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Myasthenia Gravis: An Unanticipated Cause of Failure to Wean in a Postpartum Patient with Preexisting Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

UNLABELLED: Sudden onset and de novo Myasthenia gravis (MG) in the presence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a rare postpartum phenomenon and can easily misguide the treating physician. A known case of SLE, 4 days after an elective cesarean section, presented to the intensive care unit for weaning-off mechanical ventilation after being put on ventilatory support in the emergency room, following acute-onset partial seizures. She was subsequently diagnosed to have new-onset MG, treated for the condition and later successfully extubated. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Patki AY, Durga P, Gangi…

End-of-Life Decisions of Intracranial Hemorrhage Patients Successfully Weaned From Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation.

UNLABELLED: Factors related to the end-of-life decisions of patients with intracranial hemorrhage who were successfully weaned from prolonge … l hemorrhage patients with multiple comorbidities and higher neurologic impairment after successful weaning from the ventilator believed that palliative therapy would provide a greater benefit. Patients with intracranial hemorrhage successfully weaned from prolonged mechanical ventilation with chronic kidney disease comorbidity and Glasgow Coma Scale scor …

How do I wean a patient with acute hypercapnic respiratory failure from noninvasive ventilation?

Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) has been increasingly used for the management of different etiologies of acute hypercapnic respiratory failure (AHRF). Although NIV implementation has been framed well by the guidelines, limited number of studies evaluated the NIV weaning strategies, including a gradual decrease in the level of ventilator support and/or duration of NIV as well as abrupt discontinuation, once respiratory acidosis and distress have resolved. None of the methods have yet been established to be superior to the other in terms of the success rate of weaning and duration of NIV; as well …

Beneficial effects of levosimendan to wean patients from VA-ECMO: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

INTRODUCTION: Patients with refractory cardiogenic shock can benefit from veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO). The use of levosimendan in VA-ECMO patients may facilitate weaning and enhance survival. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane were searched from inception to October 10th, 2021. Eligible clinical trials and observational studies reporting the use of levosimendan in VA-ECMO were searched. Two reviewers extracted data and independently assessed the risk of bias. To integrate the data, a random-effect model was applied. The success …

Effects of niacin on intestinal immunity, microbial community and intestinal barrier in weaned piglets during starvation.

The objective was to evaluate the effects of niacin on intestinal immunity, microbial community and intestinal barrier in weaned piglets during starvation. In this study, twelve weaned piglets with similar body weight were randomly divided into two groups, six for each group. These piglets were treated with starvation, one group was treated with10 ml normal saline (Control), and the other group was perfused with 10 ml niacin solution (Niacin, 40 mg niacin was dissolved in equal volume of normal saline) once daily for three consecutive days. The results showed that niacin effectively attenuated

Standardized nCPAP Care Bundle to Decrease Days to Wean Off nCPAP: A Quality Improvement Initiative.

BACKGROUND: Effective bubble nasal continuous positive airway pressure (bnCPAP) implementation is a means to maintain functional residual ca … a standardized bnCPAP care bundle showed improvement in oxygen saturation and increased success of weaning off bnCPAP. Future studies to increase the collected data are needed to compare the outcomes on infants born at each gestational age.

Prevalence and distribution pattern of Cryptosporidium spp. among pre-weaned diarrheic calves in the Republic of Korea.

Cryptosporidium spp. are protozoan parasites that belong to subphylum apicomplexa and cause diarrhea in humans and animals worldwide. Data on the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. and its subtypes among calves in the Republic of Korea (KOR) are sparse. Hence, our study aimed to investigate the prevalence and association between the age of calf and the identified Cryptosporidium spp. and to determine the genotypes/subtypes of Cryptosporidium spp. in pre-weaned calves with diarrhea in the KOR. A total of 460 diarrheic fecal samples were collected from calves aged 1-60 days and screened for Cryp

Influences of dietary starch structure on intestinal morphology, barrier functions, and epithelium apoptosis in weaned pigs.

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of dietary starch structure (amylose/amylopectin ratio, AR) on intestinal health of weaned pigs by determining the intestinal morphology, barrier functions, epithelium apoptosis and digestive enzymes. A total of one hundred and eight pigs (initial body weight 7.51 ± 0.05 kg) were randomly allotted on the basis of their body weight (BW) and litters to one of the six experimental diet treatments with six replicates per treatment and three pigs per replicate. The six diets included a control (corn-soybean meal basal diet, CON) diet an

Dietary supplementation with Bacillus subtilis DSM 32315 alters the intestinal microbiota and metabolites in weaned piglets.

AIM: The study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary Bacillus subtilis (BS) DSM 32315 on the intestinal microbiota composition and metabolites of weaned pigs. METHODS AND RESULTS: Sixty-four piglets were allocated to two groups (control and BS), each group including eight replicates with four piglets. Dietary BS DSM 32315 increased (P < 0·05) the abundances of jejunal Leucobacter and Cupriavidus, ileal Thermus, Coprococcus and Bifidobacterium, as well as colonic Succiniclasticum; and increased the concentrations of ileal straight-chain fatty acids, colonic propionate, branched-c

Dietary supplementation with Bacillus mixture modifies the intestinal ecosystem of weaned piglets in an overall beneficial way.

AIMS: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with a mixture of Bacillus, which serves as an alternat … h modifications in terms of intestinal health are discussed. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Weaning is the most important transition period of piglet growth and development. This study showed that dietary supplementation of a probiotic mixture of Bacillus, an effective alternative of antibiotics, was beneficial in improving the intestinal ecosyste …

Education of family members to support weaning to solids and nutrition in later infancy in term-born infants.

BACKGROUND: Education of family members about infant weaning practices could affect nutrition, growth, and development of children in different settings across the world. OBJECTIVES: To compare effects of family nutrition educational interventions for infant weaning with conventional management on growth and neurodevelopment in childhood. SEARCH METHODS: We used the standard strategy of Cochrane Neonatal to search the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL; 2018, Issue 5), MEDLINE via PubMed (1966 to 26 June 2018), Embase (1980 to 26 June 2018), and the Cumulative Index to N…

Разработка кишечного кишечника микробиота во время отлучения от груди оказывает влияние на развитие постовощающего диареи - полевое исследование.

Постобранные диареи являются обычной проблемой в производстве свиней, которая в настоящее время контролируется путем добавления оксидов цинка в корм. Вместе с тем в настоящее время ведется поиск новых альтернатив в связи с ожидаемым запретом на содержание оксида цинка в добавках кормов в ЕС с 2022 года. Одной из возможных альтернатив является использование новых видов пробиотики, состоящей из микробиотических свойств для здоровых откормленных поросят. Поэтому в этом исследовании мы собрали ректальные мазки поросенок за 3 дня до отнятия от груди и через 4 дня после отнятия от груди на коммерчес

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Postweaning diarrhea is a common issue in pig production which is currently controlled by feed supplementation with zinc oxide. However, new alternatives are being sought due to an expected ban on zinc oxide in feed supplementation from 2022 in the EU. One possible alternative is to use novel types of probiotics consisting of microbiota characteristic for he…

Effect of pre- and post-weaning dietary supplementation with arginine and glutamine on rabbit performance and intestinal health.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of the present study was to assess if the exposure to glutamine (Gln), arginine (Arg) or their combination from pregnancy, through the maternal diet, to a post weaning supplemented diet, can stimulate litter performance, gut development and immune function. To this end does and their litters were fed the same basal diet no supplemented (control C), or supplemented with 0.4% Gln, 0.4% Arg, or 0.4 Gln + 0.4 Arg. Rabbits were weaned at 25 d of age and fed the same experimental diet as their mothers for 10 additional days (35 d of age). Bacterial translocation to mesenteric…

Effect of Dietary Copper on Intestinal Microbiota and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Escherichia coli in Weaned Piglets.

Copper is an essential microelement for animals, and not only it has been used as a feed additive at pharmacological doses in swine producti … f intestinal E. coli, and was most likely harmful to the health of piglets at the early stage after weaning.

Pathogenicity and immunogenicity of attenuated porcine epidemic diarrhea virus PC22A strain in conventional weaned pigs.

BACKGROUND: Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) causes diarrhea in all ages of pigs with 50-100% mortality rates in neonatal piglets. In the United States, inactivated and subunit PEDV vaccines for pregnant sows are available, but fail to induce sufficient protection in neonatal piglets farrowed from PEDV naïve sows. A safe and efficacious live attenuated vaccine that can prime mucosal immune responses is urgently needed. In this study, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of two attenuated PEDV vaccine candidates, the emerging non-S INDEL PEDV strain PC22A at the 100th cell culture passage

Effect of prebiotic supplementation with stabilized rice bran in milk of pre-weaned organic Holstein calves.

BACKGROUND: The first month of life possess significant challenges for dairy calves due to high susceptibility to digestive diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of prebiotic supplementation with stabilized rice bran (SRB) in milk on health, immunity, and performance of pre-weaned organic dairy calves. Holstein heifer calves (n = 90) were enrolled at 6 ± 1 days old and monitored for 28 days, from July to August 2017. Calves were randomly assigned to a control (CTR; n = 45) or a treatment group (SRB; n = 45). The CTR group received milk alone and the SRB group receive

Effects of Dietary Serine Supplementation on Intestinal Integrity, Inflammation and Oxidative Status in Early-Weaned Piglets.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Early weaning often causes gut dysfunction. Since serine alleviates oxidative stress and inflammatory response which are accompany with early weaning, we conducted the study to explore whether serine improves intestinal function in early-weaned piglets. METHODS: Twenty-eight weaned piglets (aged 21 d) were fed either a basal diet or a basal diet plus 0.2% serine. We determined the effects of dietary serine supplementation on intestinal morphology by hematoxylin and eosin staining, expression of tight junction proteins (TJPs) by immunoblotting and immunofluorescence, expressio…

New Insight into the Molecular Mechanism of the FUT2 Regulating Escherichia coli F18 Resistance in Weaned Piglets.

Escherichia coli (E. coli) F18 is the main pathogen responsible for post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) in piglets. Resistance to E. coli F18 depends on the expression of the cognate receptors in the intestinal epithelial cells. However, the molecular mechanism of E. coli F18 resistance in weaned piglets remains unclear. Here, we performed a comparative transcriptome study of the duodenal tissue from Sutai E. coli F18 sensitive and resistant pigs by RNA-seq, and pig α(1,2) fucosyltransferase 2 (FUT2) was identified as a host differentially expressed gene controlling the E. coli F18 infection. Function…

Alginate oligosaccharide alleviates enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli-induced intestinal mucosal disruption in weaned pigs.

Alginate oligosaccharide (AOS) is a non-toxic, non-immunogenic, non-carcinogenic and biodegradable product generated by depolymerisation of alginate, and exhibits various salutary properties. The present study was designed to evaluate whether AOS supplementation could attenuate enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)-induced intestinal mucosal injury in weaned pigs. Twenty-four weaned pigs were randomly assigned to three treatments: (1) non-challenged control; (2) ETEC-challenged control; and (3) ETEC challenge + AOS treatment (100 mg kg-1). On day 12, pigs in the non-challenged group were ora

Gene expression profile changes in the jejunum of weaned piglets after oral administration of Lactobacillus or an antibiotic.

The small intestine plays an essential role in the health and well-being of animals. Previous studies have shown that Lactobacillus has a protective effect on intestinal morphology, intestinal epithelium integrity and appropriate maturation of gut-associated tissues. Here, gene expression in jejunum tissue of weaned piglets was investigated by RNA-seq analysis after administration of sterile saline, Lactobacillus reuteri, or an antibiotic (chlortetracycline). In total, 401 and 293 genes were significantly regulated by chlortetracycline and L. reuteri, respectively, compared with control treatm