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Trends in Food Sources and Diet Quality Among US Children and Adults, 2003-2018.

IMPORTANCE: Time trends and population disparities in nutritional quality of foods from major US sources, including grocery stores, restaura … and key sociodemographic subgroups. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Mean diet quality of foods (meals, snacks, and beverages) consumed per person, characterized by the American Heart Association diet score (range, 0-80, with higher scores indicating healthier diets), the Healthy Eating Index 2015 (range, 0-100, with higher scores indicating healthier diets) …

Oral Health of Children and Adolescents in the United Arab Emirates: A Systematic Review of the Past Decade.

Oral diseases are a universal public health problem with serious health and economic burdens. These diseases are a major concern in the pedi … caries is a major pediatric health problem in the UAE. Risk factors included higher consumption of snacks, being in public schools, lower maternal education level, and socioeconomic status. Nevertheless, risk factors were not well-explored and inconsistent across studies. Suboptimal oral hygiene practices and a low utilization of dental services were al …

[Peculiarities the main types of metabolism of students of middle educational institutions depending on the organization of the educational process and public catering].

UNLABELLED: Taking into account the fact that factors of intra-school environment are of great importance when forming health of pupils, thi … significantly reduced. Up to 87.0% of children ate at home irregularly, dry, consumed fast food and snacks. Despite the possibility of choosing a dish the rations actually consumed at school affording intensive study didn't meet the average need for nutrients and energy during breakfast (25% of the established daily need), in terms of the content of macr …

Effect of intervention aimed at increasing physical activity, reducing sedentary behaviour, and increasing fruit and vegetable consumption in children: active for Life Year 5 (AFLY5) school based cluster randomised controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of a school based intervention to increase physical activity, reduce sedentary behaviour, and in … spent in screen viewing at the weekend (-21 (-37 to -4) minutes per day), self reported servings of snacks per day (-0.22 (-0.38 to -0.05)), and servings of high energy drinks per day (-0.26 (-0.43 to -0.10)) were all reduced. Results from a series of sensitivity analyses testing different assumptions about missing data and from per protocol analyses pro …

Workplace Interventions to Improve Physical Activity, Reduce Sedentary Behavior, and Promote Healthy Diet Among Employees in Low- and Middle- Income Countries: A Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of mortality globally, with a disproportionate burden in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). The workplace presents a strategic setting for preventive interventions targeting modifiable risk factors like physical inactivity, sedentary behavior, and poor diet among adults. This systematic review aimed to synthesize evidence on the effectiveness and implementation of workplace interventions targeting physical activity, sedentary behavior, or diet among employees in LMICs. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review following PRI

Prevalence of white spot lesions in children and adolescents across Northern, Central and Southern Italy: a multicenter cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Early identification of carious lesions allows the implementation of remineralization strategies, combined with improved at-home oral hygiene and dietary modifications, to reverse the demineralization process and prevent progression to cavitation. In recent years, the prevalence of white spot lesions (WSLs) in pediatric populations has increased, highlighting the importance of their monitoring. OBJECTIVE: The present multicenter cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence of WSLs (ICDAS-II codes 1-2) among children and adolescents in northern (Trieste), central (Rome), an

Partial Meal Replacement for Weight Loss after Stroke: Results of a Pilot Clinical Trial.

INTRODUCTION: Over half of patients with acute ischemic stroke are overweight or obese as defined by a body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2. Professional and government agencies recommend weight management for these persons to improve risk factors for cardiovascular disease, including hypertension, dyslipidemia, vascular inflammation, and diabetes. However, approaches to weight loss have not been adequately tested specifically in patients with stroke. In anticipation of a larger trial with vascular or functional outcomes, we tested the feasibility and safety of a 12-week partial meal replacement (P

Effect of walnut consumption on neuropsychological development in healthy adolescents: a multi-school randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Omega-3 fatty acids are critical for neuropsychological functioning. Adolescence is increasingly believed to entail brain vulnerability to dietary intake. The potential benefit on adolescent neurodevelopment of consuming walnuts, a source of omega-3 alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), remains unclear. METHODS: We conducted a 6-month multi-school-based randomised controlled nutrition intervention trial to assess whether walnut consumption has beneficial effects on the neuropsychological and behavioural development of adolescents. The study took place between 04/01/2016 and 06/30/2017 in tw

Long-term outcomes (2 and 3.5 years post-intervention) of the INFANT early childhood intervention to improve health behaviors and reduce obesity: cluster randomised controlled trial follow-up.

BACKGROUND: The few health behavior interventions commencing in infancy have shown promising effects. Greater insight into their longer-term benefits is required. This study aimed to assess post-intervention effects of the Melbourne INFANT Program to child age 5y on diet, movement and adiposity. METHODS: Two and 3.5y post-intervention follow-up (2011-13; analyses completed 2019) of participants retained in the Melbourne INFANT Program at its conclusion (child age ~ 19 m; 2008-10) was conducted. The Melbourne INFANT Program is a 15-month, six session program delivered within first-time parent

The CHIRPY DRAGON intervention in preventing obesity in Chinese primary-school--aged children: A cluster-randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: In countries undergoing rapid economic transition such as China, rates of increase in childhood obesity exceed that in the West. … were also observed on consumption of fruit and vegetables, sugar-sweetened beverages and unhealthy snacks, screen-based sedentary behaviour, and physical activity in the intervention group. Cost effectiveness was estimated at £1,760 per QALY, with the probability of the intervention being cost effective compared with usual care being at least 95% at a w …

More than clean teeth! Identifying factors that contribute to the development of early childhood caries.

UNLABELLED: The updated systematic review by Khan et al. reviews the evidence surrounding the possible factors that could contribute to the development of early childhood caries (ECC) in children of a particular age group. This follows a previously published systematic review across 1997-2017. These factors can then be used for the development of a Caries Risk Assessment (CRA) tool. DATA SOURCES: This review aimed to identify established and updated evidence-based factors that could contribute to a child's development of Early Childhood Caries (ECC). Four online databases were used to source

Effects of wheat bran and Olestra on objective measures of stool and subjective reports of GI symptoms.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of two nondigested, nonabsorbed dietary components on objective and subjective measures of gastrointestinal (GI) function. METHODS: A placebo-controlled parallel study compared the effects of wheat bran (20 g/day or 40 g/day in cereal), a well-known dietary fiber, with those of olestra (20 g or 40 g/day in potato chips), a nonabsorbed fat, on stool output, stool apparent viscosity (log peak force for extrusion [PF]), stool water content, and GI symptoms. Sixty subjects resided on a metabolic ward for 9 days: 3 days baseline and 6 day

Associations of food reinforcement and food- related inhibitory control with adiposity and weight gain in children and adolescents.

Some, but not all studies have reported that, among youth with disordered eating and high weight, the relative reinforcing value of food (RR … e Task with the rewards being standardized servings of chocolate candies, cheese crackers, or fruit snacks. Food-related inhibitory control was determined by performance in response to food and non-food stimuli during a Food Go/No-Go task. At baseline and 3-year visits, total body adiposity was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and body …

Effectiveness of bilingual health education on obesity and dietary behaviors in Mongolian adolescents: a six-month intervention study.

BackgroundObesity among adolescents has become a global public health concern. Previous studies have shown that multidimensional interventions, such as school-based programs, health education, and guidance on diet and physical activity, effectively improve obesity in adolescents. However, there is a lack of research on bilingual health education interventions in minority language environments in rural and pastoral areas of China. Based on a 2023 field survey of students from three Mongolian middle schools in Ar Horqin Banner, Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia, this study evaluated the effect of a 6

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… Regarding snack-related behaviors, the obese group consumed snacks between meals at a significantly higher rate (41.29 vs. 33.69%, χ 2 = 4.346, P = 0.037), whereas they reported significantly lower rates of having no fixed snack time (44.52 vs. 54.03%, χ 2 = 5.245, P = 0.022). … high-fat and high-protein midnight snacks. …

A Review on the Multidisciplinary Approach for Cancer Management in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: A Focus on Nutritional, Lifestyle and Supportive Care.

Cancer is one of the leading causes of global morbidity and mortality and one of the most challenging global health conditions, impacting the lives of millions every year. The Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) is not on track to achieve the sustainable development goal (SDG) target 3.4 which aims to reduce premature mortality (i.e., before the age of 70 years) for non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including cancer, by a third by year 2030; instead, it is projected that the EMR will experience the least progress towards achieving this target. This review therefore highlights the importance of

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Nausea and vomiting [ 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 ]: Consuming 5–6 smaller, frequent meals and snacks a day. … Diarrhea [ 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 ]: Consuming around 6–8 smaller meals and snacks every 3–4 h. Having the meals and snacks at room temperature as they may be more tolerated as such. Limiting the intake of high-insoluble fiber foods such as raw vegetables, bran, nuts and seeds. …

Nutritional knowledge, attitudes and behaviours in rugby league; influences of age, body composition and ancestry.

INTRODUCTION: Rugby league is a physically demanding sport that necessitates considerable nutritional intake, focusing on quality and type, in order to optimize training and competition demands. However, rugby league athletes are reported to have inadequate nutrition intake to match these demands. Some factors that may determine an athlete's nutrition intake have been reported in other sports, including (but not limited to, knowledge, time, cooking skills, food costs, income, belief in the importance of nutrition, body composition goals, and family/cultural support). However, these potential f

Adherence to 24-h movement guidelines and its associations with dietary behavior and mental health among university students from five ASEAN countries.

OBJECTIVE: Despite growing evidence linking 24-h movement behaviors to health outcomes, there is limited research examining these relationships among university students in Southeast Asia. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and associations of adherence to 24-h movement guidelines (HMG) with dietary behaviour and mental health among university students in ASEAN. METHODS: A multi-center cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2015 included 3223 university students from five ASEAN nations-Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam-aged 18 to 30 years, se

Outcomes of acute exploratory pediatric lithium ingestions.

Objectives: To date, very little literature describes the outcomes of acute unintentional ingestions of lithium in young children. This study aimed to describe the clinical effects and outcomes reported in these patients reported to the National Poison Data System (NPDS).Methods: This is a retrospective observational study of acute unintentional lithium ingestions in children <6 years of age. The primary intent of the study was to characterize acute unintentional exposures to lithium in children in this age group. As a secondary outcome, we sought to identify a weight-based threshold to empiri

[The overall nutritional quality of the diet is reflected in the growth of Nigerian children].

Childhood malnutrition is widespread in the Sahel region of Africa. In Niger, the 1992 Population and Health Survey found that 32% of childr … tal serving size was then calculated based on the number of mouthfuls and the mean mouthful weight. Snacks and meals eaten away from home were assessed by questioning the mother. Energy, protein, vitamin A, iron and zinc intakes were compared using the most relevant food composition data and the adequacy of the diet was determined from international reco …

[Survey on the influential factors of stunting among children under seven years of age in nine cities of China].

Objective: To analyze the influential factors of stunting among children under 7 years of age in nine cities of China in order to provide empirical data for early prevention and intervention for stunting. Methods: The survey was carried out with 1∶1 case-control study design in the communities and kindergartens of nine cities (Beijing, Harbin, Xi'an, Shanghai, Nanjing, Wuhan, Guangzhou, Fuzhou, and Kunming) from June to November in 2016. Children of heights lower than the 3rd percentile according to the 2009 children's height standard in China were included as the stunting case group (n=1 281)