Результаты поиска

Codepoietic biological evolution: From the origin of life to eukaryogenesis.

Evolution is an intrinsic property of autopoietic systems performing natural computation, which is based on an internal formal self-descript … ernative realizations of codepoiesis occurred in the appearance of distinct domains of Bacteria and Archaea. Both bacteria and archaea utilize horizontal gene transfer in evolution; in bacteria, it is constrained by DNA sequence divergence and repair mechanisms, while in archaea, it is more internally driven via the use of unique mechanisms like cell fusi …

Comparative study of fermentation and methanogen community structure in the digestive tract of goats and rabbits.

Methane is the most important anthropogenic contribution to climate change after carbon dioxide and represents a loss of feed energy for the animal, mainly for herbivorous species. However, our knowledge about the ecology of Archaea, the microbial group responsible for methane synthesis in the gut, is very poor. Moreover, it is well known that hindgut fermentation differs from rumen fermentation. The composition of archaeal communities in fermentation compartments of goats and rabbits were investigated using DGGE to generate fingerprints of archaeal 16S rRNA gene. Ruminal contents and faeces f…

Переоценка желудочно-кишечного метаногенного археома в множестве склероза и его связь с лечением.

Роль кишечного археиального микробиома (архема) в здравоохранении и болезнях по-прежнему недостаточно понятна. Метаногенные археи были связаны с множественным склерозом (МС), однако предыдущие исследования ограничивались небольшими группами и непоследовательными методологиями. Для решения этой проблемы мы провели переоценку связи между метаногенными археями и MS с использованием метагеномических данных Международного исследования множественного склероза микробиома. Мы проанализировали микробиомные профили по 115 пациентам с НР и 115 здоровым домашним хозяйствам в Буэнос-Айресе (27,8 процента),

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
The role of the gut archaeal microbiome (archaeome) in health and disease remains poorly understood. Methanogenic archaea have been linked to multiple sclerosis (MS), but prior studies were limited by small cohorts and inconsistent methodologies. To address this, we re-evaluated the association between methanogenic archaea and MS using metagenomic data from …

Enhancement of nitrate-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation via granular activated carbon.

Denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation (DAMO) is a bioprocess utilizing methane as the electron source to remove nitrate or nitrite, but d … ntrol SBR. The porous structure of GAC can not only adsorb methane, but also keep the internal DAMO archaea from being washed out, and thus benefits for DAMO archaea enrichment. The relative abundance of DAMO archaea accounted for 96.3% in GAC-SBR, which was significantly higher than that of non-amended control SBR system (29.9%). Furthermore, GAC amendme …

Archaeome structure and function of the intestinal tract in healthy and H1N1 infected swine.

BACKGROUND: Methanogenic archaea represent a less investigated and likely underestimated part of the intestinal tract microbiome in swine. AIMS/METHODS: This study aims to elucidate the archaeome structure and function in the porcine intestinal tract of healthy and H1N1 infected swine. We performed multi-omics analysis consisting of 16S rRNA gene profiling, metatranscriptomics and metaproteomics. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: We observed a significant increase from 0.48 to 4.50% of archaea in the intestinal tract microbiome along the ileum and colon, dominated by genera Methanobrevibacter and Meth…

Maternal rumen and milk microbiota shape the establishment of early-life rumen microbiota in grazing yak calves.

Early-life gut microbial colonization and development exert a profound impact on the health and metabolism of the host throughout the life s … termine the contributions of the different maternal sites to the establishment of the bacterial and archaeal communities in the rumen during early life. Our analysis demonstrated that the dam's microbial communities clustered according to the sites, and the calves' rumen microbiota resembled that of the dam consistently regardless of fluctuations at d 7 a …

Insights on the particle-attached riverine archaeal community shifts linked to seasons and to multipollution during a Mediterranean extreme storm event.

Even if Archaea deliver important ecosystem services and are major players in global biogeochemical cycles, they remain poorly understood in freshwater ecosystems. To our knowledge, no studies specifically address the direct impact of xenobiotics on the riverine archaeome. Using environmental DNA metabarcoding of the 16S ribosomal gene, we previously demonstrated bacterial communities significant shifts linked to pollutant mixtures during an extreme flood in a typical Mediterranean coastal watercourse. Here, using the same methodology, we sought to determine whether archaeal community shifts c…

Abundant iron and sulfur oxidizers in the stratified sediment of a eutrophic freshwater reservoir with annual cyanobacterial blooms.

The microbial community in eutrophic freshwater sediment was investigated from a 67-cm-deep sediment core collected from the Daechung Reserv … st prevalent phylum, followed by Chloroflexi (8.9%), Bacteroidetes (5.1%), and Spirochaetes (2.6%). Archaea were also abundant, representing approximately half of the total prokaryotes in the sediments. Notably, three Bacteria (Sulfuricurvum, Sideroxydans, and Gallionella) and one Archaea (Thermoplasmata) accounted for 43.4% and 38.4% of the total bacteri …

A Novel Description of the Human Sinus Archaeome During Health and Chronic Rhinosinusitis.

Human microbiome studies remain focused on bacteria, as they comprise the dominant component of the microbiota. Recent advances in sequencing technology and optimization of amplicon sequencing protocols have allowed the description of other members of the microbiome, including eukaryotes (fungi) and, most recently, archaea. There are no known human-associated archaeal pathogens. Their diversity and contribution to health and chronic respiratory diseases, such as chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), are unknown. Patients with CRS suffer from long-term sinus infections, and while the microbiota is hypo…

The Human Archaeome: Commensals, Opportunists, or Emerging Pathogens?

Archaea, one of the three domains of life, are increasingly recognized as consistent, though often underappreciated, members of the human microbiome, yet their roles in health and disease remain poorly understood. Unlike bacteria, no archaeal species have been conclusively identified as primary mammalian pathogens, but their widespread presence across diverse body sites suggests potential indirect contributions to host physiology and pathology. Current evidence is synthesized on archaeal diversity and habitat specificity across multiple human-associated sites, encompassing the gastrointestinal…

Long-term effects of soluble and insoluble ferric irons on anaerobic oxidation of methane in paddy soil.

Iron-dependent anaerobic oxidation of methane (Fe-AOM) is an important process to reduce methane emissions into the atmosphere. It is well k … activity for a short time, it restricted the activity increase in the long term. The abundances of archaea, iron-reducing bacteria (IRB), and gene mcrA largely increased after cultivation, indicating the important roles of mcrA-carrying archaea and IRB. Remarkably, archaeal communities were similar, but bacteria were totally different with different ferr …

A new family of rolling-circle replication endonucleases widespread in archaeal viruses and plasmids.

Archaea possess a remarkably diverse mobilome, but for many archaeal viruses and plasmids, even the basic processes, such as genome replication, remain poorly understood. Here, we characterize a previously uncharacterized family of putative rolling-circle replication endonucleases, termed Rep-Arvir, widespread among viruses and plasmids associated with phylogenetically diverse archaea, including halophiles, methanogens, and hyperthermophiles. We show that RepSNJ2, encoded by the temperate pleomorphic virus SNJ2, a model member of the Pleolipoviridae family, is essential for driving autonomous …

Genomic Insights into the Ecological Role and Evolution of a Novel Thermoplasmata Order, "Candidatus Sysuiplasmatales".

Recent omics studies have provided invaluable insights into the metabolic potential, adaptation, and evolution of novel archaeal lineages from a variety of extreme environments. We utilized a genome-resolved metagenomic approach to recover eight medium- to high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) that likely represent a new order ("Candidatus Sysuiplasmatales") in the class Thermoplasmata from mine tailings and acid mine drainage (AMD) sediments sampled from two copper mines in South China. 16S rRNA gene-based analyses revealed a narrow habitat range for these uncultured archaea limite…

Emendation of Recommendation 6(7), Rule 64 and Appendix 9 Section D of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes to regulate the formation of prokaryote names from personal names.

Following a proposal to emend Recommendation 6(7), Rule 64 and Appendix 9, Section D of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes to regulate the formation of prokaryote names from personal names, I hereby report the outcome of the ballot on this proposal by the members of the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes.

Summary of taxonomy changes ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) from the Archaeal Viruses Subcommittee, 2025.

The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) holds a ratification vote annually following the review of newly proposed taxa by ICTV Study Groups and members of the virology community. This article reports changes to the taxonomy of viruses infecting archaea that were approved and ratified by the ICTV in March 2025. Six new families of head-tailed viruses expanded the order Caudoviricetes (realm Duplodnaviria); one new family of filamentous viruses was added to the order Ligamenvirales (realm Adnaviria); one new family of viruses with pleomorphic virions was included within a new p…

Active Microbial Airborne Dispersal and Biomorphs as Confounding Factors for Life Detection in the Cell-Degrading Brines of the Polyextreme Dallol Geothermal Field.

Determining the precise limits of life in polyextreme environments is challenging. Studies along gradients of polyextreme conditions in the Dallol proto-volcano area (Danakil salt desert, Ethiopia) showed the occurrence of archaea-dominated communities (up to 99%) in several hypersaline systems but strongly suggested that life did not thrive in the hyperacidic (pH ∼0), hypersaline (∼35% [wt/vol],) and sometimes hot (up to 108°C) ponds of the Dallol dome. However, it was recently claimed that archaea flourish in these brines based on the detection of one Nanohaloarchaeotas 16S rRNA gene and flu…

A Review on Microbial Products and Their Perspective Application as Antimicrobial Agents.

Microorganisms including actinomycetes, archaea, bacteria, fungi, yeast, and microalgae are an auspicious source of vital bioactive compounds. In this review, the existing research regarding antimicrobial molecules from microorganisms is summarized. The potential antimicrobial compounds from actinomycetes, particularly Streptomyces spp.; archaea; fungi including endophytic, filamentous, and marine-derived fungi, mushroom; and microalgae are briefly described. Furthermore, this review briefly summarizes bacteriocins, halocins, sulfolobicin, etc., that target multiple-drug resistant pathogens an…

On the Origin and Evolution of Microbial Mercury Methylation.

The origin of microbial mercury methylation has long been a mystery. Here, we employed genome-resolved phylogenetic analyses to decipher the evolution of the mercury-methylating gene, hgcAB, constrain the ancestral origin of the hgc operon, and explain the distribution of hgc in Bacteria and Archaea. We infer the extent to which vertical inheritance and horizontal gene transfer have influenced the evolution of mercury methylators and hypothesize that evolution of this trait bestowed the ability to produce an antimicrobial compound (MeHg+) on a potentially resource-limited early Earth. We specu…

The role of the "Thiodendron" consortium in postulating the karyomastigont chimaera of the endosymbiosis theory by Lynn Margulis.

The endosymbiosis theory of the origin of eukaryotic cell was first proposed more than a hundred years ago. In the second half of the 20th c … ut the symbiotic origin of the nucleus by adding the bacterium Spirochaeta to the Thermoplasma-like archaea. She considered the "Thiodendron"-like consortium to be an intermediate stage in evolution. According to Margulis, the conversion of carbohydrates and the oxidation of Н2S to S0 by the bacterium provided the archaea with electron acceptors for anaer …

Microbial dynamics, chemical profile, and bioactive potential of diverse Egyptian marine environments from archaeological wood to soda lake.

Halophilic archaea are a unique group of microorganisms that thrive in high-salt environments, exhibiting remarkable adaptations to survive extreme conditions. Archaeological wood and El-Hamra Lake serve as a substrate for a diverse range of microorganisms, including archaea, although the exact role of archaea in archaeological wood biodeterioration remains unclear. The morphological and chemical characterizations of archaeological wood were evaluated using FTIR, SEM, and EDX. The degradation of polysaccharides was identified in Fourier transform infrared analysis (FTIR). The degradation of wo…