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Elevated serum globulin fraction as a biomarker of multiyear disease severity in inflammatory bowel disease.

BackgroundSerum protein reflects albumin and globulin levels, both of which can be altered in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The implications of a high globulin fraction in IBD are unknown. We hypothesized that a high globulin fraction may function independently of albumin as a biomarker of disease severity in IBD patients over a multiyear period.MethodsThis was an observational study from a prospective IBD registry of a tertiary care center. High globulin fraction was defined as an elevated globulin level >4 g/dL. Data collected included patient demographics, medication exposures, quality-

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… Finally, 5-aminosalicylic acid compounds included sulfasalazine, mesalamine, balsalazide, either oral or topical. Use of oral vancomycin was also collected as a proxy for Clostridioides difficile . …

Budesonide for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease.

BACKGROUND: Corticosteroids are effective for induction, but not maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease. Significant concerns exist reg … due to sparse data (51 events) and high risk of bias (no blinding). Budesonide 6 mg was better than mesalamine 3 g/day at 12 months (RR 2.51, 95% CI 1.03 to 6.12; 1 study, 57 patients). A GRADE analysis indicated that the overall quality of the evidence supporting this outcome was very low due to very sparse data (18 events) and high risk of bias (no blindin …

A Continuous Registry of Medical Record, Patient Input, and Epidemiological Data of Patients With Ulcerative Colitis: a Multicentre, Prospective, Observational Clinical Registry Study in Japan.

BackgroundThis registry aims to allow for a prospective non-interventional observational study of ulcerative colitis. This will facilitate monitoring of the current state of ulcerative colitis in Japan and improving the long-term disease course and adverse events associated with current treatment options.MethodsInclusion of patients from five centres in Japan is planned. The study is expected to take place from July 15, 2020, to November 30, 2024. Background, demographics, and medical history/information will be collected from electronic medical records at enrolment. Medical information includ

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… Barriers to mesalamine adherence in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a qualitative analysis. J Manag Care Spec Pharm 214;20:309–314. 22. Sammut J, Scerri J, Xuereb RB. The lived experience of adults with ulcerative colitis. J Clin Nurs 2015;24:2659–2667. 23. …

Generalized Pyoderma Gangrenosum Associated with Ulcerative Colitis: Successful Treatment with Infliximab and Azathioprine.

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare ulcerative skin disease, part of the spectrum of neutrophilic and auto-inflammatory dermatoses. Its path … g of methylprednisolone) aims to prevent progression and rapidly stop inflammation (6). Additional mesalamine and corticosteroids may be effective in patients with bowel disease (10). In recent years, tumor necrosis alpha (TNF-α) inhibitors, such as infliximab and adalimumab, were reported to be effective for PG associated with IBD. These drugs block the bi …

Is There a Role for Bismuth in Diarrhea Management?

Diarrhea, an illness of both the developed and developing world, involves the burdensome characteristics of frequent bowel movements, loose stools, and abdominal discomfort. Diarrhea is a long-standing challenge in palliative care and can have a myriad of causes, making symptomatic treatment pertinent when illness evaluation is ongoing, when there is no definitive treatment approach, or when effective treatment cannot be attained. Symptomatic therapy is a common approach in palliative care settings. Bismuth is a suitable agent for symptomatic therapy and can be effectively employed for managem

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… However, there remains a knowledge gap regarding MC therapy, 5 especially lymphocytic colitis. 33 Commonly used MC drugs include sulfasalazine and mesalamine; however, one of the associated side effects for these drugs is diarrhea itself. 5 Budesonide is the most studied drug for MC 31 and is a corticosteroid …

Local administration of mesenchymal stromal cells is safe and modulates the immune compartment in ulcerative proctitis.

BACKGROUNDDue to their immunoregulatory and tissue regenerative features, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a promising novel tool for the management of ulcerative proctitis (UP). Here we report on a phase IIa clinical study that evaluated the impact of local MSC therapy on UP.METHODSThirteen refractory UP patients, with an endoscopic Mayo score (EMS) of 2 or 3, were included. Seven patients received 20-40 million allogeneic MSCs (cohort 1), while 6 patients received 40-80 million MSCs (cohort 2). Adverse events (AEs) were assessed at baseline and on weeks 2, 6, 12, and 24. Clinical, endosc

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… To be eligible for the study, patients must have had inflammation limited to the rectum (endoscopic Mayo score [EMS] 2 or 3) that did not respond to conventional medical therapy (rectal mesalamine and rectal corticosteroid therapy). …

Medicine manipulation: An alternative to mitigate therapeutic gaps in the Brazilian Unified Health System?

Despite the various initiatives carried out in Brazil and in the world, the challenge of offering essential medicines in adequate presentations remains, especially to the public affected by diseases considered neglected and the pediatric population, for whom the therapeutic options remain limited. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the production of manipulated medicines as a strategy to mitigate therapeutic and access gaps to essential medicines within the Brazilian public health system, called the Unified Health System (SUS). The evaluation, carried out between 2020 and 2021, i

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… . | Adult 12.5 mg/mL Oral solution | Infantile Mesalamine | 30 mg/mL Rectal enema | Crohn’s disease; ulcerative colitis. | Adult Metformin | 200mL/5mL Oral solution | Type 2 diabetes mellitus. | Infantile Naproxen | 250 mg/mL Oral solution | Psoriatic arthritis; Rheumatoid arthritis; Ankylosing spondylitis …

Practical guidance for the management of inflammatory bowel disease in patients with cancer. Which treatment?

Clinicians involved in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) increasingly come across patients with current or previous history of malignancies. With increasing and earlier use of immunosuppression and biologics in IBD patients, the question arises whether these treatments further increase the risk of new or recurrent cancers. A number of population-based observational studies have now reported the odds of development of new or recurrent cancers with thiopurines and antitumour necrosis factors (anti-TNFs). These data combined with data arising from treatment registries from other i

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… Mesalamine blocks tumor necrosis factor growth inhibition and nuclear factor kappa B activation in mouse colonocytes . …

Curcumin: An age-old anti-inflammatory and anti-neoplastic agent.

Curcumin is a natural anti-inflammatory agent that has been used for treating medical conditions for many years. Several experimental and pharmacologic trials have demonstrated its efficacy in the role as an anti-inflammatory agent. Curcumin has been shown to be effective in treating chronic conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, Alzheimer's and common malignancies like colon, stomach, lung, breast, and skin cancers. As treatments in medicine become more and more complex, the answer may be something simpler. This is a review article written with the objective to syst

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… This randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled, multicenter study demonstrated that curcumin in addition to maintenance therapy with sulfasalazine or mesalamine had a relapse rate of only 4.7% compared to 20.5% without curcumin. 34 Another very common gastrointestinal ailment that curcumin has shown …

Clinical utility of ustekinumab in Crohn's disease.

The introduction of anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy marked an important milestone in the management of moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease (CD). However, there remains a pressing demand for alternative therapeutic options for patients with primary nonresponse, secondary loss of response, or intolerable side effects to conventional treatment and TNF antagonists. Ustekinumab (UST) is a fully human IgG1κ monoclonal antibody that inhibits the p40 subunit shared by the proinflammatory cytokines, the interleukin (IL)-12 and -23. This blockade leads to dampening of the inflammatory cascade an

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… inflammatory cascade. 1 This results in transmural inflammation, mucosal ulceration, and complications, which include fibrostenosis, free perforation, abscess formation, and fistulae. 2 The medical management of CD has traditionally been based on the use of nonspecific agents such as antibiotics and mesalamine …

Histone deacetylase in inflammatory bowel disease: novel insights.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, is characterized by chronic nonspecific intestinal inflammation. Despite considerable efforts, IBD remains a heavy burden on society and human health, with increasing morbidity. Posttranslational modification, especially histone acetylation, is a key process in controlling DNA transcriptional activity. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play a vital role in the mechanism of IBD pathogenesis through histone and nonhistone protein deacetylation. Herein, we present a summary of different categories of HDACs as well as H

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… Mucoadhesive mesalamine prodrug nanoassemblies to target intestinal macrophages for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. ACS Nano 2024; 18(25): 16297–16311. 86. Lu H, Suo Z, Lin J, et al. Monocyte-macrophages modulate intestinal homeostasis in inflammatory bowel disease. …

Nuclear receptors in health and disease: signaling pathways, biological functions and pharmaceutical interventions.

Nuclear receptors (NRs) are a large family of ligand-dependent transcription factors that regulate the expression of a wide range of target genes in response to endogenous and exogenous ligands, including steroid hormones, thyroid hormone, vitamin D, retinoic acid, fatty acids, and oxidative steroids. Upon ligand binding, nuclear receptors form dimer complexes with transcriptional cofactors, which interact with specific DNA sequences in the promoter or enhancer regions of target genes to modulate gene expression. This process plays a crucial role in many physiological processes such as reprodu

The 'speck'-tacular oversight of the NLRP3-pyroptosis pathway on gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases and tumorigenesis.

The NLRP3 inflammasome is an intracellular sensor and an essential component of the innate immune system involved in danger recognition. An important hallmark of inflammasome activation is the formation of a single supramolecular punctum, known as a speck, per cell, which is the site where the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 are converted into their bioactive form. Speck also provides the platform for gasdermin D protein activation, whose N-terminus domain perforates the plasma membrane, allowing the release of mature cytokines alongside with a highly inflammatory form of cell death

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… .: 5-ASA; sulfasalazine, mesalamine), immunomodulators (e.g.: 6- mercaptopurine, methotrexate, azathioprine), steroids (e.g.: prednisone, budesonide), anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) antibodies or other biological drugs (e.g.: infliximab, adalimumab) [ 39 – 44 ]. …

The Dynamic Role of Curcumin in Mitigating Human Illnesses: Recent Advances in Therapeutic Applications.

Herbal medicine, particularly in developing regions, remains highly popular due to its cost-effectiveness, accessibility, and minimal risk of adverse effects. Curcuma longa L., commonly known as turmeric, exemplifies such herbal remedies with its extensive history of culinary and medicinal applications across Asia for thousands of years. Traditionally utilized as a dye, flavoring, and in cultural rituals, turmeric has also been employed to treat a spectrum of medical conditions, including inflammatory, bacterial, and fungal infections, jaundice, tumors, and ulcers. Building on this longstandin

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… Additionally, maintenance therapy combining curcumin with sulfasalazine or mesalamine results in lower recurrence rates compared to a placebo [ 39 ], and case reports indicate that curcumin alongside prednisone can achieve clinical and endoscopic remission [ 40 ]. …

Extraintestinal Cancers in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Literature Review.

BackgroundInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic multifactorial inflammatory disorders including two major entities: Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Preliminary evidence suggests that patients with IBD may be at increased risk of developing intestinal and extraintestinal cancers (EICs). Actually, little is known about the association between IBD and EICs, and there is ever-growing concern regarding the safety of immunomodulators and biological therapy, which may represent a risk factor for carcinogenesis.AimsThe aim of this review is to summarize the evidence

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… Those patients were compared to patients who only took mesalamine: only patients who took thiopurines had a higher risk of new or recurrent BCC (HR = 1.65; 95% CI 1.24–2.19; p = 0.0005) [ 215 ]. …

Кровавая добавка и болезни человека: обзор клинических испытаний.

Медицинальные свойства турмеров (Curcuma longa L.) — растения, использовавшегося на протяжении веков в качестве противовоспалительного средства, объясняются его полифеноловыми каркуминоидами, где преобладает кёркумин. Хотя «куркуминовые» добавки являются топ-продаваемыми ботаническими с перспективными доклиническими эффектами, остаются вопросы о биологической активности у человека. Для решения этой проблемы был проведен обзор аналитического исследования с целью оценки клинических испытаний человека, в ходе которых сообщалось о пероральном воздействии каркумина на результаты лечения. Eight :: п

Curcumin Formulations for Better Bioavailability: What We Learned from Clinical Trials Thus Far?

Curcumin has been credited with a wide spectrum of pharmacological properties for the prevention and treatment of several chronic diseases such as arthritis, autoimmune diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, hemoglobinopathies, hypertension, infectious diseases, inflammation, metabolic syndrome, neurological diseases, obesity, and skin diseases. However, due to its weak solubility and bioavailability, it has limited potential as an oral medication. Numerous factors including low water solubility, poor intestinal permeability, instability at alkaline pH, and fast metabolism contri

61st Annual Conference of Indian Society of Gastroenterology, Virtual Diamond Jubilee ISGCON 2020, 19-20th December 2020.

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Резюме докладов 2017 Ежегодное совещание Общества общей внутренней медицины.

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DNA Damaging Drugs

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