dengue. Judicious fluid administration is essential to avoid complications from b…

Dengue in patients with kidney transplant: a systematic review.

INTRODUCTION: The incidence of dengue and its complications increases globally, mainly in areas where it is endemic; however, little literature evaluates outcomes in kidney transplant recipients (KTR). The present analysis aimed to determine the incidence, signs and symptoms, and allograft dysfunction in dengue-infected KTR. METHODS: Systematic review of the literature following PRISMA 2020 indications with studies included until November 24, 2023. RESULTS: Of 309 articles found, seven full-text studies were identified for analysis. 4337 KTRs with 214 dengue cases were evaluated. The inciden…

Human microbiota in dengue infection: A narrative review.

Dengue fever, a widespread mosquito-borne viral infection in tropical regions, typically manifests fever and gastrointestinal symptoms, including nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. However, the human gut microbiota's role in dengue pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. Studies have demonstrated dysbiosis during dengue virus infection, characterized by increased abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria like Bacteroidaceae and Proteobacteria, particularly during the critical phase. Furthermore, microbial translocation and leaky gut syndrome, characterized by the translocation of intesti…

Chikungunya and Dengue Encephalitis: A Critical Narrative Review.

Viral encephalitis is one of the leading presenting features of neurologic emergencies in tropical and subtropical areas. Chikungunya encephalitis (CE) and dengue encephalitis (DE) are important neurologic disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) with increased morbidity and mortality. This review discusses the pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnostic workup, and management of CE and DE, and provides insights into the vector-borne diseases with the help of literature obtained from clinical studies, reviews, and case series/reports. Chikungunya, as well as dengue viruses, are spread by …

Between- and within-host mutation of dengue virus.

RNA viruses exhibit high mutation rates, leading to multiple haplotypes (also referred to as quasi-species) within infected hosts and have been described in both acute (e.g. Influenza, DENV) and chronic (e.g. HIV, HCV) infections. This study characterises the mutation hotspots in DENV genomes at both consensus and haplotype levels. Near full-length DENV genomes were sequenced using Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT) from Sri Lankan dengue patients recruited between 2017 and 2020. Consensus sequences were made with Minimap-2, and haplotypes were reconstructed with Nano-Q, a tool designed for esti…

Lung Manifestation of Dengue Fever: A Retrospective Study.

Introduction Dengue fever, caused by the dengue virus transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, is a significant public health concern globally. Its resurgence in recent years, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, has led to increased morbidity and mortality rates. Atypical manifestations, involving the cardiac, liver, gut, renal, blood, bone, nervous, and respiratory systems, in dengue, can complicate both diagnosis and management. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of lung manifestations in dengue-infected individuals and their correlation with patient outcomes. Backgr…

CLINICAL PROFILE OF EXPANDED DENGUE SYNDROME IN CHILDREN.

The objective is to study the clinical profile and outcome of expanded dengue syndrome (EDS) in children. We conducted a retrospective cohort study and enrolled consecutive children (1 month to 18 years) who presented with dengue fever for over 1 year. The diagnosis of dengue fever was confirmed by the presence of dengue NS1 antigen and/or dengue IgM positivity. Subsequently, we identified children exhibiting EDS according to the revised World Health Organization guidelines (2011). We compared the clinical and laboratory profiles of children diagnosed with EDS and those without EDS. Of 178 chi…