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A systems-pharmacology analysis of herbal medicines used in health improvement treatment: predicting potential new drugs and targets.

For thousands of years, tonic herbs have been successfully used all around the world to improve health, energy, and vitality. However, their underlying mechanisms of action in molecular/systems levels are still a mystery. In this work, two sets of tonic herbs, so called Qi-enriching herbs (QEH) and Blood-tonifying herbs (BTH) in TCM, were selected to elucidate why they can restore proper balance and harmony inside body, organ and energy system. Firstly, a pattern recognition model based on artificial neural network and discriminant analysis for assessing the molecular difference between QEH an

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… For example, ginsenoside Rg1 has been demonstrated possessing significant immunomodulatory activity and ginsenoside-Rb2 which can inhibit lung tumor metastasis. 61 compounds from Dioscorea opposite include ergosterol, one of major ingredients in this herb, were obtained. … PPAR-gamma, PRSS1 | Rradix astragali | Calycosin | HSD17B3, GLO1, MCHR1 | [ 76 ] Ginseng | Ginsenoside-Rb1 | GSK3B | [ 61 ] Ginseng | Ginsenoside-Rg3 | PRKAG2, PPAR-gamma | Dioscorea opposite | Diosgenin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside | HSD17B3, FAS, NR1I2, AKT1, MTOR AKT1, MTOR | [ 77 ] Dioscorea opposite | ergosterol …

Воздействие витамина D на герпесвирусные инфекции.

Помимо своей классической роли в регулировании метаболизма кальция и фосфата, витамин D также оказывает значительное влияние на модуляцию иммунитета. Витамин D регулирует иммунную реакцию, переходя от воспламенительного состояния к более толерогенному one путем увеличения выброса антивоспалительных цитокинов при одновременном ослаблении регулирования проинфламаторных цитокинов. Таким образом, низкий уровень витамина D связан с повышенным риском возникновения аутоиммунных заболеваний, таких, как множественный склероз и тип 1 диабет. Кроме того, этот прохормон также способствует высвобождению хо

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… Vitamin D2 is synthesized from ergosterol and can be found in mushrooms and plants. On the other hand, vitamin D3 is produced endogenously in the skin from the cholesterol precursor 7-dehydrocholesterol when exposed to sunlight, which is the main source of vitamin D for humans [ 1 ]. …

The protective and chemotherapeutical role of amygdalin in induced mammary cancer in experimental mice and upregulation of related genes.

Breast cancer is a prominent health issue among oncological diseases in emerging nations. The study sought to assess the significant function of amygdalin as a protective and chemotherapeutical substance in combating this lethal condition, either independently or in conjunction with tamoxifen therapy. Breast cancer in mice was induced by 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA). Mice were divided into six groups, 15 mice in each group. (i) control group, (ii) carcinogenic group, (iii) tamoxifen-treated group, (iv) Amygdalin-treated group, (v) (Amygdalin + tamoxifen) group, (vi) Amygdalin protecti

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… Dong Z Sun Y Wei G Li S Zhao Z Ergosterol ameliorates diabetic nephropathy by attenuating mesangial cell proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition via the TGF-β1/Smad2 signaling pathway Nutrients 2019 11 483 10.3390/nu11020483 30823598 PMC6412245 Dong, Z., Sun, Y., Wei, G., Li, S. & Zhao, Z. … Ergosterol ameliorates diabetic nephropathy by attenuating mesangial cell proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition via the TGF-β1/Smad2 signaling pathway. Nutrients 11 , 483 (2019). 30823598 10.3390/nu11020483 PMC6412245 54. …

Medicinal Mushrooms: Bioactive Compounds, Use, and Clinical Trials.

Medicinal mushrooms have important health benefits and exhibit a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities, including antiallergic, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, antiviral, cytotoxic, immunomodulating, antidepressive, antihyperlipidemic, antidiabetic, digestive, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, nephroprotective, osteoprotective, and hypotensive activities. The growing interest in mycotherapy requires a strong commitment from the scientific community to expand clinical trials and to propose supplements of safe origin and genetic purity. Bioactive compounds of

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… there are also peptides (GLP from the water-soluble extract, perhaps the main agent responsible for the fungus’s alternative oxidase (AOX) activity), peptidoglycans (GLPP, capable of neutralizing ROS damage in rat macrophages; ganoderan C with hypoglycemic activity), polyphenols, ergostan sterols and ergosterol … Lange) Imbach Agaricus bisporus contain beta-glucans, ergosterol, ergothioneine, vitamin D, and flavonoids, with varying concentrations depending on the cooking method and duration, and UVB exposure [ 52 ]. …

Сосуществование Лактиплантацилла и Виккерхамомиц в верхнем слое сахарного тростника стимулирует потенциальное подавление патогенов и аэробную стабильность за счет увеличения производства лактической кислоты и уксусной кислоты.

Чтобы определить сосуществующие бактерии и дрожжи в верхнем слое сахарного тростника, которые определяют качество ферментации и повышают безопасность корма, мы манипулировали эпифитической микробиотой сверху сахарного тростника путем селективного подавления дрожжей (АФ) или бактерий с лактической кислотой (АБ) перед повторной цензурой, используя в качестве контроля неочищенные (КК) и стерилизованные стерилизованные силизы (НА). Результаты показывают, что высокоурожайное производство лактической кислоты и уксусной кислоты (p) < 0.05), лучшая аэробная стабильность и высокая плотность Лактипланта

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… : penicillin and streptomycin inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis and protein synthesis, respectively [ 24 , 25 ]; cefotaxime, tetracycline and ciprofloxacin provide broad‑spectrum coverage against Gram‑negative bacteria and potential resistant strains [ 25 ]; natamycin inhibits fungal growth via ergosterol‑dependent … inhibition of membrane transport proteins [ 26 ]; fluconazole, itraconazole and voriconazole inhibit ergosterol biosynthesis via 14α‑sterol demethylase [ 27 ]. …

The role of vitamin D in hematologic disease and stem cell transplantation.

Vitamin D is a steroid hormone with a broad range of biological effects ranging from the classical role as a mediator of calcium and phosphate balance to cellular differentiation and immune modulation. These effects impact normal and dysfunctional hematopoietic and immune function, which may allow an avenue for improved treatment and support of patients suffering from hematologic disorders. In this review, we will summarize the role of vitamin D in normal hematopoiesis, discuss ways in which vitamin D may improve outcomes, and discuss a potential role of vitamin D for treating hematologic diso

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… Vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) is produced in some fungi and invertebrates in an analogous manner, as ergosterol is converted to ergocalciferol with UVB light as a necessary cofactor [ 2 ]. …

Effect of a Medicinal Agaricus blazei Murill-Based Mushroom Extract, AndoSan™, on Symptoms, Fatigue and Quality of Life in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis in a Randomized Single-Blinded Placebo Controlled Study.

BackgroundIngestion of AndoSan™, based on the mushroom Agaricus blazei Murill, has previously been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory effects because of reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines in healthy individuals and patients with ulcerative colitis. In this randomized single-blinded placebo controlled study we examined whether intake of AndoSan™ also resulted in clinical effects.Methods and findings50 patients with symptomatic ulcerative colitis were block-randomized and blinded for oral daily intake of AndoSan™ or placebo for the 21 days' experimental period. The patients reported scores

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… Ltd., Gifu-ken, Japan), composed of AbM (82.4%), He (14.7%) and Gf (2.9%), contain immunomodulatory ß-glucans but also other biologically active substances like α-glucans [ 4 ], proteoglucans [ 5 ], lectins [ 6 ], ergosterol (provitamin D2) [ 7 ], agaritine [ 8 ], isoflavonoids [ 9 ], anti-oxidant substances …

Infectious Diseases

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The Role of Drug Repurposing in the Development of Novel Antimicrobial Drugs: Non-Antibiotic Pharmacological Agents as Quorum Sensing-Inhibitors.

Background: The emergence of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) is a global public health issue, severely hindering clinicians in administering appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Drug repurposing is a drug development strategy, during which new pharmacological applications are identified for already approved drugs. From the viewpoint of the development of virulence inhibitors, inhibition of quorum sensing (QS) is a promising route because various important features in bacterial physiology and virulence are mediated by QS-dependent gene expression. Methods: Forty-five pharmacological agents,

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… Cholecalciferol, Ergosterol, and Cholesterol Enhance the Antibiotic Activity of Drugs Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res. 2018 88 244 250 10.1024/0300-9831/a000268 31124408 116. Andrade J.C. Morais Braga M.F.B. Guedes G.M.M. Tintino S.R. Freitas M.A. Quintans L.J. Menezes I.R.A. Coutinho H.D.M. …

Drug Repurposing Approaches towards Defeating Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Pathogens: Novel Polymyxin/Non-Antibiotic Combinations.

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative pathogens remain an unmet public health threat. In recent times, increased rates of resistance have been reported not only to commonly used antibiotics, but also to the last-resort antibiotics, such as polymyxins. More worryingly, despite the current trends in resistance, there is a lack of new antibiotics in the drug-discovery pipeline. Hence, it is imperative that new strategies are developed to preserve the clinical efficacy of the current antibiotics, particularly the last-line agents. Combining conventional antibiotics such as polymyxins with non-an

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… Saperconazole: A selective inhibitor of the cytochrome P-450-dependent ergosterol synthesis in Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus and Trichophyton mentagrophytes Mycoses 1990 33 335 352 10.1111/myc.1990.33.7-8.335 2090934 109. Tabatabaei S.A. Soleimani M. Mansouri M.R. Mirshahi A. Inanlou B. …

Natural bioactive molecules and chemotherapeutics synergism for enhanced cancer therapy.

BACKGROUND: Chemotherapy remains a foundation of cancer care but is limited by multidrug resistance, systemic toxicities, and suboptimal selectivity, prompting interest in adjunctive strategies that improve efficacy and tolerability without adding significant burden to patients or healthcare systems. AIMS/OBJECTIVES: This review highlights evidence on natural bioactive compounds, including polyphenols, alkaloids, terpenoids, and fungal metabolites, as adjuvants to standard chemotherapeutics, with objectives to: first, delineate mechanisms by which these agents enhance cytotoxic efficacy and o

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… Misgiati et al. extracted ergosterol from Agaricus blazei Murill using n -hexane and found it exhibited significant anticancer activity against MCF-7 cells, with an IC50 of 43.10 µg/mL, working through cell cycle inhibition and apoptosis induction [ 77 ]. … | Breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) | [ 69 ] Cordyceps militaris adenosine | Cordyceps militaris mushroom | Induces autophagic death via ENT1/AMPK/mTOR pathway | Ovarian cancer | [ 70 ] Ganoderma lucidum | Ganoderma lucidum mushroom | Activates ERK pathway via ROS | Ovarian cancer | [ 71 ] Agaricus blazei ergosterol …

A review on clinical cases of rare mold infections and their antifungal treatment strategies.

In recent years, with the growing population of immunocompromised individuals, infections caused by rare environmental molds have become increasingly prevalent and clinically significant. Due to frequent misdiagnosis and difficult clinical management, the overall disease burden of such infections poses a major challenge in clinical practice. This article aims to fill the knowledge gap by reviewing cases of rare mold infections from January 2020 to February 2026, analyzing the susceptible populations, identification techniques, antifungal susceptibility testing, and antifungal treatment strateg

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… These antifungal agents mainly exert their effects by inhibiting ergosterol synthesis and damaging the fungal cell membrane. However, due to the increased drug resistance of rare molds and the significant side effects of antifungal agents, the treatment outcomes are often unsatisfactory. … cinnamon essential oil have been proven in vitro to inhibit P. oxalicum through multiple mechanisms, including disrupting cell membrane integrity, impairing mitochondrial function, triggering oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, suppressing spore germination, and reducing ergosterol …

Surgical treatment of pulmonary hydatidosis: six years of experience and results at the National Hospital Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima, Peru.

Liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome) is a lipid-associated formulation of the broad-spectrum polyene antifungal agent amphotericin B. It is a … nfections. Amphotericin B, a macrocyclic, polyene antifungal agent, is thought to act by binding to ergosterol, the principal sterol in fungal cell membranes and Leishmania cells. This results in a change in membrane permeability, causing metabolic disturbance, leakage of small molecules and, as a consequence, cell death. In vitro and in vivo studies have sh …

Phosphodiesterase 7: a potential novel therapeutic target in ovarian cancer.

INTRODUCTION: Chemoresistance and disease relapses in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) highlight the need for novel therapeutic strategies. Here, we investigated phosphodiesterase 7A (PDE7A) as a potential target in ovarian cancer treatment. METHODS: Gene expression was performed by RNA sequencing data comparing high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) and fallopian tube samples. The PDE7 inhibitor BRL 50481, alone or combined with paclitaxel (PTX), was tested in drug-sensitive A2780 and multi-resistant OVCAR3 cells by Diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. To validate data from the high

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… Hydroxytakakiamide and other constituents from a marine sponge-associated fungus Aspergillus fischeri MMERU23, and antinociceptive activity of ergosterol acetate, acetylaszonalenin and helvolic acid . Mar. Drugs 22 ( 3 ), 97 . 10.3390/md22030097 38535438 PMC10971494 Barnes M. J. Cooper N. …

The Role of Myrrh Metabolites in Cancer, Inflammation, and Wound Healing: Prospects for a Multi-Targeted Drug Therapy.

BackgroundMyrrh extract is a well-known medicinal plant with significant therapeutic benefits attributed to the activity of its diverse metabolites. It has promising activity against cancer and inflammatory diseases, and could serve as a potential therapeutic alternative since most therapeutic agents have severe side effects that impair quality of life.MethodThe current study identified the active metabolites from the myrrh resin methanolic extract. Then, the extracts were tested for in vitro anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activity using cancer cell lines and Tamm-Horsfall Protein 1 (Thp-1)

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… Campes-tan-3b-ol is a phytosterol or ergosterol. Phytosterols, generally known to be a healthy source of fats, and their use is associated with a reduced risk of cancer [ 46 ]. 2.1.6. …

Clinical Features and Treatment Progress of Invasive Mucormycosis in Patients with Hematological Malignancies.

The incidence rate of invasive mucormycosis (IM) in patients with hematological malignancies (HMs) is increasing year by year, ranging from 0.07% to 4.29%, and the mortality rate is mostly higher than 50%. With the ongoing pandemic of COVID-19, COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) also became a global health threat. Patients with high risk factors such as active HMs, relapsed/refractory leukemia, prolonged neutropenia may still develop breakthrough mucormycosis (BT-MCR) even under the prophylaxis of Mucorales-active antifungals, and such patients often have higher mortality. Rhizopus spp. is

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… Oteseconazole is a novel metalloenzyme inhibitor which prevents the synthesis of ergosterol through selective inhibition of fungal lanosterol 14α-demethylase. …

Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Ganoderma lucidum in Cancer.

Triterpenoids, such as ganoderic acid, and polysaccharides, including β-D-glucans, α-D-glucans, and α-D-mannans, are the main secondary metabolites of the medicinal fungus Ganoderma lucidum. There is evidence of the effects of ganoderic acid in hematological malignancies, whose mechanisms involve the stimulation of immune response, the macrophage-like differentiation, the activation of MAP-K pathway, an IL3-dependent cytotoxic action, the induction of cytoprotective autophagy, and the induction of apoptosis. In fact, this compound has been tested in twenty-six different human cancer cell types

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… Anti-tumor and Anti-angiogenic Ergosterols from Ganoderma lucidum. Front. Chem. 2017;5:85. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2017.00085. 30. Song Y.S., Kim S.-H., Sa J.-H., Jin C., Lim C.-J., Park E.-H. …

Frailty in Aging and the Search for the Optimal Biomarker: A Review.

In the context of accelerated aging of the population worldwide, frailty has emerged as one of the main risk factors that can lead to loss of self-sufficiency in older people. This syndrome is defined as a reduced state of physiological reserve and functional capacity. The main diagnostic tools for frailty are based on scales that show deficits compared to their clinical application, such as the Fried frailty phenotype, among others. In this context, it is important to have one or more biomarkers with clinical applicability that can objectively and precisely determine the degree or risk of fra

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… Vitamin D exists in two forms: vitamin D2, which is obtained from UV radiation on the sterol of ergosterol-type yeasts and is found naturally in fungi exposed to the sun, while the influence of UVB light on the skin of humans synthesizes vitamin D3 [ 153 ]. …

Is Camphor the Future in Supporting Therapy for Skin Infections?

The aim of this review is to present the potential application of camphor-a bicyclic monoterpene ketone-in the prevention of skin infections. Skin diseases represent a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by prolonged symptoms that significantly diminish the quality of life. They affect the dermis, the epidermis, and even subcutaneous tissue. They very often have a bacterial or fungal background. Therapy for dermatological skin disorders is difficult and long-term. Therefore, it is important to find a compound, preferably of natural origin, that (i) prevents the initiation of this in

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… It did not affect the expression level of the ERG1 gene, which is involved in the biosynthesis of ergosterol. The beneficial antifungal activity of camphor was achieved at an amount that was non-toxic to porcine liver cells, making it a promising antifungal compound for future studies [ 128 ]. …

Pulmonary and Hepatic Complications of Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation

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… Fungi contain a cell membrane with ergosterol and a cell wall with beta-glucan, both targets for antifungal therapy. Voriconazole provides effective therapy for a wide range of pathogenic fungi, excluding Mucor species. …