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Intra-Islet Duct Formation and Gastric-Type Metaplasia in CRY1 C414A Transgenic Mice: Association with Endocrine Cell Plasticity and α-Cell Localization.

BACKGROUND: Transgenic mice expressing the C414A-mutant cryptochrome 1 (CRY1 C414A) develop diabetes with progressive β-cell senescence and the formation of mucinous intra-islet ductal lesions. These lesions exhibit features resembling metaplasia; however, their molecular basis and the potential involvement of endocrine cells remain unclear. This study aimed to define the metaplasia-like program in intra-islet ducts and to characterize endocrine cell phenotypes in this context. METHODS: Gene expression microarrays were analyzed using islets from aged CRY1 C414A transgenic and wild-type mice.

First Case of Mature Teratoma and Yolk Sac Testis Tumor Associated to Inherited MEN-1 Syndrome.

Introduction: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is an autosomal dominantly inherited endocrine tumor syndrome characterized by the … g MEN-1 affected patients and that a prompt screening for neoplastic disease should involve all the endocrine glands.

Pancreatic mixed ductal-islet tumors. Is this an entity?

Thirty-eight human pancreatic cancer specimens were studied for the reactivity of cancer cells with monoclonal antibodies against insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, pancreatic polypeptide (PP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), gastrin, calcitonin, and with argyrophilic reactivity. Immunoreactivity with one or several antibodies or argyrophilic reactivity were found in 30 (79%) cases. In 17 cases, the number of endocrine cells was excessive and morphologically consistent with the mixed ductal-islet tumor. Although most immunoreactive cells were located at the base of the malignant glands, som

Tumour pathology of the neuron-paraneuron system and its evolutionary background, with special attention to neuro-endocrine differentiation in prostate and mammary carcinomas.

From results of phylogenetical investigations of the neuron-paraneuron or neuroendocrine system it is known that cells producing hormonal peptides appear first in the nervous system, then also as disseminated cells of an open or closed type in the mucosa of the alimentary tract, and, lastly, as the parenchyma of the classical endocrine glands. In all these three parts of the neuroendocrine system the parenchymal cells can undergo neoplastic transformation, expressing "eutopic" and/or "ectopic" peptide hormones and/or biogenic amines. The neuro-paraneuronal tumours arising in the central or per…

Endocrine-skin interactions. Cutaneous manifestations of adrenal disease, pheochromocytomas, carcinoid syndrome, sex hormone excess and deficiency, polyglandular autoimmune syndromes, multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes, and other miscellaneous disorders.

Endocrinologic disorders occasionally manifest themselves by their associated and/or induced cutaneous abnormalities. In some instances, the initial and most prominent complaints of the patient are related to alterations in the skin, and therefore the dermatologist will at times be the first physician consulted. In this review we describe the cutaneous lesions that occur in patients with Cushing's syndrome, adrenal insufficiency, pheochromocytomas, carcinoid syndrome, sex hormone excess or deficiency, polyglandular autoimmune syndromes, and multiple neoplasia syndromes. Additionally, we discus

Автоантифиды острова во взрослом возрасте с перитуарной и оварской автономностью: последствия для типа 1 Скрининг диабета.

ЦЕЛЬ: Тип 1 диабет представляет собой хроническое аутоиммунное заболевание, характеризующееся постепенным разрушением поджелудочной клетки β-клеток и ранним появлением излетных автоантител (Islet-AAb) на предсимптомных этапах. Учитывая растущий интерес к скринингу и профилактике типа 1 Это исследование было направлено на оценку распространенности поджелудочной автоматической эмиссии у взрослых с другими аутентическими организмами, характерными для конкретных органов, с тем чтобы выявить потенциальные целевые группы для программ скрининга.МЕТОДЫ: Взрослые, прошедшие ранее проверку на наличие ав

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
PURPOSE: Type 1 diabetes is a chronic autoimmune disease characterised by progressive pancreatic β-cell destruction and the early appearance … ions for screening programs. METHODS: Adults previously tested for autoantibodies against specific endocrine glands and/or gastric parietal cells by indirect immunofluorescence were divided into two groups (Autoimmunity group and Control group), according to the presence of at least one organ-specific autoantibody. Stored serum samples from all participants were …

Crucial Role of Juvenile Hormone Receptor Components Methoprene-Tolerant and Taiman in Sexual Maturation of Adult Male Desert Locusts.

Currently (2020), Africa and Asia are experiencing the worst desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria) plague in decades. Exceptionally high rai … Scg-Met knockdown locusts. Interestingly, in these animals the size of the corpora allata (CA), the endocrine glands where JH is synthesized, was significantly increased, as well as the transcript level of JH acid methyltransferase (JHAMT), a rate-limiting enzyme in the JH biosynthesis pathway. Moreover, other endocrine pathways appeared to be affected by the knoc …

[Autoimmune hypophysitis. Review of the literature and a case report].

Lymphoid hypophysitis is a rare disease (fewer than 30 cases) which is associated with lymphocytic infiltration of the pituitary gland with complete or partial hypopituitarism, pituitary mass, and occurrence exclusively in women, often during pregnancy or in the postpartum period. The majority of the women had autoimmune endocrine and not endocrine disorders and in some cases antipituitary antibodies were present. For these reasons an autoimmune cause has been suggested. We report a patient in menopause with chronic thyroiditis and anti nuclear, anti smooth muscle and anti mitochondrial autoan

Allele loss on chromosome 11 in a pituitary tumor from a patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1.

We have examined the allele loss of chromosome 11 in a pituitary tumor from a patient with familial multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1). The extensive loss of chromosome 11, including loci of D11S149, HRAS1 and F2, was detected by the loss of heterozygosity. All of the lost alleles of these loci were transmitted from the unaffected father and not from an affected mother. This is the first evidence of allele loss of chromosome 11 in a pituitary tumor of MEN 1 and supports the idea that similar allelic deletion of MEN1 locus on chromosome 11 is the common genetic basis for tumorigenesis

Dermatologic manifestations of endocrine disorders.

The skin serves as a window for clinicians to understand, diagnose, and monitor endocrine disease. Dermatologic manifestations of endocrinopathies contribute significantly to an individual's health and quality of life. In this review, we outline various disorders of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, thyroid gland, pancreas, adrenal gland, and androgen axis as well as hereditary endocrine syndromes. In acromegaly, glycosaminoglycan deposition contributes to a thickening of skin and soft tissue, which manifests as coarsening and enlargement of facial and acral structures. Stimulation of the thyro

The complex of myxomas, spotty skin pigmentation and endocrine overactivity (Carney complex): imaging findings with clinical and pathological correlation.

The complex of myxomas, spotty skin pigmentation and endocrine overactivity, or Carney complex (CNC), is a familial multiple endocrine neopl … s a characteristic feature of the syndrome. Affected CNC patients often have tumours of two or more endocrine glands, including primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease (PPNAD), an adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH)-independent cause of Cushing's syndrome, growth hormone (GH)-secreting and prolactin (PRL)-secreting pituitary adenomas, thyroid adenomas or c …

Addison disease and normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism in a dog with multiple endocrine neoplasia.

A 12-year old dog with a 9-year history of primary adrenal insufficiency was referred to the service for hyporexia, muscle weakness, polyuria and polydipsia. Ultrasound examination showed an unresectable mass in the left adrenal gland, with local vascular invasion, which prompted the euthanasia of the animal. Additionally, necropsy revealed a nodular lesion in the right adrenal gland and enlargement of one of the four parathyroid glands. Parathyroid hormone levels were elevated, but ionized and total calcium levels were normal. Histopathology supported the diagnosis of parathyroid chief cell a

Constitutively active thyrotropin and thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptors and their inverse agonists.

Receptors for thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone-TSH) are important regulators of the function of the TSH-producing cells of the anterior pituitary gland and the thyroid gland, respectively, and thereby play a central role in thyroid hormone homeostasis. Although the roles of TRH- and TSH-stimulated signaling in these endocrine glands are well understood, these receptors are expressed in other sites and their roles in these extraglandular tissues are less well known. Moreover, one of the two subtypes of TRH receptors (TRH-R2) and the single TSH rec…

Management of primary hyperparathyroidism caused by multiple gland disease.

Multiple gland parathyroid disease is the pathological finding in primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) in about 10% to 20% of all patients and in approximately a third of all patients with persistent or recurrent disease. The variability of multiple gland disease spans from 2 adenomas to diffuse hyperplasia in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. This variability calls into question the proposed common pathophysiologic background in all of these cases. As primary treatment of multiple gland primary HPT, subtotal parathyroidectomy and thymectomy or total parathyroidectomy and heterot

LncRNA-PANDAR regulates the progression of thyroid carcinoma by targeting miR-637/KLK4.

Thyroid gland carcinoma (TC) originates from follicular or parafollicular thyroid cells and is one of the most common endocrine organ malignancies. To explore the molecular mechanism by which long-chain non-coding RNAs regulate the growth and metastasis of thyroid gland carcinoma, in this study we focused on long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that have been reported to be involved in tumorigenesis. We identified Promoter Region of CDKN 1A antisense DNA damage-activated RNA (PANDAR), which was positively correlated with thyroid gland carcinoma risk. PANDAR could promote thyroid gland carcinoma cell

Stem cells and cancer stem-like cells in endocrine tissues.

Cancer stem-like cells are a subpopulation of self-renewing cells that are more resistant to chemotherapy and radiation therapy than the other surrounding cancer cells. The cancer stem cell model predicts that only a subset of cancer cells possess the ability to self-renew and produce progenitor cells that can reconstitute and sustain tumor growth. Evidence supporting the existence of cancer stem-like cells in the thyroid, pituitary, and in other endocrine tissues is rapidly accumulating. These cells have been studied using specific biomarkers including: CD133, CD44, Nestin, Nanog, and aldehyd

[Primary hyperparathyroidism and vitamin D deficiency].

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is the third most common endocrine disease after diabetes mellitus and thyroid pathology. Recent epidemiological and experimental data have shown that long-term maintenance of low vitamin D levels in the blood can lead to the development of hyperplastic processes in the cells of the parathyroid glands, followed by autonomous production of parathyroid hormone. In PHPT vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency according to various sources occurs with a frequency of 5377% of cases. The literature review indicates more severe disease in patients with concomitant vita

18F-DOPA PET/CT Physiological Distribution and Pitfalls: Experience in 215 Patients.

PURPOSE: F-DOPA PET/CT is potentially helpful in the management of patients with low-grade brain tumors, movement disorders, and somatic neuroendocrine tumors. We describe the whole-body physiological distribution of F-DOPA uptake. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We examined 215 patients with F-DOPA PET/CT. Among these, 161 had brain scans and 54 had whole-body scans. RESULTS: Physiological distribution was negligible in the brain, with the exception of basal ganglia, whereas greatest activity was noted in the liver, pancreas, other exocrine glands, and the urinary system. Incidental tracer uptake sit

Surgical approach to the patient with familial hyperparathyroidism.

Familial hyperparathyroidism encompasses the diagnoses of multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type 1, MEN type 2A, and familial isolated primary hyperparathyroidism. All patients should undergo bilateral neck exploration and identification of all four or more parathyroid glands to evaluate for gross abnormalities. MEN-1 patients should have subtotal parathyroidectomy and cervical thymectomy because this operation achieves an appropriate balance between optimizing the potential for cure yet minimizing the risk of permanent hypocalcemia. However, MEN-2A patients may best be treated by selective r

Hershberger assay to investigate the effects of endocrine-disrupting compounds with androgenic or antiandrogenic activity in castrate-immature male rats.

The protocol described in this unit is designed to evaluate the effects of androgenic and antiandrogenic endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) in the castrate-immature male rat. Continuous 10-day exposure of the prepubertal male to chemicals is used to identify androgenic or antiandrogenic activities based on the weights of several androgen-dependent tissues on the day after treatment is ended. Androgen-dependent organ weights and growth, along with kidney, liver, and adrenal weights are measured at necropsy. The androgen-dependent tissues include the ventral prostate, seminal vesicles (with f