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Серотип 4 Fowl adenovirus попадает в гепатоклеточные клетки самца лапхорна через клатриновый эндоцитозный путь.

Синдром гепатита-гидроперикардия (HHS), вызванный аденовирусным серотипом 4 птицы (FAdV-4), в последние годы привел к значительным экономическим потерям для мировой птицеводческой промышленности. Для HHS характерны перикардия и гепатит, которые проявляются как опухшая печень с фокусными некрозами и петухическим кровотечением. Однако процесс ввода FADV-4 в печени остается в значительной степени неизвестным. В настоящем документе мы представляем всеобъемлющее исследование по вопросу о механизме ввода FADV-4 в гепатоклеточные (LMH) клетки самца лапхорна. Сначала мы заметили, что интернализация FA

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) induced by fowl adenovirus serotype-4 (FAdV-4) has caused large economic losses to the world poult … ular (LMH) cells. We first observed that FAdV-4 internalization was inhibited by chlorpromazine and clathrin heavy chain (CHC) knockdown, suggesting that FAdV-4 entry into LMH cells depended on clathrin. By using the inhibitor dynasore, we showed that dynamin was required for FAdV-4 entry. In addition, we found that FAdV-4 entry was dependent on membrane c …

Arf6 and Rab22 mediate T cell conjugate formation by regulating clathrin-independent endosomal membrane trafficking.

Endosomal trafficking can influence the composition of the plasma membrane and the ability of cells to polarize their membranes. Here, we examined whether trafficking through clathrin-independent endocytosis (CIE) affects the ability of T cells to form a cell-cell conjugate with antigen-presenting cells (APCs). We show that CIE occurs in both the Jurkat T cell line and primary human T cells. In Jurkat cells, the activities of two guanine nucleotide binding proteins, Arf6 and Rab22 (also known as Rab22a), influence CIE and conjugate formation. Expression of the constitutively active form of Arf…

The mechanosensitive APJ internalization via clathrin-mediated endocytosis: A new molecular mechanism of cardiac hypertrophy.

The G protein-coupled receptor APJ elicits cellular response to diverse extracellular stimulus. Accumulating evidence reveals that APJ receptor plays a prominent role in the cardiomyocyte adapting to hypertrophic stimulation. At present, it remains obscure that the regulatory mechanism of APJ receptor in myocardial hypertrophy. The natural endogenous ligands apelin and Elabela as well as agonists maintain high affinity for the APJ receptor and drive its internalization. Ligand-activated receptor internalization is mainly performed by clathrin-mediated endocytic pathway. Simultaneously, clathri…

Small GTPase Rab14 down-regulates UT-A1 urea transport activity through enhanced clathrin-dependent endocytosis.

The UT-A1 urea transporter plays an important role in the urinary concentration mechanism. However, the molecular mechanisms regarding UT-A1 … denced by cell surface biotinylation. This effect is blocked by chlorpromazine, an inhibitor of the clathrin-mediated endocytic pathway, but not by filipin, an inhibitor of the caveolin-mediated endocytic pathway. In kidney, Rab14 is mainly expressed in IMCD epithelial cells with a pattern identical to UT-A1 expression. Consistent with its role in particip …

Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 6 (NHE6/SLC9A6) is involved in clathrin-dependent endocytosis of transferrin.

In mammalian cells, nine conserved isoforms of the Na(+)/H(+) exchanger (NHE) are known to be important for pH regulation of the cytoplasm a … icroscopic analysis revealed that, at 2 min after the onset of endocytosis, colocalization of NHE6, clathrin, and transferrin was observed, which suggests that NHE6 was localized to endocytotic, clathrin-coated vesicles. In addition, in knockdown cells, transferrin-positive endosomes were acidified, but no effect was found on cytoplasmic pH. In cells overe …

Clathrin-mediated endocytosis of FITC-albumin in alveolar type II epithelial cell line RLE-6TN.

We examined mechanisms of FITC-albumin uptake by alveolar type II epithelial cells using cultured RLE-6TN cells. Alkaline phosphatase activi … lae-mediated endocytosis) but was inhibited by phenylarsine oxide and chlorpromazine (inhibitors of clathrin-mediated endocytosis) in a concentration-dependent manner. Uptake was also inhibited by potassium depletion and hypertonicity, conditions known to inhibit clathrin-mediated endocytosis. These results indicate that the uptake of FITC-albumin in cultu …

Enrichment of presenilin 1 peptides in neuronal large dense-core and somatodendritic clathrin-coated vesicles.

Presenilin 1 is an integral membrane protein specifically cleaved to yield an N-terminal and a C-terminal fragment, both membrane-associated … r-core synaptic vesicles, the large dense-core vesicles, and the somatodendritic and nerve terminal clathrin-coated vesicles. Both the N- and C-terminal presenilin 1 proteolytic fragments were greatly enriched in chromaffin granule and neuronal large dense-core vesicle membranes, indicating that these fragments are targeted to these vesicles and may regula …

P4-ATPase BbCrpa2 detoxifies cyclosporine a via AP2-clathrin-dependent endocytic pathway in Beauveria bassiana.

Cyclosporine A (CsA) exerts potent intracellular toxicity in fungi, yet the mechanisms underlying fungal CsA tolerance remain poorly understood. Here, we identify BbCrpa2, a P4-ATPase in the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana, as a key determinant of CsA resistance. Unlike the trans-Golgi network-localized BbCrpa, which sequesters cytosolic CsA, BbCrpa2 functions as a plasma membrane gatekeeper. It captures CsA at the cell surface and mediates its internalization into vesicles through AP2-clathrin-dependent endocytosis. Genetic and functional analyses reveal that BbCrpa2 and BbCrpa act…

Molecular mechanisms of Batai virus entry into mouse neuroblastoma N2a cells via Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis.

Batai virus (BATV), an arbovirus belonging to the family Peribunyaviridae, has garnered increasing attention due to its broad host range, expanding geographical distribution, and capacity to naturally infect the mammalian central nervous system with the potential for evolution into more virulent strains. As an enveloped virus, BATV enters host cells via endocytosis, with clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) representing the most extensively characterized entry mechanism. This study systematically investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying BATV entry into mouse neuroblastoma N2a cells via …

Elevated cyclic hydrostatic pressure enhances the transfection activity of lipoplexes by activating clathrin-mediated endocytosis.

Despite significant advancements in liposome-mediated transfection technology over the past decades, achieving optimal transfection efficien … ed that the enhancement of liposome-mediated transfection by CHP was dependent on the activation of clathrin-dependent endocytic pathways. Importantly, this mechanical stimulation did not affect the proliferative or migratory capacities of HASMCs, despite the identification of significantly modulated proteins (5.8 % of the total proteome) by proteomic anal …

Apolipoprotein A-I Crosses the Blood-Brain Barrier through Clathrin-Independent and Cholesterol-Mediated Endocytosis.

Recent studies suggest that apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I), the major protein constituent of high-density lipoprotein particles, plays a critic … not be ruled out. In addition, we show that Alexa Flour 647-labeled ApoA-I (AF647-ApoA-I) undergoes clathrin-independent and cholesterol-mediated endocytosis in transformed human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (hCMEC/D3). Further, Z-series confocal images of the hCMEC/D3 monolayers and Western blot detection of intact ApoA-I on the abluminal side …

Japanese encephalitis virus infects porcine kidney epithelial PK15 cells via clathrin- and cholesterol-dependent endocytosis.

BACKGROUND: Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that causes acute viral encephalitis in humans. Pigs are important amplifiers of JEV. The entry mechanism of JEV into porcine cells remains largely unknown. In this study, we present a study of the internalization mechanism of JEV in porcine kidney epithelial PK15 cells. RESULTS: We demonstrated that the disruption of the lipid raft by cholesterol depletion with methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) reduced JEV infection. We also found that the knockdown of clathrin by small interfering RNA (siRNA) significantly reduced JEV-i…

Fungal lectin, XCL, is internalized via clathrin-dependent endocytosis and facilitates uptake of other molecules.

The lectin isolated from Xerocomus chrysenteron (XCL) displays a toxic activity towards insects. In order to assess its possible mode of action and to gather useful data for its potential use in insect-resistant transgenic plants, we investigated the effects of XCL at the cellular level. Immunofluorescence microscopy studies revealed that XCL is rapidly internalized into small endocytic vesicles that further coalesce in the perinuclear region. We show that XCL is endocytosed by the clathrin-dependent pathway, and is delivered to late endosome/lysosome compartments. The internalization of XCL s…

Anthrax toxin triggers endocytosis of its receptor via a lipid raft-mediated clathrin-dependent process.

The protective antigen (PA) of the anthrax toxin binds to a cell surface receptor and thereby allows lethal factor (LF) to be taken up and e … x. Moreover, we show that internalization of PA is dynamin and Eps15 dependent, indicating that the clathrin-dependent pathway is the major route of anthrax toxin entry into the cell. The present work illustrates that although the physiological role of the ATR is unknown, its trafficking properties, i.e., slow endocytosis as a monomer and rapid clathrin-me …

C1orf115 interacts with clathrin adaptors to undergo endocytosis and induces ABCA1 to promote enteric cholesterol efflux.

C1orf115 has been identified in high-throughput screens as a regulator of multidrug resistance possibly mediated through an interaction with ATP-dependent membrane transporter ABCB1. Here we show that C1orf115 not only shares structural similarities with FACI/C11orf86 to interact with clathrin adaptors to undergo endocytosis, but also induces ABCA1 transcription to promote cholesterol efflux. C1orf115 consists of an N-terminal intrinsically disordered region and a C-terminal α-helix. Its α-helix binds to phosphoinositides, and mediates C1orf115 localization to the plasma membrane, nucleolus an…

Eukaryotic Clathrin Adapter Protein and Mediator of Cholesterol Homeostasis, PICALM, Affects Trafficking to the Chlamydial Inclusion.

The obligate intracellular pathogen Chlamydia trachomatis has unique metabolic requirements as it proceeds through its biphasic developmental cycle from within the inclusion within the host cell. In our previous study, we identified a host protein, PICALM, which localizes to the chlamydial inclusion. PICALM functions in many host pathways including the recycling of receptors, specific SNARE proteins, and molecules like transferrin, and maintaining cholesterol homeostasis. Hence, we hypothesized that PICALM functions to maintain the cholesterol content and to moderate trafficking from the endos

Efficient Gene Delivery by Sonoporation Is Associated with Microbubble Entry into Cells and the Clathrin-Dependent Endocytosis Pathway.

Microbubble oscillation at specific ultrasound settings leads to permeabilization of surrounding cells. This phenomenon, referred to as sono … fer efficacy was greatly inhibited when cells were treated with chlorpromazine, an inhibitor of the clathrin-dependent endocytosis pathway. In contrast, no significant alteration was observed when cells were treated with filipin III or genistein, both inhibitors of the caveolin-dependent pathway. This study emphasizes that microbubble-cell interactions do …

Differential requirements for clathrin endocytic pathway components in cellular entry by Ebola and Marburg glycoprotein pseudovirions.

Clathrin-mediated endocytosis was previously implicated as one of the cellular pathways involved in filoviral glycoprotein mediated viral entry into target cells. Here we have further dissected the requirements for different components of this pathway in Ebola versus Marburg virus glycoprotein (GP) mediated viral infection. Although a number of these components were involved in both cases; Ebola GP-dependent viral entry specifically required the cargo recognition proteins Eps15 and DAB2 as well as the clathrin adaptor protein AP-2. In contrast, Marburg GP-mediated infection was independent of …

Entamoeba histolytica uses ferritin as an iron source and internalises this protein by means of clathrin-coated vesicles.

Entamoeba histolytica is a parasitic protozoan that produces dysentery and often reaches the liver, leading to abscess formation. Ferritin i … y. Amoebae were viable in iron supplied by ferritin. Trophozoites quickly internalised ferritin via clathrin-coated vesicles, a process that was initiated within the first 2 min of incubation. In 30 min, ferritin was found colocalizing with the LAMP-2 protein at vesicles in the cytosol. The uptake of ferritin was time- temperature- and concentration-depend …

A novel host-targeted inhibitor of clathrin-mediated endocytosis limits spring viremia of carp virus infection.

Spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV), an aquatic rhabdovirus, causes lethal disease and major economic losses in carp aquaculture, yet no licensed antivirals are available. In this study, we identify the plant-derived diterpenoid quinone cryptotanshinone (CPT) as a potent inhibitor of SVCV that acts by inhibiting clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) and attenuating early mitochondrial apoptosis. CPT was well tolerated by epithelioma papulosum cyprinid cells (50% cytotoxic concentration [CC50] = 303.2 µM) and suppressed SVCV replication in a dose-dependent manner (50% inhibitory concentration [IC…